Species that contain: Epinephelus and fasciatus [ 19 ] records

alexandrinus, Serranus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828:281 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 2; ref. 997] Egypt, Red Sea. Holotype: MNHN 0000-7325. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:23 [ref. 19232]. •Valid as Epinephelus alexandrinus (Valenciennes 1828) -- (Tortonese 1973:359 [ref. 7192], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:784 [ref. 13676], Smith 1990:698 [ref. 18227], Evseenko 1996:727 [ref. 24666]). •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354], Heemstra 2022:55 [ref. 39742]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

cruentus, Serranus De Vis [C. W.] 1884:446 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 8 (pt 4); ref. 1089] New Britain Island, Bismarck Archipelago. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Randall 2020:68 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

emoryi, Epinephelus Schultz [L. P.] in Schultz et al. 1953:340, Fig. 52 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 202, v. 1; ref. 3975] Lagoon coral head at Bikini Atoll, 11°33'13"N, 165°28'39"E, Marshall Islands, western Pacific, depth 30-45 feet. Holotype: USNM 141929. Paratypes: FMNH 62613 [ex USNM 139695] (1); USNM 139695 (orig. 6, now 5). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:34 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227], Randall & Heemstra 1991:147 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2499 [ref. 24815], Randall 2005:156 [ref. 28239], Parenti & Randall 2020:68 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

erythraeus, Holocentrus Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:320 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Ras Muhammad, southern Sinai, Egypt, Red Sea, 27°44'N 34°15'E. No types known. •Unneeded replacement name for, and objective synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:99 [ref. 29757], Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354], Heemstra 2022:55 [ref. 39742]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fasciata, Perca Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:xi, 40 [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Ras Muhammad, southern Sinai, Egypt, Red Sea, 27°44'N, 34°15'E. No types known. Authorship and type locality according to Fricke 2008:28 [ref. 30182]. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:186 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Gill & Kemp 2002:165 [ref. 30496] suggest splitting into several species; Epinephelus fasciatus would be restricted to Red Sea and Indian Ocean (or possibly to northern Red Sea only). Others (some unnamed): Western Australia; Western Pacific; Japan; Pacific Plate islands; Marquesas. •Valid as Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:218 [ref. 19756], Kyushin et al. 1982:180 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:99 [ref. 29757], Katayama in Masuda et al. 1984:129 [ref. 6441], Heemstra & Randall 1986:524 [ref. 5667], Allen & Swainston 1988:56 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:494 [ref. 12442], Winterbottom et al. 1989:24 [ref. 13251], Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227], Lee 1990:45 [ref. 19830], Randall et al. 1990:107 [ref. 15987], Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Baranes & Golani 1993:307 [ref. 22372], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Kuiter 1993:134 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:160 [ref. 25479], Goren & Dor 1994:25 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:130 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:235 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:84 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:47 [ref. 26476], Kuiter 1997:110 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:107 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:113 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:184 [ref. 24106], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2499 [ref. 24815], Johnson 1999:730 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:11 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:86 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:717 [ref. 25086], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:182 [ref. 25191], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:84 [ref. 25480], Randall & Earle 2000:11 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:98 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:262 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:30 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:717 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:309, 591 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:31 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S104 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:621 [ref. 27495], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:52 [ref. 27510], Lobel & Lobel 2004:70 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:11 [ref. 27624], Adrim et al. 2004:119 [ref. 27715], Heemstra et al. 2004:3319 [ref. 27945], Randall 2005:156 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:346 [ref. 28379], Hoese et al. 2006:1011 [ref. 28999], Fricke 2008:28 [ref. 30182], Motomura in Motomura & Satapoomin 2009:88 [ref. 30492], Caratini & Soriano 2011:54 [ref. 39915], Craig et al. 2011:134 [ref. 31786], Allen & Erdmann 2012:272 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:100 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:61 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:5 [ref. 33988], Motomura et al. 2015:19 [ref. 34709], Rothman et al. 2016:479 [ref. 34171], Koeda et al. 2016:26 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:3 [ref. 35354], Motomura et al. 2017:86 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:318 [ref. 36183], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[20] 258 [ref. 36492], Golani & Fricke 2018:62 [ref. 36273], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:96 [ref. 36864], Fricke et al. 2019:117 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:155 [ref. 36626], Yoshigou 2019:199 [ref. 36714], Zajonz et al. 2019:70 [ref. 36871], Bariche & Fricke 2020:137 [ref. 37515], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 21 [ref. 38321], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354], Psomadakis et al. 2020:390 [ref. 37272], Ray & Mohapatra 2020:113 [ref. 37300], Sonoyama et al. 2020:54 [ref. 37637], Akhilesh et al. 2021:51 [ref. 38701], Durville et al. 2021:311 [ref. 38802], González-Lorenzo et al. 2021:147 [ref. 38374], Jawad & Al Jufaili 2021:[4] [ref. 38563], Kovačić et al. 2021:77 [ref. 39014], Gökoğlu & Biçer 2022:101 [ref. 39554], Heemstra 2022:55 [ref. 39742], Zajonz et al. 2022:76 [ref. 40522], Moazzam & Osmany 2023:672 [ref. 40722], Murase et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40935]). Current status: Valid as Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Aldabra (Seychelles), Comoros, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Pérouse Seamount, La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Wake Atoll, Marshall Islands and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Sea of Japan and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to Western Australia, Lord Howe Island (Australia), Norfolk Island (Australia), New Caledonia, Tonga and Rapa (French Polynesia); eastern Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea migrant). Introduced at Canary Islands. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fasciatus, Plectropoma Costa [O. G.] 1844:Plectropoma p. 1, Pl. 6 [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] [Napoli] Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Perca fasciata Forsskål 1775 in Epinephelus. •Synonym of Epinephelus costae (Steindachner 1878) -- (Heemstra 1991:26 [ref. 19323], Heemstra & Randall 1993:134 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Randall 2020:65 [ref. 37354]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus costae (Steindachner 1878). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

forskael, Holocentrus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:337, 377 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] Ras Muhammad, southern Sinai, Egypt, Red Sea, 27°44'N 34°15'E. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot 1970:49, 58 [ref. 20740]. Unnecessary replacement name for Perca fasciata Forsskål 1775. •Objective synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:99 [ref. 29757] as forsskael, Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

geometricus, Serranus De Vis [C. W.] 1884:144 [Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 17384] Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Syntypes: QM I.10140-41 (1, 1). •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:494 [ref. 12442], Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Hoese et al. 2006:1011 [ref. 28999], Parenti & Randall 2020:68 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

maculata, Perca Forster [J. R.] in Lichtenstein 1844:220 [Descriptiones animalium quae in itinere ad Maris Australis; ref. 17531] St. Christian Island, Waitako [= Vaitahu, Tahuata Island, Marquesas Islands]. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Perca maculata Bloch 1792 (and also secondarily preoccupied in Epinephelus by Holocentrus maculatus Bloch 1790). Lichtenstein (editor, p. 220, footnote) treats as a synonym of "Perca miniata Forsk. Faun. orient. p. 41", "Bodianus miniatus Bl. Sch. p. 332", and "Serranus variolosus Cuv. Val. II. p. 265." •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

marginalis, Epinephelus Bloch [M. E.] 1793:14, Pl. 328 (fig. 1) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] East India. Holotype (unique): ZMB 5224 (right skin). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:135 [ref. 24282]. On p. 12 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. Holocentrus marginatus Lacepède 1802:384 [ref. 4929] is an incorrect subsequent spelling. Lacepède 1802:384 refers only to "Bloch, pl. 328, fig. 1." See Holocentrus marginatus Shaw 1803:566 [ref. 4014], an unjustified emendation and objective synonym of Epinephelus marginalis Bloch 1793. •Valid as Epinephelus marginalis Bloch 1793 -- (Fricke et al. 2011:384 [ref. 31242]). •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227] as marginatus, Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Randall 1995:130 [ref. 22896], Randall 2005:156 [ref. 28239], Hoese et al. 2006:1011 [ref. 28999], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

marginatus, Holocentrus Shaw [G.] 1803:566 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] East India. Holotype (unique): ZMB 5224 (right skin). An unjustified emendation and objective synonym of Epinephelus marginalis Bloch 1793. Shaw 1803 referred to "Epinephelus marginalis Bloch" but intentionally changed name to Holocentrus marginatus. Also see Holocentrus marginatus Lacepède 1802. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354]). Unjustified Emend.. Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

oceanicus, Holocentrus Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1802:345, 389, Pl. 7 (fig. 3) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] [Grand Océan] Indo-West Pacific, Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Commerson specimens: MNHN A-5734 (2) Mauritius, 7295 (1) Mauritius. Type catalog: Bauchot 1970:49 [ref. 20740], Bauchot et al. 1984:16 [ref. 19232]. Based on description and illustration in manuscript by Commerson (Philibert Commerson, 1727-1773, French explorer and naturalist). •Valid as Epinephelus oceanicus (Lacepède 1802) -- (Fricke et al. 2009:46 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2013:256 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2018:152 [ref. 35805]). •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227], Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Fricke 1999:184 [ref. 24106], Golani & Fricke 2018:62 [ref. 36273], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354], Heemstra 2022:55 [ref. 39742]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Mozambique channel, Mascarenes, etc. [if valid]. Habitat: brackish, marine.

retouti, Epinephelus Bleeker [P.] 1868:339 [Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen. Afdeeling Natuurkunde (Ser. 2) v. 2; ref. 17062] Réunion, western Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): RMNH 5415. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227]). •Valid as Epinephelus retouti Bleeker 1868 -- (Randall & Heemstra 1986:51 [ref. 9721], Heemstra & Randall 1986:531 [ref. 5667], Winterbottom et al. 1989:25 [ref. 13251], Lee 1990:53 [ref. 19830], Randall & Heemstra 1991:245 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:224 [ref. 21042], Randall 1995:135 [ref. 22896], Myers 1999:115 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:197 [ref. 24106], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2520 [ref. 24815], Allen 2000:86 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:715 [ref. 25086], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:610 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:491 [ref. 25191], Nakabo 2002:715 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S104 [ref. 27377], Randall et al. 2004:12 [ref. 27624], Heemstra et al. 2004:3319 [ref. 27945], Randall 2005:162 [ref. 28239], Randall et al. 2005:120 [ref. 28745], Hoese et al. 2006:1018 [ref. 28999], Fricke et al. 2009:47 [ref. 30213], Fricke et al. 2011:385 [ref. 31242], Craig et al. 2011:222 [ref. 31786], Hata & Motomura 2016:1 [ref. 35078], Fricke et al. 2018:153 [ref. 35805], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Parenti & Randall 2020:79 [ref. 37354], Akhilesh et al. 2021:53 [ref. 38701], Durville et al. 2021:311 [ref. 38802], Furuhashi & Motomura 2022:8 [ref. 39607], Heemstra 2022:69 [ref. 39742]). Current status: Valid as Epinephelus retouti Bleeker 1868. Epinephelidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Marshall Islands, Line Islands and Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia and Tonga. Habitat: marine.

rosmarus, Holocentrus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:345, 389, Pl. 7 (fig. 2) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] No locality stated. Commerson specimens: MNHN A-5726 (1, dry) Indian seas, A-5736 (2, dry) Indian seas, A-7689 (1, dry) Mauritius. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:16-17 [ref. 19232] with syntypes; the drawn specimen is the holotype if identifiable. Based on Commerson drawing. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227] as rosemarus, Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Fricke 1999:184 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354], Heemstra 2022:55 [ref. 39742]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

spiramen, Epinephelus Whitley [G. P.] 1945:25 [Australian Zoologist v. 11 (pt 1); ref. 4707] 30 miles north of Carnarvon, Western Australia. Holotype (unique): WAM P.2796-001 (head only). Type catalog: Hutchins & Smith 1991:19 [ref. 19335], Moore et al. 2008:20 [ref. 30117]. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Paxton et al. 1989:494 [ref. 12442], Randall & Heemstra 1991:248 [ref. 19601], Hoese et al. 2006:1011 [ref. 28999]). •Synonym of Epinephelus rivulatus (Valenciennes 1830) -- (Heemstra & Randall 1993:225 [ref. 21042], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2521 [ref. 24815], Parenti & Randall 2020:79 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus rivulatus (Valenciennes 1830). Epinephelidae. Habitat: marine.

subfasciatus, Serranus De Vis [C. W.] 1884:389 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 2); ref. 1090] Cardwell, Queensland, Australia. No types known. •Status uncertain -- (Paxton et al. 1989:508 [ref. 12442]). •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Randall & Heemstra 1991:147 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Hoese et al. 2006:1011 [ref. 28999], Parenti & Randall 2020:68 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

tsirimenara, Serranus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1843:7, Pl. 4A (fig. 3) [Fauna Japonica Part 1; ref. 4370] Japan. Lectotype: RMNH D64 (stuffed). Paralectotypes: RMNH D62-D63 and D65 (3, stuffed), 114 (2), 2754 (1); ZMB 5216 [ex RMNH] (1, stuffed). Type catalog: Paepke 2001:331 [ref. 25566]. Originally as Tsirimen-ara, correction mandatory. Lectotype selected by Boeseman 1947:23 [ref. 12876]. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227], Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

variolosus, Serranus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828:354 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 2; ref. 997] ?Tahiti, Society Islands. Possible types: BMNH 1979.6.13.4-5 (2) Marqueses, Cook's second voyage. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:48-49 [ref. 19232]. Based on a Forster drawing. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227], Randall & Heemstra 1991:146 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Fricke 1999:184 [ref. 24106], Parenti & Randall 2020:67 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

zapyrus, Epinephelus Seale [A.] 1906:36, Fig. 11 [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 4 (no. 1); ref. 3999] Tubuai, Austral Islands [Tubuai Islands], French Polynesia. Holotype (unique): BPBM 761. •Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith 1990:699 [ref. 18227], Randall & Heemstra 1991:147 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:150 [ref. 21042], Parenti & Randall 2020:68 [ref. 37354]). Current status: Synonym of Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål 1775). Epinephelidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.