Species that contain: Scomber and scomber [ 196 ] records

aculeatus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:51, Pl. 336 (fig. 1) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Mediterranean Sea. On p. 43 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Hypacanthus amia (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:230 [ref. 7106]). •Synonym of Lichia amia (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:377 [ref. 7198], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:740 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Lichia amia (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Trachinotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

adscensionis, Scomber Osbeck [P.] 1771:94 [A voyage to China and the East Indies v. 1-2; ref. 18499] Ascension Island. See Smith-Vaniz & Randall 1994 [ref. 21632] and Opinion 1841 in which the name was placed on the Official Index -- cited as a synonym from a pre-1758 publication. •Synonym of Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198]). •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Block & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2493 [ref. 34618], Smith-Vaniz 2022:56 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

alalunga, Scomber Cetti [F.] 1777:191, Pl. (opposite p. 28) [Anfibi e pesci di Sardegna; ref. 18872] Sardinia, Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Forgotten name. •In the synonymy of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:99 [ref. 13640], Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

alalunga, Scomber Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Cetti) 1788:139 [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Sardinia, Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Based on Cetti 1777:191, pl. (opposite p. 28) [ref. 18872]. Species epithet misspelled alalonga by Cuvier 1831:146 [ref. 30376]. •Valid as Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:97 [ref. 13640], Postel 1973:468 [ref. 7208], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:270 [ref. 7348], Collette & Nauen 1983:81 [ref. 5375], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:274 [ref. 9277], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:226 [ref. 6441], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:995 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:837 [ref. 5647], Robins & Ray 1986:262 [ref. 23100], Allen & Swainston 1988:142 [ref. 25477], Scott & Scott 1988:456 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:231 [ref. 24556], Winterbottom et al. 1989:65 [ref. 13251], McAllister 1990:180 [ref. 14674], Randall et al. 1990:448 [ref. 15987], Collette 1990:991 [ref. 19476], Cervigón 1992:418 [ref. 23827], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:172 [ref. 25472], Cervigón 1994:257 [ref. 24488], Gomon et al. 1994:826 [ref. 22532], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1539 [ref. 22830], Khalaf et al. 1996:405 [ref. 23175], Santos et al. 1997:108 [ref. 23531], Allen 1997:230 [ref. 23977], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:274 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:587 [ref. 24023], Arruda 1997:101 [ref. 24952], Randall et al. 1997:448 [ref. 25919], Anderson et al. 1998:28 [ref. 23611], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:398 [ref. 24555], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Fricke 1999:566 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:333 [ref. 25013], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:644 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1349 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:480 [ref. 25191], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:40 [ref. 25650], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Collette 2001:3752 [ref. 26305], Collette et al. 2001:3 [ref. 25629], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:145 [ref. 26753], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:809 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:1349 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 675 [ref. 26218], Collette 2003:1853 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:13 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495] dated 1789, Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:103 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S30 [ref. 28536], Smith et al. 2003:68 [ref. 27621], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:421 [ref. 28072], Heemstra et al. 2004:3331 [ref. 27945], Lobel & Lobel 2004:77 [ref. 27576], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Pequeño 2004:96 [ref. 28123], Randall et al. 2004:30 [ref. 27624], Golani 2005:61 [ref. 37112], Love et al. 2005:168 [ref. 37547], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:784 [ref. 28815], Mundy 2005:507 [ref. 28379], Vaske et al. 2005:78 [ref. 36155], Bray et al. 2006:1777 [ref. 29091], Fricke et al. 2007:111 [ref. 29533], Gomon 2008:788 [ref. 30616], Fricke et al. 2009:112 [ref. 30213], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:70 [ref. 36649], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Page et al. 2013:182 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:135 [ref. 32972], Larson et al. 2013:219 [ref. 32988], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:84 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:515 [ref. 33547], Fricke et al. 2014:188 [ref. 33932], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Roberts 2015:1634 [ref. 34193], Pinheiro et al. 2015:32 [ref. 34324], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2911 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565] with author as Bonaterre, Kells et al. 2016:318 [ref. 35888], Fricke et al. 2018:364 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:171 [ref. 36273], Martins & Carneiro 2018:67 [ref. 36550], Brown et al. 2019:173 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:93 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:169 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Fricke et al. 2019:312 [ref. 36673], Collette & Graves 2019:225 [ref. 37341], Reiner 2019:281 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:84 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:94 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:83 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:36 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:212 [ref. 39279], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:442 [ref. 38945], Collette 2022:286 [ref. 40167], Fermon et al. 2022:214 [ref. 39448], Simian et al. 2022:376 [ref. 40776], Carvalho-Filho 2023:252 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, South China Sea, Gulf of California/Mexico). Habitat: marine.

albacares, Scomber Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Sloane) 1788:140 [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Jamaica [Caribbean Sea]. No types known. Based on 'Albacore sive Thynnus' of Sloane 1707:11-12, Fig. 1 [ref. 39452]. •Valid as Thynnus albacares (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Dor 1984:264 [ref. 29757]). •Valid as Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:102 [ref. 13640], Postel 1973:469 [ref. 7208], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:273 [ref. 7348], Collette & Nauen 1983:83 [ref. 5375], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:274 [ref. 9277], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:226 [ref. 6441], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:995 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:837 [ref. 5647], Robins & Ray 1986:262 [ref. 23100], Allen & Swainston 1988:142 [ref. 25477], Scott & Scott 1988:457 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:230 [ref. 24556], Winterbottom et al. 1989:66 [ref. 13251], McAllister 1990:180 [ref. 14674], Randall et al. 1990:448 [ref. 15987], Collette 1990:992 [ref. 19476], Boschung 1992:169 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:418 [ref. 23827], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:173 [ref. 25472], Cervigón 1994:258 [ref. 24488], Gomon et al. 1994:827 [ref. 22532], Allen & Robertson 1994:277 [ref. 22193], Goren & Dor 1994:70 [ref. 25356], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1540 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:375 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:519 [ref. 27969], Santos et al. 1997:108 [ref. 23531], Allen 1997:230 [ref. 23977], Allen & Robertson 1997:833 [ref. 41086], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:274 [ref. 24545], Carpenter et al. 1997:226 [ref. 23922], Arruda 1997:101 [ref. 24952], Randall et al. 1997:448 [ref. 25919], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:399 [ref. 24555], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Miyabe & Bayliff 1998:129 [ref. 25507], Fricke 1999:566 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:333 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25466], Johnson 1999:751 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:29 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:94 [ref. 37268], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:644 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1350 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:480 [ref. 25191], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Collette 2001:3753 [ref. 26305], Collette et al. 2001:3 [ref. 25629], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:178 [ref. 26753], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:810 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:1350 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 675 [ref. 26218], Collette et al. 2003:125 [ref. 26784], Collette 2003:1854 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:14 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:103 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S30 [ref. 28536], Lobel & Lobel 2004:77 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:30 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:421 [ref. 28072], Pequeño 2004:96 [ref. 28123], Love et al. 2005:168 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:507 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:785 [ref. 28815], Vaske et al. 2005:78 [ref. 36155], Bray et al. 2006:1777 [ref. 29091], Wirtz et al. 2007:41 [ref. 30263], Randall 2007:450 [ref. 30952], Gomon 2008:789 [ref. 30616], Béarez & Séret 2009:151 [ref. 36646], Fricke et al. 2009:112 [ref. 30213], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Page et al. 2013:182 [ref. 32708], Fricke et al. 2013:272 [ref. 32706], Wirtz et al. 2013:135 [ref. 32972], Larson et al. 2013:219 [ref. 32988], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:84 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:515 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Psomadakis et al. 2015:317 [ref. 34104], Roberts 2015:1635 [ref. 34193], Pinheiro et al. 2015:33 [ref. 34324], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2912 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:107 [ref. 35333], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565] with author as Bonaterre, Kells et al. 2016:318 [ref. 35888], Motomura et al. 2017:215 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:364 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:171 [ref. 36273], Martins & Carneiro 2018:66 [ref. 36550], Brown et al. 2019:173 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:93 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:170 [ref. 37250], Eagderi et al. 2019:105 [ref. 37020], Hoschke et al. 2019:160 [ref. 36626], Reiner 2019:281 [ref. 38139], Zajonz et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36871], Collette & Graves 2019:232 [ref. 37341], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:574 [ref. 37272], Durville et al. 2021:315 [ref. 38802], Eduardo et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38817], Michailidis et al. 2021:645 [ref. 38798], Love et al. 2021:212 [ref. 39279], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:443 [ref. 38945], Collette 2022:287 [ref. 40167], Fermon et al. 2022:214 [ref. 39448], Zajonz et al. 2022:253 [ref. 40522], Carvalho-Filho 2023:253 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:268 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, South China Sea, Gulf of California/Mexico). Habitat: marine.

albacorus, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1800:599 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] Bassin des Antilles [Jamaica, Caribbean Sea]. Unnecessary replacement name for Scomber albacares Bonnaterre 1788. Also in Lacepède 1801:48 [ref. 2710]. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:286, 385 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473]. •In the synonymy of Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:102 [ref. 13640], Postel 1973:498 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:83 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:992 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae.

albicans, Scomber Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:216 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Eastern Atlantic off West Africa at 4°40'N; Sardinia, Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Based on three sources, 'Albekor' of Osbeck 1765: 90 [ref. 19361], 'Alba coretta Pisonis' of Willughby 1686:App. 5, 16, Pl. M5 (fig. 1) and Pl. 9 (fig. 1) [ref. 30164], and 'Alalunga' of Cetti 1777:191, pl. (opposite p. 28) [ref. 18872]. •Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Collette 2003:13 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

albus, Scomber Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1334 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Luhayya, Yemen, or Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, or Suez, Red Sea. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P46441 (dry skin). Unneeded new name for Scomber djedaba Forsskål 1775. •Synonym of Alepes djedaba (Fabricius 1775) -- (Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]). Current status: Synonym of Alepes djedaba (Fabricius 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

alletteratus, Scomber Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:46, Pl. 2 (fig. 3) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] [Palermo] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Spelled aletteratus on plate. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:23 [ref. 3595] as Scomber aletteratus. Spellings alleteratus and alliteratus are regarded as misspellings. •Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810) -- (Postel 1973:470 [ref. 7208]). •Valid as Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:34 [ref. 5375], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:421 [ref. 14275], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:985 [ref. 13676], Robins & Ray 1986:261 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:449 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:179 [ref. 14674], Collette 1990:980 [ref. 19476], Boschung 1992:168 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:415 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1994:244 [ref. 24488], Randall 1995:373 [ref. 22896], Murdy et al. 1997:184 [ref. 23144], Arruda 1997:100 [ref. 24952], Aguilera 1998:52 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:330 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25466], Collette et al. 2001:3 [ref. 25629], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:141 [ref. 26753], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:518 [ref. 26158], Collette 2003:1845 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:4 [ref. 27312], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:102 [ref. 27192] as alleteratus, Parin 2003:S28 [ref. 28536], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:415 [ref. 28072], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Golani 2005:60 [ref. 37112], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:777 [ref. 28815], Fricke 2007:27 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:179 [ref. 30517], Randall 2007:448 [ref. 30952], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:69 [ref. 36649], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:134 [ref. 32972], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:83 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:511 [ref. 33547], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2904 [ref. 34618], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565], Golani & Fricke 2018:170 [ref. 36273], Martins & Carneiro 2018:62 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Brown et al. 2019:173 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:167 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Parenti 2019:101 [ref. 37117], Collette & Graves 2019:53 [ref. 37341], Reiner 2019:278 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:82 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Robertson et al. 2020:161 [ref. 38098], Bañón & Maño 2021:94 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:83 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:436 [ref. 38945], Fermon et al. 2022:213 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:249 [ref. 40480], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:116 [ref. 40726], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque 1810). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada) south to southern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

amarui, Scomber Curtiss [A.] 1938:58 [A short zoology of Tahiti in the Society islands; ref. 18057] Open sea off Tautira, Tahiti, Society Islands. No types known. •Synonym of Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier 1832) -- (Collette 2003:2 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier 1832). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

amia, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] 1758:299 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] No locality [= Europe]. No types known. •Valid as Hypacanthus amia (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:230 [ref. 7106]). •Valid as Lichia amia (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:377 [ref. 7198], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:831 [ref. 13676], Smith-Vaniz 1986:652 [ref. 5718], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:315 [ref. 6207], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:740 [ref. 18644], Bauchot in Lévêque et al. 1992:681 [ref. 21590], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:158 [ref. 25472], Arruda 1997:83 [ref. 24952], Afonso et al. 1999:84 [ref. 25466], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:84 [ref. 26753], Falcón et al. 2003:145 [ref. 39343], Parin 2003:S7 [ref. 28536], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:308 [ref. 28072], Golani 2005:40 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:84 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:92 [ref. 30517], Wirtz et al. 2007:32 [ref. 30263], Fricke 2008:33 [ref. 30182], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:44 [ref. 36649], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Parin et al. 2014:361 [ref. 33547], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2491 [ref. 34618], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:253 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:195 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:61 [ref. 37515], Freyhof et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37614], Kovačić et al. 2020:36 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:83 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:50 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:45 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:239 [ref. 39448], Smith-Vaniz 2022:54 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Valid as Lichia amia (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Trachinotinae. Distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay south to South Africa, including Madeira, and São Tomé and Principe; western Indian Ocean: South Africa north to Mozambique. Habitat: brackish, marine.

antarcticus, Scomber Castelnau [F. L.] 1872:106 [Proceedings of the Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria, Melbourne v. 1; ref. 757] Melbourne market, Victoria, Australia. Holotype (unique): MNHN B-2125 (dry, mounted, poor condition). Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:373 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:450, Figs. 22-23 [ref. 20804], Collette 1966:363 [ref. 14641]. •Synonym of Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:55 [ref. 5375], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Bray et al. 2006:1774 [ref. 29091], Collette & Graves 2019:121 [ref. 37341]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

antilliarum, Caranx Bennett [F. D.] 1840:282 [Narrative of a whaling voyage round the globe v. 2; ref. 260] Unneeded new name for Scomber carangus Bloch 1793. •Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:311 [ref. 6207], Smith-Vaniz & Carpenter 2007:219 [ref. 29160]). Current status: Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

argenteus, Leiognathus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:448, 449 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Holotype (unique): ZMB 8756 (dry). Type catalog: Bauchot & Desoutter 1989:34 [ref. 15502]. The name equula is Latin for a young horse, the name does not decline (Kottelat 2013:340). Unneeded new name for Scomber edentulus Bloch 1795. •Synonym of Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Fricke 1999:260 [ref. 24106]). •Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kottelat 2013:339 [ref. 32989] with question, Chakrabarty & Sparks 2022:425 [ref. 39869]). Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

ascensionis, Scomber Shaw [G.] 1803:593 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Ascension Island. ▌Unneeded new name for Scomber glaucus Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758) Current status: Synonym of Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Trachinotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

atun, Scomber Euphrasen [B. A.] 1791:315 [Kongliga Vetenskaps-Academiens Handlingar, Stockholm v. 12 (for 1791); ref. 17468] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. No types known. •Valid as Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Nakamura 1986:828 [ref. 5696], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:270 [ref. 14235], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:227 [ref. 24556], Nakamura in Amaoka et al. 1990:305 [ref. 16024], Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:170 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:816 [ref. 22532], Andrew et al. 1995:25 [ref. 38009], López et al. 1996:55 [ref. 23681], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:393 [ref. 24555], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:410 [ref. 28072], Bray & Hoese 2006:1759 [ref. 29049], Gomon 2008:779 [ref. 30616], Stewart 2015:1614 [ref. 34196], Nión et al. 2016:52 [ref. 35565], Sutton et al. 2020:261 [ref. 37832], Russell & van Oijen 2021:432 [ref. 38177], Heemstra 2022:260 [ref. 40162]). •Valid as Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Current status: Valid as Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae. Distribution: Southern circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

auratus, Scomber Houttuyn [M.] 1782:331 [Verhandelingen der Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, Haarlem v. 20 (pt 2); ref. 2220] Japan [Nagasaki]. No types known. •See Boeseman 1995:6 [ref. 21811]. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

aureus, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1800:599 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] No locality [Nagasaki, Japan]. No types known. Unnecessary replacement name for Scomber auratus Houttuyn 1782. Also appeared in Lacepède 1801:46 [ref. 2710]. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:286, 383 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473]. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

australasicus, Scomber Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:49 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] King George Sound, Western Australia, southeastern Indian Ocean. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-5312 (poor condition). Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:373 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:450, Fig. 23 [ref. 20804], Collette 1966:364 [ref. 14641]. •Valid as Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832 -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:246 [ref. 19754], Shirai in Amaoka et al. 1983:131, 204 [ref. 8379], Collette & Nauen 1983:55 [ref. 5375], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:224 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:543, 705 [ref. 8056], Paulin et al. 1989:229 [ref. 24556], Kuiter 1993:377 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:167 [ref. 25479], Gomon et al. 1994:824 [ref. 22532], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1535 [ref. 22830], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:514 [ref. 27969], Carpenter et al. 1997:225 [ref. 23922], Baker & Collette 1998:29 [ref. 23350], Johnson 1999:751 [ref. 25471], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1347 [ref. 25182], Collette 2001:3741 [ref. 26305] dated 1831, Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:1347 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 673 [ref. 26218], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Savinykh et al. 2004:658 [ref. 27937], Mundy 2005:506 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:450 [ref. 30952], Gomon 2008:786 [ref. 30616], Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Larson et al. 2013:218 [ref. 32988], Parin et al. 2014:513 [ref. 33547], Psomadakis et al. 2015:315 [ref. 34104], Roberts 2015:1633 [ref. 34193], Fourriére et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34668], Abdussamad et al. 2016:6 [ref. 34790], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Motomura et al. 2017:214 [ref. 35490], Golani & Fricke 2018:171 [ref. 36273], Matsuo & Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:277 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37020], Hoschke et al. 2019:160 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36871], Collette & Graves 2019:121 [ref. 37341], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:183 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:113 [ref. 37637], Kim et al. 2021:216 [ref. 39117], Collette 2022:281 [ref. 40167], Dewa et al. 2022:30 [ref. 40001], Zajonz et al. 2022:250 [ref. 40522], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-Pacific: Socotra (Yemen), Persian Gulf; northern Vietnam, Korea, Japan and Kuril Islands east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia) and New Zealand; Eastern Pacific: Revillagigedo Islands (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

bajad, Scomber ferdau var. Fabricius [J. C.] in Niebuhr (ex Forsskål) 1775:55 [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Locality not stated (Red Sea). Syntypes: ZMUC P46437-438 (dry skins, head of smaller one missing). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:62 [ref. 9588] as Scomber bajad, Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]. Type figured in Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:Pl. 25 [ref. 20847]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]. •Valid as Carangoides bajad (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:124 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:156 [ref. 6441], Goren & Dor 1994:33 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:176 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:426 [ref. 27969], Carpenter et al. 1997:157 [ref. 23922], Myers 1999:137 [ref. 23965], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2694 [ref. 24833], Nakabo 2000:805 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:615 [ref. 25122], Allen 2000:102 [ref. 25868], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:99 [ref. 26368], Nakabo 2002:805 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Adrim et al. 2004:120 [ref. 27715], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Allen & Erdmann 2012:429 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:81 [ref. 33932], Psomadakis et al. 2015:217 [ref. 34104], Motomura et al. 2017:107 [ref. 35490], Bogorodsky et al. 2017:6 [ref. 35534], Ali et al. 2018:322 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:180 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:83 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:47 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:144 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:75 [ref. 36871], Psomadakis et al. 2020:418 [ref. 37272], Zajonz et al. 2022:107 [ref. 40522]). •Valid as Carangoides bajad (Fabricius 1775) -- (Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182], Smith-Vaniz 2022:38 [ref. 39876]). •Valid as Flavocaranx bajad (Fabricius 1775) -- (Kimura et al. 2022:36 [ref. 38998], Yoshida et al. 2022:58 [ref. 40039]). Current status: Valid as Flavocaranx bajad (Fabricius 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen) and Madagascar east to Philippines and New Ireland (Papua New Guinea), north to Miyazaki Prefecture (southern Japan), south to Solomon Islands. Habitat: marine.

balantiophthalmus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:29 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Guinea. Holotype (unique): ZMB 1532. •Unneeded name change for Scomber crumenophthalmus Bloch 1793; objective synonym of Scomber crumenophthalmus Bloch 1793. •Synonym of Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch 1793) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:744 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

berbis, Equula Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:85 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Gulf of Suez, Red Sea, Egypt [Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea]. Neotype: HUJ 6204. Type catalog: Bauchot & Desoutter 1989:33 [ref. 15502]. Based on Scomber equula var minimus Forsskål 1775. Nomen protectum according to Fricke 2008:34 [ref. 30182]. Neotype designated by Suzuki & Kimura 2023:24 [ref. 40749]. •See Randall 1995:193 [ref. 22896]. •Nomen dubium -- (Chakrabarty et al. 2010:20 [ref. 30812]). •Valid as Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes 1835) -- (Dor 1984:134 [ref. 29757], Krishnan & Mishra 1993:225 [ref. 24016], Goren & Dor 1994:35 [ref. 25356], Woodland in Randall & Lim 2000:617 [ref. 25122], Woodland et al. 2001:2801 [ref. 26095], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:32 [ref. 27712], Fricke 2008:34 [ref. 30182], Alshawy et al. 2016:1 [ref. 35105], Fricke et al. 2018:191 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:88 [ref. 36273]). •Valid as Equulites berbis (Valenciennes 1835) -- (Kailola 1971:126 [ref. 39475], Suzuki & Kimura 2023:18 [ref. 40749]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Equulites berbis (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf, Saudi Arabia, east Africa and Madagascar, Iran, Pakistan, India, east to Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, China, Taiwan, north to Okinawa Island, Japan; Mediterranean Sea and Sea of Marmara (Red Sea immigrant). Habitat: brackish, marine.

bisus, Scomber Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:45, Pl. 2 (fig. 1) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicilia [Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea]. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:20 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810), subspecies rochei -- (Collette 2003:2 [ref. 27312], Collette & Aadland 1996:436 [ref. 22199]). •Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810) -- (Postel 1973:470 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:29 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:979 [ref. 19476], Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

botla, Scomber Shaw [G.] 1803:591 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Vizagapatam, India. Neotype: CAS-SU 14445. The name is available, based primarily on Russel's Fig. 142. Neotype designated by Smith-Vaniz & Walsh 2019:21 [ref. 36875]. •Synonym of Trachinotus russelii Cuvier 1832 -- (Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:322 [ref. 6207] as not available). •Valid as Trachinotus botla (Shaw 1803) -- (Smith-Vaniz 1986:659 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:74 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:586 [ref. 12442], Randall et al. 1990:168 [ref. 15987], Randall 1995:188 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:116 [ref. 23977], Randall et al. 1997:168 [ref. 25919], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2747 [ref. 24833], Kimura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:201 [ref. 27511], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Allen & Adrim 2003:38 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:314 [ref. 28072], Hoese & Gates 2006:1170 [ref. 28997], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:31 [ref. 31826], Smith-Vaniz & Carpenter 2014:[3] 545 [ref. 33922], Psomadakis et al. 2015:230 [ref. 34104], Fricke et al. 2018:188 [ref. 35805], Suresh et al. 2018:219 [ref. 36495], Smith-Vaniz & Walsh 2019:17 [ref. 36875], Zajonz et al. 2019:76 [ref. 36871], Psomadakis et al. 2020:433 [ref. 37272], Smith-Vaniz 2022:64 [ref. 39876], Zajonz et al. 2022:129 [ref. 40522]). Current status: Valid as Trachinotus botla (Shaw 1803). Carangidae: Trachinotinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen) and Madagascar east to east coast of India, Myanmar and Western Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

brachypterus, Thynnus Cuvier [G.] 1829:198 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:376 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:454-455, Fig. 32 [ref. 20804] with syntypes for 1831 publication; Collette 1966:370-371 [ref. 14641] with no types; Postel 1973:467 [ref. 7208] with lectotype and paralectotypes. In the section Thynnus but as Sc. [= Scomber] brachypterus; based on Rondelet 1554:245 and on Duhamel du Monceau 1769:Pl. 7 (fig. 5). Also appeared as Thynnus brachypterus in Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:98, Pl. 211 [ref. 1000], and based on specimens which later workers regarded as types. •Synonym of Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Postel 1973:476 [ref. 7208]). •Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793) -- (Collette & Chao 1975:607 [ref. 5573], Collette & Nauen 1983:53 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:985 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

brachysoma, Scomber Bleeker [P.] 1851:356 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 326] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Holotype (unique): RMNH 6040. Type catalog: Boeseman 1964:462, Fig. 1 [ref. 20805]. Also in Bleeker 1852:34 [ref. 332]. •Valid as Rastrelliger brachysoma (Bleeker 1851) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:247 [ref. 19754], Collette & Nauen 1983:46 [ref. 5375], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:507 [ref. 27969], Mishra et al. 1999:89 [ref. 25315], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Collette 2001:3737 [ref. 26305], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312], Kimura 2009:312 [ref. 30426], Larson et al. 2013:218 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:204 [ref. 34464], Muto et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 35081], Motomura et al. 2017:213 [ref. 35490], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:571 [ref. 37272], Collette & Graves 2019:89 [ref. 37341], Taki et al. 2021:398 [ref. 39830], Vilasri et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Rastrelliger brachysoma (Bleeker 1851). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Myanmar and Andaman Sea east to Vietnam and Fiji. Habitat: marine.

brevipinnis, Thynnus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:112, Pl. 213 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Nice, Département des Alpes-Maritimes, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-5810. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:377 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:455-456 [ref. 20804], Collette 1966:372 [ref. 14641]. •Synonym of Scomber quadripunctatus Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1817 -- (Postel 1973:471 [ref. 7208]). •Synonym of Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:34 [ref. 5375], Collette 2003:4 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque 1810). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

caeruleoalbus, Scomber Osbeck [P.] 1765:95 [Reise nach Ostindien und China; ref. 3311] Atlantic between Canary Islands and equator off West Africa, at 2°49'N. No types known. Original spelling Scomber caeruleo albus (but judging from the typeset the species epithet was meant to be caeruleo-albus). •Synonym of Gasterosteus ductor Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758) -- (current placement). Current status: Synonym of Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Habitat: marine.

calcar, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:55, Pl. 336 (fig. 2) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] No locality [not Acara, Guinea in eastern Atlantic]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 1479. Possible types: ZMB 1479 (1). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:53 [ref. 24282]. On p. 46 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Questionably a synonym of Oligoplites saliens (Bloch 1793) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:218 [ref. 7106]). •Valid as Oligoplites calcar (Bloch 1793) -- (Paepke 1999:53 [ref. 24282]). •Synonym of Oligoplites saliens (Bloch 1793) -- (W. Smith-Vaniz, 13 July 2004). Current status: Synonym of Oligoplites saliens (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Scomberoidinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

canagurta, Scomber Cuvier [G.] 1829:197 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Vizagapatam, India. No types known. Available from footnote as, "Sc. canagurta, N., Russel, 136" [Kanagurta of Russell, 1803:Pl. 136]; in 1816 Cuvier spelled kanagurta. •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:48 [ref. 5375], Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

capensis, Scomber Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:35 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. No types known. Based on description in manuscript by Forster (Johann Reinhold Forster, 1729-1798, German explorer and naturalist of Cook's second voyage). Needs more study; appeared in the account of Scomber carolinus (Linnaeus 1758); perhaps this is available from Forster 1801 (or Forster and Schlegel), and apparently not the same as Scomber capensis Cuvier 1832. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

capensis, Scomber Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:56 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. MNHN (not found). Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:374 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:450 [ref. 20804], Collette 1966:364 [ref. 14641]. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1986:835 [ref. 5647], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312]east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.)). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

carangus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:69, Pl. 340 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Antilles. Syntypes: ZMB 1542 (1). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:54 [ref. 24282]. On p. 58 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Caranx carangus (Bloch 1793) -- (Herrera 1896:46 [ref. 39336] with author as Linnaeus, Krishnan & Mishra 1994:291 [ref. 24014], Mishra et al. 1999:86 [ref. 25315], Khan 2003:9 [ref. 27710], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:30 [ref. 27712]). •Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:310 [ref. 6207], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:732 [ref. 18644], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:823 [ref. 20764], Smith-Vaniz & Carpenter 2007:219 [ref. 29160], Kottelat 2013:333 [ref. 32989], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2477 [ref. 34618]). Current status: Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

chloris, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:67, Pl. 339 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Coast of Guinea, Coast of America. Syntypes: ZMB 1611-12 (1, 1), 8738 (, dry, missing). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:54 [ref. 24282]. On p. 56 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:313 [ref. 6207], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:735 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

chrysozonus, Scomber Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1836:37, Pl. 11 (fig. 1) [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Lectotype: SMF 487. Paralectotypes: SMF 6781 (1). Lectotype established (on Klausewitz) by Dor 1984:263 [ref. 29757] if not designated earlier. •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:48 [ref. 5375], Dor 1984:263 [ref. 29757], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:988 [ref. 13676], Collette 2001:3739 [ref. 26305] dated 1817, Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312], Golani & Fricke 2018:170 [ref. 36273], Collette 2022:279 [ref. 40167]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

chrysurus, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] (ex Garden) 1766:494 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina [South Carolina, U.S.A.]. Syntypes: LS 131-134 (4, half skins). Type information: Goode & Bean 1885:204 [ref. 1841], Wheeler 1985:55-56 [ref. 20705]. Based on 'Yellowtail' in manuscript description, and 2 specimens sent by A. Garden [South Carolina]. •Valid as Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:337 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:162 [ref. 23100], Smith-Vaniz 1986:649 [ref. 5718], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:313 [ref. 6207], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:735 [ref. 18644], Bauchot in Lévêque et al. 1992:676 [ref. 21590], Boschung 1992:131 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:286 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:71 [ref. 24474], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:157 [ref. 25472], Murdy et al. 1997:164 [ref. 23144], González Bencomo et al. 1997:158 [ref. 24960], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:281 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:239 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:84 [ref. 25466], Keith et al. 2000:94 [ref. 24547], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:160 [ref. 27754], Camargo & Isaac 2001:141 [ref. 27639], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1444 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:80 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:31 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:140 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:281 [ref. 28815], Wirtz et al. 2007:32 [ref. 30263], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Di Dario et al. 2013:263 [ref. 37503], Page et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:173 [ref. 32953], Catelani et al. 2014:932 [ref. 37496], Fabiano et al. 2014:9 [ref. 33530], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:48 [ref. 33341], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2483 [ref. 34618], Nión et al. 2016:47 [ref. 35565], Marceniuk et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35324], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36407], Spier et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36103], Reiner 2019:193 [ref. 38139], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Kovačić et al. 2021:68 [ref. 39014], Marceniuk in Marceniuk et al. 2021:344 [ref. 38945], Fermon et al. 2022:238 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:140 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:112 [ref. 40726], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505], Vieira et al. 2023:16 [ref. 40759]). Current status: Valid as Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) and Bermuda south to northern Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Mauritania south to Angola, including Cape Verde Islands and São Tomé and Principe. IUCN (2017): Least concern. Habitat: brackish, marine.

clupeoides, Scomber Richardson [J.] (ex Solander) 1843:26 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 11 (nos 67-8, 71-2); ref. 13395] Southern Ocean near Motuaro [? Motuari, Gambier Islands]. No types known. •Questionable as Trachurus clupeoides (Richardson 1843). Current status: Uncertain as Trachurus clupeoides (Richardson 1843). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

colias, Scomber Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1329 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Sardinia, Italy, western Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:49 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Postel 1973:466 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:991 [ref. 13676], Scott & Scott 1988:452 [ref. 25518], Collette 1990:986 [ref. 19476], Collette 2001:3742 [ref. 26305], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:143 [ref. 26753], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536], Golani 2005:61 [ref. 37112], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:70 [ref. 36649]). •Valid as Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:30 [ref. 39147] misidentified, Collette 1999:163 [ref. 23936], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:332 [ref. 25013], Fricke 1999:48 [ref. 24101], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:52 [ref. 26158], Collette 2003:1848 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Falcón et al. 2003:146 [ref. 39343], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:419 [ref. 28072], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:780 [ref. 28815], Fricke et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:180 [ref. 30517], Wirtz et al. 2007:41 [ref. 30263], Fricke 2008:56 [ref. 30182], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:83 [ref. 33341], Parin et al. 2014:513 [ref. 33547], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2908 [ref. 34618], Abdussamad et al. 2016:6 [ref. 34790], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565], Fricke et al. 2018:363 [ref. 35805], Martins & Carneiro 2018:59 [ref. 36550], Spier et al. 2018:16 [ref. 36103], Almeida & Alves 2019:272 [ref. 37509], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Brown et al. 2019:173 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:168 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Collette & Graves 2019:126 [ref. 37341], Reiner 2019:280 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:83 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:94 [ref. 38887]. Golani 2021:83 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014]east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), Fermon et al. 2022:213 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:250 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada) south to northern Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic; southwestern Indian Ocean: South Africa to southern Madagascar. Habitat: brackish, marine.

commerson, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1800:598, 600, Pl. 20 (fig. 1) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] No locality stated. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961 [ref. 20733] and Blanc & Bauchot 1964:444, Figs. 4-7 [ref. 20804] as "neosyntypes"; Collette 1966:369 [ref. 14641] recognized that they were not types. Based on a Commerson drawing. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:283, 287 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473]. As Scomber commersoni in Bloch & Schneider 1801:545 [ref. 471], Scomber commersonii in Shaw 1803:589, and Cybium commersonii in Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831. •Valid as Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède 1800) -- (Postel 1973:473 [ref. 7208], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:286 [ref. 7348] as commersoni, Kyushin et al. 1977:316 [ref. 19756] as commersoni, Collette & Russo 1980:249 [ref. 8727], Kyushin et al. 1982:248 [ref. 19754], Collette & Nauen 1983:63 [ref. 5375], Collette & Russo 1985:622 [ref. 5221], Dor 1984:264 [ref. 29757], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:225 [ref. 6441], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:992 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:836 [ref. 5647], Allen & Swainston 1988:144 [ref. 25477], Winterbottom et al. 1989:65 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:448 [ref. 15987], Gomon et al. 1994:825 [ref. 22532], Goren & Dor 1994:70 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:375 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:515 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:232 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:225 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:159 [ref. 26476] as commersoni, Randall et al. 1997:448 [ref. 25919], Golani 1998:97 [ref. 27567], Myers 1999:278 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:565 [ref. 24106], Mishra & Srinivasan 1999:252 [ref. 24754], Johnson 1999:751 [ref. 25471], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1351 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:447 [ref. 25191], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:104 [ref. 26368], Collette 2001:3743 [ref. 26305] dated 1801, Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:145 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:1351 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 674 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:63 [ref. 26830], Collette 2003:10 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:212 [ref. 27510] dated 1801, Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:419 [ref. 28072], Randall et al. 2004:30 [ref. 27624], Golani 2005:61 [ref. 37112], Randall 2005:611 [ref. 28239], Bray et al. 2006:1775 [ref. 29091], Fricke et al. 2007:111 [ref. 29533], Gomon 2008:787 [ref. 30616], Fricke et al. 2009:112 [ref. 30213], Kimura 2009:312 [ref. 30426], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1041 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:218 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:204 [ref. 34464], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:430 [ref. 33460], Fricke et al. 2014:188 [ref. 33932], Psomadakis et al. 2015:316 [ref. 34104], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2915 [ref. 34618], Koeda et al. 2016:106 [ref. 35333], Motomura et al. 2017:215 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:341 [ref. 36183], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[22] 260 [ref. 36492], Fricke et al. 2018:363 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:171 [ref. 36273], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:278 [ref. 36460], Brown et al. 2019:173 [ref. 36444], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Eagderi et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:312 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:160 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36871], Collette & Graves 2019:157 [ref. 37341], Bariche & Fricke 2020:137 [ref. 37515], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:183 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:573 [ref. 37272], Golani 2021:83 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Taki et al. 2021:399 [ref. 39830], Collette 2022:283 [ref. 40167], Zajonz et al. 2022:251 [ref. 40522], Zeng et al. 2022:160 [ref. 40510], Ishikuro & Mizawa 2023:11 [ref. 40845], Vilasri et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède 1800). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Western Cape, eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar, western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Palau and Fiji, north to Korea and Aomori Prefecture (northern Japan), south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), New South Wales (Australia), Lord Howe Island (Australia) and New Zealand; southern central Atlantic: Saint Helena Island; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Habitat: marine.

cordyla, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] 1758:298 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] America [in error]. If Neotype is accepted: Riau, Selat Riau, Indonesia. Neotype: SMNS 3849. Spelled cordila by Bonnaterre 1788:139 [ref. 4940]. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:252 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. But Kottelat (2013) says it fulfills conditions of the Code. Freshwater record by Herre (1953:279) listed by Kottelat (2013). •Valid as Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:197 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:129 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:155 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz 1986:653 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:72 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:581 [ref. 12442], Randall et al. 1990:164 [ref. 15987], Gunn 1990:40 [ref. 20141], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:824 [ref. 20764], Goren & Dor 1994:34 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:183 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:441 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:114 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:163 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:66 [ref. 26476], Randall et al. 1997:164 [ref. 25919], Lin & Shao 1999:59 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:141 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:252 [ref. 24106], Mishra & Srinivasan 1999:245 [ref. 24754], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2726 [ref. 24833], Mishra et al. 1999:86 [ref. 25315], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:793 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:235 [ref. 25191], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:186 [ref. 25703], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:100 [ref. 26368], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:793 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:326, 605 [ref. 26218], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:31 [ref. 27712], Randall et al. 2004:15 [ref. 27624], Adrim et al. 2004:120 [ref. 27715], Randall 2005:234 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:370 [ref. 28379], Randall et al. 2005:122 [ref. 28745], Hoese & Gates 2006:1161 [ref. 28997], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Kimura 2009:123 [ref. 30425], Allen & Erdmann 2012:436 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:334 [ref. 32989], Yoshida et al. 2013:119 [ref. 34464], Psomadakis et al. 2015:225 [ref. 34104], Motomura et al. 2017:116 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:323 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:185 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:85 [ref. 36273], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:134 [ref. 36460], Suresh et al. 2018:207 [ref. 36495], Eagderi et al. 2019:50 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:127 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:428 [ref. 37272], Kim et al. 2021:146 [ref. 39117], Smith-Vaniz 2022:54 [ref. 39876], Vilasri et al. 2023:82 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa and Persian Gulf east to Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to southern Korea and southern Japan, south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Habitat: marine.

cordyla, Trachurus Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:124 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] This is apparently a new combination for Linnaeus' Scomber cordyla and not a new species proposal. Wheeler 1958:220 [ref. 13434] and 1989:217 [ref. 21873] treated as a new species proposal, wrongly with a holotype [BMNH 1853.11.12.93]. •Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wheeler 1958:220 [ref. 13434], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:732 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

coretta, Scomber Cuvier [G.] 1829:198 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Jamaica. No types known. Cuvier specimen: MNHN A-5380 (1) Martinique. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:377 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:456, Fig. 36 [ref. 20804], Collette 1966:372 [ref. 14641] incorrectly as holotype MNHN A-5380 from Martinique/ Usually dated to 1832 but available as Scomber coretta Cuvier 1829 from footnote as, "Sc. coretta, N., Sloane, Jam., I, i, 3." [on Sloane 1701:Pl. 1 (fig. 3)]. Also appeared as Thynnus coretta Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:102 [ref. 1000] with additional specimen MNHN A-5380 from Martinique, which is Thunnus atlanticus; however, the original description was based only on the figure from Sloane 1701 and is unidentifiable. •Synonym of Thunnus atlanticus (Lesson 1831) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:107 [ref. 13640], Collette & Nauen 1983:85 [ref. 5375]). •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

cosmopolita, Seriola Cuvier [G.] 1829:206 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Dans les deux Océans. Syntypes: ZMB 1611-12 (1, 1). Available as, "Seriola cosmopolita, N., Scomber chloris, Bl., 339." Also in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:219, Pl. 259 [ref. 1002]. •Valid as Seriola cosmopolita Cuvier 1829 -- (Herrera 1896:47 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus 1766). Current status: Synonym of Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

crumenophthalmus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:77, Pl. 343 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Acara [Accra, Ghana, Gulf of Guinea, eastern Atlantic]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 1532. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:54 [ref. 24282]. On p. 65 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. Species epithet misspelled crumenophtalmus by Cuvier 1831:153 [ref. 30376]. •Valid as Caranx crumenophthalmus (Bloch 1793) -- (Herrera 1896:46 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Trachurops crumenophthalmus (Bloch 1793) -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:33 [ref. 39147]). •Valid as Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch 1793) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:252 [ref. 19756], Kyushin et al. 1982:220 [ref. 19754], Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:330 [ref. 14275], Sheiko 1983:18 [ref. 37041], Dor 1984:131 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:154 [ref. 6441], Robins & Ray 1986:161 [ref. 23100], Smith-Vaniz 1986:656 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:74 [ref. 25477] as crumenthalmops, Scott & Scott 1988:378 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:583 [ref. 12442], Winterbottom et al. 1989:35 [ref. 13251], McAllister 1990:146 [ref. 14674], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:744 [ref. 18644], Gunn 1990:48 [ref. 20141], Randall et al. 1990:166 [ref. 15987], Boschung 1992:132 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:290 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:88 [ref. 24474], Krishnan & Mishra 1994:292 [ref. 24014], Allen & Robertson 1994:128 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:104 [ref. 23101], Goren & Dor 1994:35 [ref. 25356], Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al. 1995:973 [ref. 22829], Randall 1995:185 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:448 [ref. 27969], Allen & Robertson 1997:826 [ref. 41086], Cheng & Zhou 1997:269 [ref. 26385], Murdy et al. 1997:163 [ref. 23144], Allen 1997:116 [ref. 23977], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:91 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:368 [ref. 24023], Carpenter et al. 1997:165 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:65 [ref. 26476], Kuiter 1997:158 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:166 [ref. 25919], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:277 [ref. 24555], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:11 [ref. 24670], Lin & Shao 1999:60 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:141 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:255 [ref. 24106], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:275 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2736 [ref. 24833], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:243 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:74 [ref. 25466], Nakabo 2000:798 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:236 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:13 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:102 [ref. 25868], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:100 [ref. 26368], Kimura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:209 [ref. 27511], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:160 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1644 [ref. 25634], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:420 [ref. 26158], Nakabo 2002:798 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:326, 606 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:38 [ref. 26830] as crumenophthalma, Smith-Vaniz 2003:1455 [ref. 27083], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:81 [ref. 27192], Myers & Donaldson 2003:625 [ref. 27495], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:81 [ref. 27510], Parin 2003:S7 [ref. 28536], Smith et al. 2003:31 [ref. 27621], Randall et al. 2004:15 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:141 [ref. 27807], Heemstra et al. 2004:3323 [ref. 27945], Love et al. 2005:118 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:236 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:372 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:290 [ref. 28815], Hoese & Gates 2006:1166 [ref. 28997], Wirtz et al. 2007:33 [ref. 30263], Randall 2007:237 [ref. 30952], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:31 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:58 [ref. 30213], Kimura 2009:125 [ref. 30425], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:192 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:117 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:438 [ref. 31980], Page et al. 2013:145 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Larson et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32988], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:48 [ref. 33341], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:422 [ref. 33460], Fricke et al. 2014:83 [ref. 33932], Wirtz et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:362 [ref. 33547], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:6 [ref. 33988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:228 [ref. 34104], Pinheiro et al. 2015:18 [ref. 34324], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2494 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:458 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:609 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:38 [ref. 35333], Motomura et al. 2017:118 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:324 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:187 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:86 [ref. 36273], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:136 [ref. 36460], Suresh et al. 2018:214 [ref. 36495], Almeida & Alves 2019:269 [ref. 37509], Brown et al. 2019:168 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:254 [ref. 37250], Eagderi et al. 2019:52 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:148 [ref. 36673], González-Murcia et al. 2019:298 [ref. 36544], Reiner 2019:198 [ref. 38139], Bogorodsky et al. 2020:521 [ref. 38001], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 17 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:127 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:431 [ref. 37272], Robertson et al. 2020:152 [ref. 38098], Sonoyama et al. 2020:64 [ref. 37637], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Kimura in Motomura et al. 2021:29 [ref. 38121], Love et al. 2021:154 [ref. 39279], Marceniuk in Marceniuk et al. 2021:353 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:69 [ref. 39585], Fermon et al. 2022:239 [ref. 39448], Smith-Vaniz 2022:59 [ref. 39876], Zajonz et al. 2022:123 [ref. 40522], Carvalho-Filho 2023:144 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:213 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40981], Vilasri et al. 2023:82 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Caribbean Sea; Red Sea; Persian Gulf; Sea of Japan; Gulf of California/Mexico). Habitat: marine.

crysos, Scomber Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:424, Pl. 4 (fig. 2). [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York Bay, New York, U.S.A. No types known. Spelled chrysos on Pl. 4; first reviser not researched. Spelled chrysos by Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:98 [ref. 1002]. •Valid as Carangoides crysos (Mitchill 1815) -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:287 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:159 [ref. 27754], Rocha & Rosa 2001:990 [ref. 25909], Feitoza et al. 2003:68 [ref. 26943], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1439 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:80 [ref. 27192], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:276 [ref. 28815], Vaske et al. 2005:77 [ref. 36155], Vreven & Snoeks 2007:417 [ref. 30078], Wirtz et al. 2007:32 [ref. 30263], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Bañon et al. 2010:17 [ref. 31029], Carvalho-Filho 2023:137 [ref. 40480]). •Valid as Caranx crysos (Mitchill 1815) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:374 [ref. 7198], Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:331 [ref. 14275], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:823 [ref. 13676], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:310 [ref. 6207], Robins & Ray 1986:160 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:375 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:146 [ref. 14674], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:732 [ref. 18644], Bauchot in Lévêque et al. 1992:679 [ref. 21590], Boschung 1992:130 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:285 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:62 [ref. 24474], Andreata & Séret 1996:585 [ref. 16204], Swaby et al. 1996:543 [ref. 25524], Murdy et al. 1997:167 [ref. 23144], Santos et al. 1997:85 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:83 [ref. 24952], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Vacchi et al. 1999:326 [ref. 24369], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:237 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:73 [ref. 25466], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:83 [ref. 26753], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:413 [ref. 26158], Smith et al. 2003:31 [ref. 27621], Camargo & Isaac 2001:141 [ref. 27639], Nelson et al. 2004:140 [ref. 27807], Golani 2005:39 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:84 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:44 [ref. 36649], Page et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:123 [ref. 32972], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:47 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33516], Fabiano et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33530], Pinheiro et al. 2015:17 [ref. 34324], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2475 [ref. 34618], Robertson et al. 2016:145 [ref. 34961], Nión et al. 2016:47 [ref. 35565], Spier et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36103], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Brown et al. 2019:167 [ref. 36444], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Almeida & Alves 2019:269 [ref. 37509], Carneiro et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:190 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:59 [ref. 37515], Iglésias et al. 2020:294 [ref. 37987], Kovačić et al. 2020:36 [ref. 37519], Robertson et al. 2020:152 [ref. 38098], Bañón & Maño 2021:83 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:48 [ref. 38303], Iglésias et al. 2021:176 [ref. 38818], Marceniuk in Kovačić et al. 2021:45 [ref. 39014], Marceniuk et al. 2021:340 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:69 [ref. 39585], Fermon et al. 2022:237 [ref. 39448], Di Blasi et al. 2023:[2] [ref. 40620], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:128 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Caranx crysos (Mitchill 1815). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New Brunswick (Canada) south to Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic. Habitat: brackish, marine.

dekayi, Scomber Storer [D. H.] 1853:130, Pl. 11 (fig. 1) [Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (new series) v. 5 (pt 1, art. 8); ref. 18851] New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, to Carolina, U.S.A. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

delphinalis, Scomber Cuvier [G.] (ex Commerson) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:53 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Fort Dauphin, Madagascar. No types known. •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

dentatus, Scomber Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:24 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] New Zealand. No types known. Based on description in manuscript by Forster (Johann Reinhold Forster, 1729-1798, German explorer and naturalist of Cook's second voyage). •Synonym of Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769]). •Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

dentex, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:30 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Holotype (unique): ZMB 14112 (dry, stuffed). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:54 [ref. 24282]. See Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2006:102 [ref. 28900]. See Smith-Vaniz & Randall 1994 [ref. 21632] and Opinion 1841. Fricke 1999:253 [ref. 24106] dates this species to an 1800 edition of which only a fragment of the text remains (see Fricke p. 666) -- that edition should be placed on the Official Index of Rejected Works. •Valid as Caranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198], Nelson et al. 2004:140 [ref. 27807]). •Valid as Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:155 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:833 [ref. 13676], Smith-Vaniz 1986:654 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:74 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:582 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:61 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:184 [ref. 24556], Randall et al. 1990:164 [ref. 15987], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644], Kuiter 1993:176 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:161 [ref. 25479], Gomon et al. 1994:584 [ref. 22532], Allen 1997:114, 116 [ref. 23977], Santos et al. 1997:86 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:84 [ref. 24952], Kuiter 1997:162 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:164 [ref. 25919], Lin & Shao 1999:59 [ref. 23921], Fricke 1999:253 [ref. 24106], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2730 [ref. 24833], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:242 [ref. 25013], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:15 [ref. 25829], Nakabo 2000:804 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:235 [ref. 25191], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:85 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:804 [ref. 26001], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1454 [ref. 27083], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:81 [ref. 27192], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:304 [ref. 28072], Golani 2005:40 [ref. 37112], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:289 [ref. 28815], Mundy 2005:371 [ref. 28379], Randall 2005:234 [ref. 28239], Hoese & Gates 2006:1163 [ref. 28997], Fricke et al. 2007:84 [ref. 29533], Randall 2007:236 [ref. 30952], Smith-Vaniz 2008:577 [ref. 30654], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:57 [ref. 30213], Bañon et al. 2010:17 [ref. 31029], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:45 [ref. 36649], Motomura et al. 2010:116 [ref. 31256], Di Dario et al. 2013:263 [ref. 37503], Page et al. 2013:145 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Kim & Song 2014:341 [ref. 39489], Wirtz et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33516], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2493 [ref. 34618], Spier et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36103], Bearham et al. 2019:[B] [ref. 36963] as P. sp. "dentex", Brown et al. 2019:168 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:253 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:197 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:61 [ref. 37515], Kim et al. 2020:127 [ref. 39118], Kovačić et al. 2020:36 [ref. 37519], Sonoyama et al. 2020:64 [ref. 37637], Bañón & Maño 2021:83 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:50 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:46 [ref. 39014], Mochizuki et al. 2021:50 [ref. 38974], Farhana-Azmi et al. 2022:7 [ref. 40448], Fermon et al. 2022:239 [ref. 39448] possible, Smith-Vaniz 2022:56 [ref. 39876], Carvalho-Filho 2023:143 [ref. 40480], Ceríaco et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40710], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505], Tursi & Mastrototaro in Digenis et al. 2024:107 [ref. 40958]). Current status: Valid as Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal in warm temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Japan), but not in eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

diego, Scomber Ayres [W. O.] 1856:92 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 1) v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 18922] Santa Barbara Channel area, California, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1536 [ref. 22830], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:806 [ref. 25968], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

djedaba, Scomber Fabricius [J. C.] in Niebuhr (ex Forsskål) 1775:56, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea; Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; Suez, Egypt, Gulf of Suez, Red Sea. Surviving syntypes: ZMUC P46441 (1, dry skin). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:62 [ref. 9588], Fricke 2008:31 [ref. 30182]. ZMUC syntype figured as holotype in Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:Pl. 26 [ref. 20847]. Spelled djeddaba in Rüppell 1829:97 [ref. 3843]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:31 [ref. 30182]. Smith-Vaniz pers. communication 5/12/2016 says does not occur in Hawaiian Islands. •Valid as Selar djeddaba (Forsskål 1775) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:379 [ref. 7198]). •Valid as Caranx djedaba (Forsskål 1775) -- (Chen et al. 1997:64 [ref. 26476] as djeddaba, Cheng & Zhou 1997:268 [ref. 26385] as djeddaba, Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Kimura 2009:116 [ref. 30425]). •Valid as Alepes djedaba (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:213 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:123 [ref. 29757], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:821 [ref. 13676], Smith-Vaniz 1986:641 [ref. 5718], Coad 1991:26 [ref. 15702], Krishnan & Mishra 1993:223 [ref. 24016] as djeddaba, Goren & Dor 1994:33 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:174 [ref. 22896], Iwatsuki & Kimura 1996:182 [ref. 22266], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:421 [ref. 27969], Carpenter et al. 1997:155 [ref. 23922], Golani 1998:97 [ref. 27567], Lin & Shao 1999:49 [ref. 23921], Mishra & Srinivasan 1999:244 [ref. 24754], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2687 [ref. 24833], Johnson 1999:733 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:800 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:615 [ref. 25122], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:186 [ref. 25703], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:99 [ref. 26368], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:83 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:800 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:37 [ref. 26830], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:30 [ref. 27712], Golani 2005:39 [ref. 37112], Fricke et al. 2007:83 [ref. 29533], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Allen & Erdmann 2012:428 [ref. 31980], Yoshida et al. 2013:115 [ref. 34464], Artüz & Kubanç 2015:319 [ref. 36541], Psomadakis et al. 2015:215 [ref. 34104], Motomura et al. 2017:104 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:321 [ref. 36183], Bogorodsky & Randall 2018:[21] 259 [ref. 36492], Fricke et al. 2018:179 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:82 [ref. 36273], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:126 [ref. 36460], Suresh et al. 2018:200 [ref. 36495], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Eagderi et al. 2019:46 [ref. 37020], Zajonz et al. 2019:75 [ref. 36871], Bariche & Fricke 2020:125 [ref. 37515], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 15 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:416 [ref. 37272], Golani 2021:48 [ref. 38303], Zajonz et al. 2022:106 [ref. 40522]). •Valid as Alepes djedaba (Fabricius 1775) -- (Fricke 2008:31 [ref. 30182], Kovačić et al. 2021:45 [ref. 39014], Smith-Vaniz 2022:33 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Valid as Alepes djedaba (Fabricius 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen) and Madagascar east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia; eastern Mediterranean Sea and Sea of Marmara (Red Sea immigrant). Habitat: marine.

ductor, Gasterosteus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:295 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Pelagic, Ocean. Syntypes: NRM 45 (3). Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:243-244 [ref. 20707]. See Opinion 1799. Based on Scomber ductor of Osbeck 1755 ('iter. 73) and Hasselquist 1757:366 [ref. 20181], plus syntypes in NRM collection. •Valid as Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:377 [ref. 7198], Kyushin et al. 1977:282 [ref. 19756], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:208 [ref. 9277], Dor 1984:129 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:153 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:832 [ref. 13676], Robins & Ray 1986:162 [ref. 23100], Smith-Vaniz 1986:653 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:72 [ref. 25477], Scott & Scott 1988:378 [ref. 25518], Matarese et al. 1989:484 [ref. 26885], Paxton et al. 1989:581 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:61 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:184 [ref. 24556], Winterbottom et al. 1989:34 [ref. 13251], McAllister 1990:146 [ref. 14674], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:741 [ref. 18644], Randall et al. 1990:164 [ref. 15987], Cervigón 1992:289 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:82 [ref. 24474], Baranes & Golani 1993:308 [ref. 22372], Kuiter 1993:171 [ref. 23929], Allen & Robertson 1994:127 [ref. 22193], Gomon et al. 1994:582 [ref. 22532], Goren & Dor 1994:34 [ref. 25356], Andrew et al. 1995:21 [ref. 38009], Lea & Walker 1995:90 [ref. 23105], Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al. 1995:969 [ref. 22829], Randall 1995:184 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:114 [ref. 23977], Allen & Robertson 1997:826 [ref. 41086], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:91 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:366 [ref. 24023], Santos et al. 1997:86 [ref. 23531], Carpenter et al. 1997:163 [ref. 23922], Arruda 1997:84 [ref. 24952], Randall et al. 1997:164 [ref. 25919], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:287 [ref. 24555], Lin & Shao 1999:62 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:141 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:253 [ref. 24106], Porteiro et al. 1999:42 [ref. 24203], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2727 [ref. 24833], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:241 [ref. 25013], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:792 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:160 [ref. 27754], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:85 [ref. 26753], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:417 [ref. 26158], Nakabo 2002:792 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:326, 605 [ref. 26218], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1450 [ref. 27083], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:80 [ref. 27192], Myers & Donaldson 2003:625 [ref. 27495], Parin 2003:S7 [ref. 28536], Heemstra et al. 2004:3323 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:309 [ref. 28072], Nelson et al. 2004:141 [ref. 27807], Randall et al. 2004:15 [ref. 27624], Golani 2005:40 [ref. 37112], Love et al. 2005:118 [ref. 37547], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:287 [ref. 28815], Mundy 2005:370 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:1161 [ref. 28997], Fricke et al. 2007:84 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:92 [ref. 30517], Smith-Vaniz 2008:576 [ref. 30654], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:57 [ref. 30213], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:44 [ref. 36649], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:192 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:116 [ref. 31256], Page et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Larson et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32988], Fricke et al. 2014:83 [ref. 33932], Parin et al. 2014:362 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:113 [ref. 36167], Psomadakis et al. 2015:226 [ref. 34104], Smith-Vaniz 2015:1254 [ref. 34200], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2492 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:458 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:609 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:38 [ref. 35333], Nión et al. 2016:47 [ref. 35565], Kells et al. 2016:236 [ref. 35888], Ali et al. 2018:323 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:185 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:85 [ref. 36273], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Brown et al. 2019:168 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:75 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:253 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Eagderi et al. 2019:51 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:147 [ref. 36673], Iglésias et al. 2019:281 [ref. 37098], Reiner 2019:197 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:61 [ref. 37515], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:127 [ref. 39118], Kovačić et al. 2020:36 [ref. 37519], Psomadakis et al. 2020:429 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:64 [ref. 37637], Ali-Basha et al. 2021:2 [ref. 38554], Bañón & Maño 2021:83 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:50 [ref. 38303], Iglésias et al. 2021:176 [ref. 38818], Kovačić et al. 2021:46 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:154 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:239 [ref. 39448], Furuhashi & Motomura 2022:8 [ref. 39607], Smith-Vaniz 2022:55 [ref. 39876], Carvalho-Filho 2023:141 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:209 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Red Sea; Persian Gulf; South China Sea; East China Sea; Sea of Japan; Gulf of California/Mexico). Habitat: marine.

edentulus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1795:109, Pl. 428 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 9; ref. 464] No locality given [East India, evidently Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 8756 (left skin). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:93 [ref. 24282]. On p. 109 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 12 [ref. 21381]. Holotype figured in Sparks & Dunlap 2004:15 [ref. 27928] •Synonym of Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:135 [ref. 29757], Fricke 1999:260 [ref. 24106], Ataur Rahman 2003:365 [ref. 31338]). •Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kottelat 2013:339 [ref. 32989] with question). Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

ensifera, Equula Cuvier [G.] 1829:212 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Indian seas [Tharangambadi]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 8756 (dry). Type catalog: Bauchot & Desoutter 1989:34 [ref. 15502]. Available from footnote as, "Eq. ensifera, Nob., ou Scomber edentulus, Bl., 428, ou Leyognathe argenté, Lacép." Replacement name for Scomber edetulus Block 1795. Also described in Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:66 [ref. 1004]. •Synonym of Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Fricke 1999:260 [ref. 24106]). •Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kottelat 2013:339 [ref. 32989] with question, Chakrabarty & Sparks 2022:425 [ref. 39869]). Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

ephippiatus, Scomber Walbaum [J. J.] 1793:64 [J. T. Kleinii ichthyologia enodata; ref. 12604] No types known. Scomber ephippiatus Donndorff 1798 was not original; referred to both Klein and Walbaum. Nomen Oblitum. Habitat: marine.

equula, Scomber Forsskål [P. S.] in Niebuhr 1775:58, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Lectotype: ZMUC P48219 (dry skin). Paralectotypes: ZMUC P48220 (1, dry skin). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:64 [ref. 9588], Fricke 2008:34 [ref. 30182]. Lectotype selected by Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:23 [ref. 20847]; lectotype figured in Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:Pl. 28 [ref. 20847] and in Sparks & Dunlap 2004:15 [ref. 27928]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:34 [ref. 30182]. Misspelled Caesio aequulus by Sonnini 1803:36 (vol. 8) [ref. 30473]. •Valid as Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Dor 1984:135 [ref. 29757], Jones 1985:584 [ref. 21842], Yu & Zhou in Kuang et al. 1986:233 [ref. 26639], Allen & Swainston 1988:76 [ref. 25477], Ataur Rahman 1989:335 [ref. 24860], Allen 1991:135 [ref. 21090], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:831 [ref. 20764], Kottelat et al. 1993:111 [ref. 23448], Goren & Dor 1994:35 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:192 [ref. 22896], Rainboth 1996:184 [ref. 22772], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:347 [ref. 27969], Reinthal & Stiassny 1997:354 [ref. 22780], Allen 1997:118 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:76 [ref. 26476], Larson & Williams 1997:359 [ref. 23967], Carpenter et al. 1997:169 [ref. 23922], Kuiter 1997:164 [ref. 25488], Myers 1999:143 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:260 [ref. 24106], Mishra & Srinivasan 1999:246 [ref. 24754], Nakabo 2000:811 [ref. 25086], Woodland in Randall & Lim 2000:617 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:344 [ref. 25191], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:186 [ref. 25703], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:100 [ref. 26368], Kimura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:221 [ref. 27511], Sakai et al. 2001:97 [ref. 25693], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Woodland et al. 2001:2808 [ref. 26095], Allen et al. 2002:340 [ref. 25930], Nakabo 2002:811 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S108 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:626 [ref. 27495], Khan 2003:9 [ref. 27710] as equuals, Ataur Rahman 2003:365 [ref. 31338], Ikejima et al. 2004:908 [ref. 27755], Sparks & Dunlap 2004:7 [ref. 27928], Heemstra et al. 2004:3322 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:275 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:239 [ref. 28239], Hoese & Bray 2006:1179 [ref. 29000], Chakrabarty et al. 2008:156 [ref. 32414], Chakrabarty et al. 2009:155 [ref. 30295], Kimura 2009:131 [ref. 30426], Fricke et al. 2009:59 [ref. 30213], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:114 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:6 [ref. 31311], Allen & Erdmann 2012:442 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:127 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:127 [ref. 34464], Fricke et al. 2014:84 [ref. 33932], Psomadakis et al. 2015:235 [ref. 34104], Motomura et al. 2017:124 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:325 [ref. 36183], Golani & Fricke 2018:88 [ref. 36273], Jawad et al. 2018:106 [ref. 36262], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:146 [ref. 36460], Suresh et al. 2018:222 [ref. 36495], Eagderi et al. 2019:76 [ref. 37020], Taki et al. 2021:389 [ref. 39830]). •Valid as Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775) -- (Uyeno & Yabumoto in Masuda et al. 1984:159 [ref. 6441], Smith 1986:621 [ref. 5712], Kottelat 2013:339 [ref. 32989], Fricke et al. 2018:191 [ref. 35805], Arndt & Fricke 2019:20 [ref. 36883], Zajonz et al. 2019:76 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 22 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:440 [ref. 37272], Giat in Motomura et al. 2021:31 [ref. 38121], Sharifuzzaman et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38872], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2022:425 [ref. 39869], Zajonz et al. 2022:132 [ref. 40522], Jamandre 2023:158 [ref. 40455], Vilasri et al. 2023:86 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to eastern Caroline Islands (Federated States of Micronesia), north to Ryukyu Islands (Japan), south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Fiji. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

erythrurus, Caranx Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:58, 68 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Caroline [South Carolina, U.S.A.], Tahiti [Society Islands, French Polynesia, South Pacific]. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:50 [ref. 12247]. Unnecessary replacement name for Scomber hippos Linnaeus 1766; also based on additional [misidentified] source (Forster manuscript). Spelled erithrurus on p. 68. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:397, 416 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473]. •Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:311 [ref. 6207], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:732 [ref. 18644], Smith-Vaniz & Carpenter 2007:219 [ref. 29160]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

esculentus, Carangus Girard [C. F.] 1859:23, Pl. 11 (figs. 1-3) [United States and Mexican boundary survey, under the order of Lieut. Col. W. H. Emory, Major First Cavalry and United States commissioner. v. 2 (pt 2); ref. 13405] Appeared first, as name only, in Girard 1858:168 [ref. 1813]. Apparently a replacement name for Scomber carangus Bloch to avoid "Strickland tautonymy" when Girard provided the new genus name Carangus. Girard's name is an unneeded replacement name. Girard's specimens are at the USNM as USNM 708-709 (10, 1), and 715 (1). •Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:311 [ref. 6207], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:732 [ref. 18644], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:292 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz & Carpenter 2007:219 [ref. 29160]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

fasciatus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:73, Pl. 341 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] North America [?]. Holotype (unique): ZMB 1610. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:54-55 [ref. 24282]. On p. 61 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Seriola fasciata (Bloch 1793) -- (Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:838 [ref. 13676], Robins & Ray 1986:163 [ref. 23100], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:747 [ref. 18644], Boschung 1992:133 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:292 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:97 [ref. 24474], Massutí & Stefanescu 1993:143 [ref. 36594], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:245 [ref. 25013], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1460 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:81 [ref. 27192], Bunkley-Williams & Williams 2004:110 [ref. 27795], Nelson et al. 2004:141 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:296 [ref. 28815], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:31 [ref. 31826], Bañón & Mucientes 2009:247 [ref. 30593], Page et al. 2013:145 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Pinheiro et al. 2015:18 [ref. 34324], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2501 [ref. 34618], Brown et al. 2019:168 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:255 [ref. 37250], Doğdu et al. 2019:55 [ref. 36835], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:62 [ref. 37515], Akyol & Ünal 2021:218 [ref. 38959], Bañón & Maño 2021:83 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:50 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:46 [ref. 39014], Moral-Flores et al. 2022:[2] [ref. 39505], Carvalho-Filho 2023:147 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:130 [ref. 40505], Özvarol & Gökoğlu in Kapiris et al. 2024:203 [ref. 41067]). Current status: Valid as Seriola fasciata (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to Santa Catarina (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and northwestern Caribbean Sea (Mexico, Cuba); southern-central Atlantic: Saint Helena; Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: including Azores and Madeira. Habitat: marine.

fasciatus, Trachurus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:21, 53 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Seriola by Scomber fasciatus Bloch 1793. •Synonym of Seriola dumerili (Risso 1810) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:747 [ref. 18644], Parenti 2019:104 [ref. 37117]). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Seriola dumerili (Risso 1810). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Habitat: marine.

ferdau, Scomber Fabricius [J. C.] in Niebuhr (ex Forsskål) 1775:55, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Forsskål specimens: ZMUC P46442 (dry skin). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:63 [ref. 9588], Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]. Label that says Holotype: ZMUC P46442 in Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:22, Pl. 27 [ref. 20847] is not this species (Smith 1968:173 [ref. 7919]). Authorship according to Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]. Misspelled ferdan by Weber 1913:399 [ref. 4602]. •Valid as Carangoides ferdau (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:266 [ref. 19756], Kyushin et al. 1982:203 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:125 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:156 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz 1986:644 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:70 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:575 [ref. 12442], Randall et al. 1990:159 [ref. 15987], Gunn 1990:23 [ref. 20141], Kuiter 1993:175 [ref. 23929], Goren & Dor 1994:33 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:178 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:428 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:112 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:158 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:62 [ref. 26476], Kuiter 1997:160 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:159 [ref. 25919], Lin & Shao 1999:52 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:137 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:245 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2699 [ref. 24833], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:14 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:88 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:806 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:227 [ref. 25191], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:186 [ref. 25703], Allen 2000:102 [ref. 25868], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:99 [ref. 26368], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:806 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:37 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:625 [ref. 27495], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:75 [ref. 27510], Lobel & Lobel 2004:71 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:15 [ref. 27624], Adrim et al. 2004:120 [ref. 27715], Heemstra et al. 2004:3323 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:301 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:224 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:364 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:1152 [ref. 28997], Randall 2007:227 [ref. 30952], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:55 [ref. 30213], Kimura 2009:119 [ref. 30425], Allen & Erdmann 2012:430 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2014:81 [ref. 33932], Psomadakis et al. 2015:218 [ref. 34104], Motomura et al. 2017:108 [ref. 35490], Bogorodsky et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35534], Ali et al. 2018:322 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:181 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:83 [ref. 36273], Suresh et al. 2018:201 [ref. 36495], Eagderi et al. 2019:48 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:145 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:75 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:420 [ref. 37272], Nomura et al. 2021:3 [ref. 38488], Smith-Vaniz 2022:40 [ref. 39876], Zajonz et al. 2022:109 [ref. 40522]). •Valid as Carangoides ferdau (Fabricius 1775) -- (Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]). •Valid as Ferdauia ferdau (Fabricius 1775) -- (Kimura et al. 2022:40 [ref. 38998]). Current status: Valid as Ferdauia ferdau (Fabricius 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: South Africa, East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), Line Islands (Kiribati) and Pitcairn Group, north to Kyoto Prefecture (central Japan), south to Western Australia, New Caledonia, Norfolk Island (Australia) and Rapa (French Polynesia). Habitat: marine.

filamentosus, Scomber Park [M.] 1797:36 [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London v. 3 (art. 9); ref. 17801] Habitat in Sumatræ littore [Bengkulu Province, Sumatra, Indonesia, eastern Indian Ocean]. Syntypes: BMNH 1863.11.12.18 (dry, right half skin), 1863.11.12.26 (dry, left half skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1974:472 [ref. 31545]. •Synonym of Alectis ciliaris (Bloch 1787) -- (Wheeler 1974:472 [ref. 31545]). Current status: Synonym of Alectis ciliaris (Bloch 1787). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

flexuosus, Scomber Lichtenstein [M. H. C.] 1823:117 [Verzeichniss der Doubletten des zoologischen Museums der Königl. Universität zu Berlin, nebst Beschreibung...; ref. 17525] Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Try ZMB for type(s). •Synonym of Lichia amia (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:740 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Lichia amia (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Trachinotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

forsteri, Scomber Schneider [J. G.] & Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:26 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Pacific. No types known. Description taken from Forster manuscript (reproduced as Scomber maculatus in Lichtenstein 1844:195-196 [ref. 17531]). •Synonym of Scomberoides lysan (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:205 [ref. 7106], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:317 [ref. 6207], Kottelat 2013:335 [ref. 32989] with authorship as Schneider & Forster). •Synonym of Scomberoides lysan (Fabricius 1775). Current status: Synonym of Scomberoides lysan (Fabricius 1775). Carangidae: Scomberoidinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

fulvoguttatus, Scomber Forsskål [P. S.] in Niebuhr 1775:56, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] No locality stated (Red Sea). No types known. Originally fulvo-guttatus. Neotype selection by Fricke 1999:246 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]. •Valid as Carangoides fulvoguttatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:268 [ref. 19756], Kyushin et al. 1982:202 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:125 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:156 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz 1986:644 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:70 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:575 [ref. 12442], Randall et al. 1990:159 [ref. 15987], Gunn 1990:24 [ref. 20141], Goren & Dor 1994:33 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:178 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:112 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:159 [ref. 23922], Kuiter 1997:162 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:159 [ref. 25919], Lin & Shao 1999:52 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:138 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:245 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2700 [ref. 24833], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:806 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:228 [ref. 25191], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:99 [ref. 26368], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:806 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:37 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Randall et al. 2004:15 [ref. 27624], Adrim et al. 2004:120 [ref. 27715], Heemstra et al. 2004:3323 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:302 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:224 [ref. 28239], Hoese & Gates 2006:1153 [ref. 28997], Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:55 [ref. 30213], Motomura et al. 2010:115 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:431 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:258 [ref. 32706], Larson et al. 2013:119 [ref. 32988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:219 [ref. 34104], Motomura et al. 2017:108 [ref. 35490], Bogorodsky et al. 2017:11 [ref. 35534], Ali et al. 2018:322 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:181 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:83 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:48 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:145 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:156 [ref. 36626], Bogorodsky et al. 2020:519 [ref. 38001], Psomadakis et al. 2020:420 [ref. 37272], Smith-Vaniz 2022:41 [ref. 39876], Zajonz et al. 2022:110 [ref. 40522]). •Valid as Turrum fulvoguttatum (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kimura et al. 2022:28 [ref. 38998]). Current status: Valid as Turrum fulvoguttatum (Forsskål 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Palau, New Ireland (Papua New Guinea) and Vanuatu, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), northern New South Wales (Australia) and New Zealand. Habitat: marine.

gaess, Caranx Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:59, 75 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] No locality stated [Red Sea]. An unneeded replacement name for and objective synonym of Scomber fulvoguttatus. Spelled gaezz on p. 59, gaess on p. 75. gaezz considered a misspelling; gaess based on cited common name. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:400 (vol. 7), 15 (vol. 8) [ref. 30473] with spelling gaezz on p. 400 and gaess on p. 15. •Synonym of Carangoides fulvoguttatus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]). •Synonym of Turrum fulvoguttatum (Forsskål 1775). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Turrum fulvoguttatum (Forsskål 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

germo, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1801:1 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Eastern Pacific at about 27°S, 103°W. No types known. Appeared earlier as Scomber germon in Lacepède 1800:598 [ref. 2709]. The section on "les scombres" was started at the end of Lacepède 1800 (v. 2) and continued at the beginning of Lacepède 1801 (v. 3); therefore, the descriptions of Scomber germon and Scomber germo are in reference to the same species but appeared in separate volumes published in different years with different spellings. See Scomber germon Lacepède 1800. Based on manuscript description by Commerson (Philibert Commerson, 1727-1773, French explorer and naturalist). Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:284, 319 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473] as Scomber germon on p. 284 and as Scomber germo on p. 319. •Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Collette 1990:991 [ref. 19476], Collette 2001:3752 [ref. 26305], Collette 2003:1853 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:14 [ref. 27312], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2911 [ref. 34618], Collette 2022:286 [ref. 40167]). Current status: Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

germo, Scomber Bennett [F. D.] 1840:278 [Narrative of a whaling voyage round the globe v. 2; ref. 260] Pacific. No types known. Based on Scomber germo Commerson, an unavailable name made available first by Lacepède 1801. •Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Gomon et al. 1994:826 [ref. 22532], Collette 2003:14 [ref. 27312]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

germon, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1800:598 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] Eastern Pacific (27°S, 103°W). No types known. Also in Lacepède 1801:1 [ref. 2710] as Scomber germo. The section on "les scombres" was started at the end of Lacepède 1800 (v. 2) and continued at the beginning of Lacepède 1801 (v. 3); therefore, the descriptions of Scomber germon and Scomber germo are in reference to the same species but appeared in separate volumes published in different years with different spellings; both are treated as independent description. See Scomber germo Lacepède 1801. Based on manuscript description by Commerson (Philibert Commerson, 1727-1773, French explorer and naturalist). Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:284, 319 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473] as Scomber germon on p. 284 and as Scomber germo on p. 319. •Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:99 [ref. 13640], Collette & Nauen 1983:81 [ref. 5375] as germo, Collette 1990:991 [ref. 19476] as germo, Collette 2003:13 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

gigas, Scomber Fowler [H. W.] 1935:378, Fig. 16 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 87; ref. 1421] Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwestern Indian Ocean. Holotype: ANSP 25844 (discarded). Paratypes: ANSP 25872 (1, discarded), 63935-36 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:152 [ref. 13621], ANSP 63935-63936 not called paratypes in publication, but cataloged as such. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1986:835 [ref. 5647]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

gladius, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:81, Pl. 345 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Antilles, Brazil, East Indies, Madagascar and Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. On p. 69 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. See entry on Official Index (Opinion 903), attributed to Boussonet 1786. •Synonym of Istiophorus platypterus (Shaw 1792) -- (de Sylva 1973:477 [ref. 7210], Nakamura 1983:277 [ref. 5371], Nakamura 1985:23 [ref. 20161], Dor 1984:265 [ref. 29757], Golani & Fricke 2018:171 [ref. 36273], Collette 2022:293 [ref. 40167]). Current status: Synonym of Istiophorus platypterus (Shaw 1792). Istiophoridae. Habitat: marine.

glauciscus, Scomber Pallas [P. S.] 1814:215, Pl. 46 (fig. 1) [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Black Sea, Crimea. No types known. •Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536], Parin et al. 2014:514 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

glaucus, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] 1758:298 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Ascension Island, Atlantic. Holotype: NRM 4080. See Smith-Vaniz & Randall 1994 [ref. 21632] and Opinion 1841. •Synonym of Trachynotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:383 [ref. 7198], Golani 2005:40 [ref. 37112], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:45 [ref. 36649] as Lichia glauca, Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2507 [ref. 34618]). •Synonym of Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Fricke 2008:33 [ref. 30182]). Current status: Synonym of Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Trachinotinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

gracilis, Scomber Swainson [W.] 1839:238, 410 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Coasts of Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

grex, Scomber Mitchill [S. L.] 1814:11 [Report, in part, of Samuel L. Mitchill; ref. 3030] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Also in Mitchill 1815:422 [ref. 13292]. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:332 [ref. 25013], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Russell & van Oijen 2021:432 [ref. 38177]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

guara, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1800:598, 604 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] Brazil, South America [in error]. No types known. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:51 [ref. 12247]. Unnecessary replacement name for Scomber cordyla Linnaeus 1758. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:283, 292 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473]. See neotype desigation by Fricke 1999 under cordyle. •Synonym of Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2013:334 [ref. 32989]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

guarapucu, Scomber Walbaum [J. J.] 1793:71 [J. T. Kleinii ichthyologia enodata; ref. 12604] No types known. Scomber guarapucu Walbaum 1793 is a nomen oblitum that can be suppressed if conditions of Art. 23.9.1.1 and Art. 23.9.1.2 are met. Possibly the same as Caranx guarapucu Castelnau 1855. Nomen Oblitum. Habitat: marine.

gunneri, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:38 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Seas of Norway. No types known. •Synonym of Lampris guttatus (Brünnich 1788) -- (Quéro & Gayet 1990:643 [ref. 17373], Underkoffler et al. 2018:557 [ref. 35908]). Current status: Synonym of Lampris guttatus (Brünnich 1788). Lampridae. Habitat: marine.

guttatus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:23, Pl. 5 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Lectotype: ZMB 8759 (dry). Paralectotypes: ZMB 8758 (1, dry, missing). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:130 [ref. 24282]. Lectotype selected by Paepke 1999:130 [ref. 24282]. •Valid as Scomberomorus guttatus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:289 [ref. 7348], Kyushin et al. 1977:314 [ref. 19756], Kyushin et al. 1982:248 [ref. 19754], Collette & Nauen 1983:65 [ref. 5375], Collette & Russo 1985:630 [ref. 5221], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:225 [ref. 6441], Randall 1995:375 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:517 [ref. 27969], Carpenter et al. 1997:226 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:159 [ref. 26476], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1351 [ref. 25182], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:187 [ref. 25703], Collette 2001:3744 [ref. 26305], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Nakabo 2002:1351 [ref. 26193], Collette 2003:11 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Psomadakis et al. 2015:316 [ref. 34104], Ali et al. 2018:341 [ref. 36183], Matsuo & Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:278 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:105 [ref. 37020], Zajonz et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36871], Collette & Graves 2019:168 [ref. 37341], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:573 [ref. 37272], Collette 2022:284 [ref. 40167], Jeena et al. 2022:17 [ref. 39335], Zajonz et al. 2022:251 bis [ref. 40522], Zeng et al. 2022:160 [ref. 40510], Abdussamad et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40617]). Current status: Valid as Scomberomorus guttatus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Socotra (Yemen) and Persian Gulf, India, east to Philippines, north to southern Japan. Habitat: brackish, marine.

heberi, Scomber Bennett [J. W.] 1830:unnum. p., Pl. 26 [A selection from the most remarkable and interesting fishes found on the coast of Ceylon First Edition; ref. 16785] South coast of Sri Lanka, Indian Ocean. No types known. •Valid as Caranx heberi (Bennett 1830) [= C. sem Cuvier 1833] -- (Pethiyagoda et al. 1994:43-44 [ref. 21456], Heemstra in Smith & Heemstra 1995:xii [ref. 21953], Randall 1995:180 [ref. 22896], Carpenter et al. 1997:160 [ref. 23922], Fricke 1999:247 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2711 [ref. 24833], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Allen & Adrim 2003:38 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Khalaf & Krupp 2003:56 [ref. 31543], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:303 [ref. 28072], Motomura et al. 2007:224 [ref. 29492], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:56 [ref. 30213], Kimura 2009:120 [ref. 30425], Allen & Erdmann 2012:433 [ref. 31980], Psomadakis et al. 2015:221 [ref. 34104], Motomura et al. 2017:111 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:182 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:84 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:49 [ref. 37020], Zajonz et al. 2019:75 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:423 [ref. 37272], Smith-Vaniz 2022:46 [ref. 39876], Zajonz et al. 2022:112 [ref. 40522]). Current status: Valid as Caranx heberi (Bennett 1830). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Persian Gulf, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion) east to Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands (Japan), south to northern Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

helvolus, Scomber Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:35 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Ascension Island [eastern Atlantic]. Holotype: BMNH 1963.3.27.4. Based on description in manuscript by Forster (Johann Reinhold Forster, 1729-1798, German explorer and naturalist of Cook's second voyage). •Valid as Caranx helvolus (Forster 1801) -- (Chen et al. 1997:63 [ref. 26476]). •Valid as Uraspis helvola (Forster 1801) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:208 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:132 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:155 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:754 [ref. 18644], Allen & Robertson 1994:129 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:106 [ref. 23101], Goren & Dor 1994:35 [ref. 25356], Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al. 1995:986 [ref. 22829], Randall 1995:190 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:459 [ref. 27969], Carpenter et al. 1997:168 [ref. 23922], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:91 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:379 [ref. 24023], Lin & Shao 1999:61 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:141 [ref. 23965], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2754 [ref. 24833], Nakabo 2000:803 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Savinykh & Shevtsov 2001:133 [ref. 25203], Shinohara et al. 2001:324 [ref. 25995], Nakabo 2002:803 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:326, 608 [ref. 26218], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:625 [ref. 27495], Parin 2003:S8 [ref. 28536], Randall et al. 2004:15 [ref. 27624], Nelson et al. 2004:141 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:119 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:373 [ref. 28379], Randall et al. 2005:122 [ref. 28745], Randall 2007:241 [ref. 30952], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:31 [ref. 31826], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:192 [ref. 30957], Allen & Erdmann 2012:440 [ref. 31980], Page et al. 2013:145 [ref. 32708], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:423 [ref. 33460], Wirtz et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:364 [ref. 33547], Psomadakis et al. 2015:231 [ref. 34104], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2513 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:445 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:609 [ref. 34923], Kells et al. 2016:350 [ref. 35888], Motomura et al. 2017:120 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:324 [ref. 36183], Golani & Fricke 2018:87 [ref. 36273], Brown et al. 2019:169 [ref. 36444], Eagderi et al. 2019:53 [ref. 37020], Bogorodsky et al. 2020:521 [ref. 38001], Kim et al. 2020:129 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:434 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:66 [ref. 37637], Love et al. 2021:156 [ref. 39279], Fermon et al. 2022:241 [ref. 39448] with question, Kimura et al. 2022:43 [ref. 38998], Moral-Flores et al. 2022:416 [ref. 39408], Smith-Vaniz 2022:67 [ref. 39876], Zajonz et al. 2022:130 [ref. 40522], Balisco et al. 2023:5 [ref. 39932], Carvalho-Filho 2023:150 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:130 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Uraspis helvola (Forster 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Nearly circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas (including Gulf of Mexico; Caribbean Sea; Red Sea; Persian Gulf; Sea of Japan). Habitat: marine.

hippos, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] (ex Garden) 1766:494 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina [South Carolina, U.S.A.]. Syntype or holotype: LS 130 [Garden no. 16] (right half-skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:55 [ref. 20705]. Type information: Goode & Bean 1885:204 [ref. 1841]. Based on manuscript description and 1 specimen sent by A. Garden [South Carolina]. •Valid as Caranx (Tricropterus) hippos (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Hiyama in Kumada 1937:33 [ref. 39147]). •Valid as Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Herrera 1896:46 [ref. 39336] as hippus, Hureau & Tortonese 1973:373 [ref. 7198], Lee et al. 1980:749 [ref. 22416], Villa 1982:165 [ref. 36708], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:332 [ref. 14275], Smith 1986:425 [ref. 22186], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:824 [ref. 13676], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:310 [ref. 6207], Robins & Ray 1986:160 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:376 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:146 [ref. 14674], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:732 [ref. 18644], Bauchot in Lévêque et al. 1992:678 [ref. 21590], Boschung 1992:130 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:285 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:63 [ref. 24474], Murdy et al. 1997:165 [ref. 23144], Arruda 1997:82 [ref. 24952], González Bencomo et al. 1997:158 [ref. 24960], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:279 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:291 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:238 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:73 [ref. 25466], Keith et al. 2000:90 [ref. 24547], Marín 2000:72 [ref. 26252], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:159 [ref. 27754], Camargo & Isaac 2001:141 [ref. 27639], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:84 [ref. 26753], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:415 [ref. 26158], López et al. 2002:64 [ref. 26808] as hyppos, Smith-Vaniz 2003:1440 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:80 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:31 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:140 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:277 [ref. 28815], Miller 2006:339 [ref. 28615], Smith-Vaniz & Carpenter 2007:219 [ref. 29160], Vreven & Snoeks 2007:417 [ref. 30078], Wirtz et al. 2007:11, 32 [ref. 30263], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Di Dario et al. 2013:263 [ref. 37503], Page et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:173 [ref. 32953], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Kottelat 2013:333 [ref. 32989], Angulo et al. 2013:1000 [ref. 33194], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:47 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33516] needs verification, Fabiano et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33530], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2474 [ref. 34618], Nión et al. 2016:47 [ref. 35565], Marceniuk et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35324], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36407], Robins et al. 2018:435 [ref. 35886], Spier et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36103], Almeida & Alves 2019:269 [ref. 37509] as cf. hippos, Carneiro et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Reiner 2019:191 [ref. 38139], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Robertson et al. 2020:152 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:76 [ref. 38844], Kovačić et al. 2021:85 [ref. 39014], Marceniuk in Marceniuk et al. 2021:341 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:69 [ref. 39585], Fermon et al. 2022:237 [ref. 39448], Angulo et al. 2023:44 [ref. 40676], Carvalho-Filho 2023:138 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:128 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Caranx hippos (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New Brunswick (Canada.) south to northern Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, with waifs reaching Nova Scotia (Canada); southern-central Atlantic: Ascension Island and Saint Helena Island; eastern Atlantic: Western Sahara south to Angola, including Cape Verde Islands and São Tomé and Principe. IUCN (2019): LC. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

ignobilis, Scomber Forsskål [P. S.] in Niebuhr 1775:55, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Syntypes: ZMUC P46439-40 (2, dry skins, extremely poor condition). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:63 [ref. 9588], Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]. Originally Scomber ignobilis, kirm on p. 55, Scomber ignobilis on p. xii. Probably should be regarded as two names for the same taxon and requiring action of a first reviser. Types figured in Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:Pl. 26 [ref. 20847]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182]. •Valid as Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:260 [ref. 19756], Dor 1984:126 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:156 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz 1986:647 [ref. 5718], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:311 [ref. 6207], Allen & Swainston 1988:70 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:577 [ref. 12442], Winterbottom et al. 1989:34 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:161 [ref. 15987], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:823 [ref. 20764], Kottelat et al. 1993:110 [ref. 23448], Kuiter 1993:174 [ref. 23929], Krishnan & Mishra 1994:291 [ref. 24014], Randall et al. 1994:227 [ref. 21645], Goren & Dor 1994:34 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:180 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:432 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:112 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:63 [ref. 26476], Larson & Williams 1997:358 [ref. 23967], Carpenter et al. 1997:160 [ref. 23922], Kuiter 1997:158 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:161 [ref. 25919], Lin & Shao 1999:55 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:138 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:247 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2712 [ref. 24833], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:15 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:88 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:802 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:229 [ref. 25191], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:106 [ref. 25480], Randall & Earle 2000:13 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:102 [ref. 25868], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:99 [ref. 26368], Kimura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:205 [ref. 27511], Sakai et al. 2001:96 [ref. 25693], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:802 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:38 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:625 [ref. 27495], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:76 [ref. 27510], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:30 [ref. 27712], Lobel & Lobel 2004:71 [ref. 27576], Heemstra et al. 2004:3323 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:304 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:227 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:366 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:1156 [ref. 28997], Randall 2007:228 [ref. 30952], Fricke 2008:32 [ref. 30182], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:56 [ref. 30213], Kimura 2009:121 [ref. 30425], Motomura et al. 2010:115 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:433 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:258 [ref. 32706], Larson et al. 2013:121 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:333 [ref. 32989], Fricke et al. 2014:82 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:6 [ref. 33988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:221 [ref. 34104], Clua et al. 2016:259 [ref. 34821], Koeda et al. 2016:36 [ref. 35333], Motomura et al. 2017:111 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:182 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:84 [ref. 36273], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:131 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:49 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:146 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:156 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:75 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:125 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:424 [ref. 37272], Durville et al. 2021:312 [ref. 38802], Nomura et al. 2021:5 [ref. 38488], Smith-Vaniz 2022:46 [ref. 39876], Zajonz et al. 2022:113 [ref. 40522], Jamandre 2023:162 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Persian Gulf, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), Line Islands (Kiribati) and Pitcairn Group, north to southern Korea and Kyoto Prefecture (central Japan), south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), Wattamolla (New South Wales, Australia), New Caledonia, Tonga and Rapa; eastern Pacific: Clipperton Atoll (France). Habitat: brackish, marine.

indicus, Scomber Abdussamad [E. M.], Sukumaran [S.] & Ratheesh [A. K. O.] in Abdussamad et al. 2016:2, Figs. 1-6 [Indian Journal of Fisheries v. 63 (no. 3); ref. 34790] Off Kochi, India. Holotype: CMFRI GB.31.135.12.7. Paratypes: CMFRI. The second and third authors are Sandhya & Arun in text. •Valid as Scomber indicus Abdussamad, Sukumaran & Ratheesh 2016. •Synonym of Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832, but a valid subspecies -- (Collette & Graves 2019:121 [ref. 37341]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Kochi, India [as subspecies]. Habitat: marine.

janesaba, Scomber Bleeker [P.] 1854:406 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 13964] Nagasaki, Japan. Syntypes: RMNH 6036 (3). Type catalog: Boeseman 1964:462, Fig. 3 [ref. 20805]. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Dor 1984:263 [ref. 29757], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Scomber Houttuyn [M.] 1782:331 [Verhandelingen der Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, Haarlem v. 20 (pt 2); ref. 2220] Nagasaki, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. No types known. •See Boeseman 1995:6 [ref. 21811]. •Valid as Pneumatophorus japonicus (Houttuyn 1782) -- (Chen et al. 1997:158 [ref. 26476], Cheng & Zhou 1997:349 [ref. 26385], Wang et al. 2001:257 [ref. 26566]). •Valid as Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Postel 1973:466 [ref. 7208], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:283 [ref. 7348], Kyushin et al. 1982:246 [ref. 19754], Shirai in Amaoka et al. 1983:131, 204 [ref. 8379], Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:273 [ref. 9277], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:417 [ref. 14275], Dor 1984:263 [ref. 29757], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:224 [ref. 6441], Machida in Okamura et al. 1985:543, 705 [ref. 8056], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:991 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:835 [ref. 5647], Nakamura in Nakamura et al. 1986:282 [ref. 14235], Robins & Ray 1986:260 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:452 [ref. 25518], Matarese et al. 1989:554 [ref. 26885], McAllister 1990:179 [ref. 14674], Collette 1990:986 [ref. 19476], Perrotta et al. 1990 [ref. 19500], Boschung 1992:169 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:416 [ref. 23827], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:172 [ref. 25472], Cervigón 1994:248 [ref. 24488], Allen & Robertson 1994:277 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:144 [ref. 23101], Goren & Dor 1994:70 [ref. 25356], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1536 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:374 [ref. 22896], Murdy et al. 1997:179 [ref. 23144], Santos et al. 1997:107 [ref. 23531], Carpenter et al. 1997:225 [ref. 23922], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:585 [ref. 24023], Arruda 1997:100 [ref. 24952], Baker & Collette 1998:29 [ref. 23350], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:396 [ref. 24555], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:14 [ref. 24670], Collette 1999:163 [ref. 23936], Uiblein et al. 1999:66 [ref. 24045], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:332 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:86 [ref. 25466], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:136 [ref. 25942], Nakabo 2000:1347 [ref. 25182], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:40 [ref. 25650], Collette 2001:3742 [ref. 26305], Kolpakov & Barabanshchikov 2001:422 [ref. 25413], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Shimizu 2001:42 [ref. 25799], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:143 [ref. 26753], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:806 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:1347 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 674 [ref. 26218], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:103 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:418 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:168 [ref. 37547], Shinohara et al. 2005:440 [ref. 28370], Mundy 2005:506 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:450 [ref. 30952], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:70 [ref. 36649], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:513 [ref. 33547], Pietsch & Orr 2015:67 [ref. 34694], Fourriére et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34668], Abdussamad et al. 2016:6 [ref. 34790], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Kells et al. 2016:316 [ref. 35888], Matsuo & Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:278 [ref. 36460], Burton & Lea 2019:92 [ref. 37205], Collette & Graves 2019:132 [ref. 37341], Kim et al. 2020:183 [ref. 39118], Sonoyama et al. 2020:113 [ref. 37637], Dyldin et al. 2021:33 [ref. 38804], Love et al. 2021:212 [ref. 39279], Collette 2022:282 [ref. 40167], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:266 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Indian Ocean: South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar, India; Pacific: Vietnam and Philippines north to southern Kamchatka (Russia); Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.); Alaska (U.S.A.) south to Chile. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Scomber pneumatophorus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1844:93, Pl. 47 (figs. 1-2) [Fauna Japonica Parts 5-6; ref. 4372] Japan. Syntypes: RMNH D834 (1, dry), D836 (1, dry), D894 (1, dry), 1274 (5). Regarded by Boeseman 1964:462 [ref. 20805] as proposed for a subspecies distinct from Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782, and with infra-subspecific names major and minor; Boeseman lists types in the Leiden collection. In any case, the name is objectively invalid; preoccupied by Scomber japonicus Houttuyn. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). 1°Homonym. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

japonicus, Scomber scombrus Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1844:92 [Fauna Japonica Parts 5-6; ref. 4372] Japan. Holotype (unique): RMNH 1259. Boeseman 1964:463, Fig. 6 [ref. 20805] regards this as an available subspecies, not the same as Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782. The name is objectively invalid; preoccupied by Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

kanagurta, Scomber Cuvier [G.] 1816:313 [Le Règne Animal; ref. 993] No locality stated [Vizagapatam, India]. No types known. Available as above based on footnote under Sc. [Scomber] ...autres espèces (1)" "(1)...--Aj. le kanagurta, Russ. Corom. 136 [= 1803:28, Pl. 136]." Also appeared in Cuvier 1829 as Canagurta, and in Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:49 [ref. 1000]. Bauchot & Blanc 1961:374 [ref. 20733] and Blanc & Bauchot 1964:450-545, Figs. 24-26 [ref. 20804] list syntypes for Cuvier 1832:49, but Collette 1966:365 [ref. 14641] indicates that they are not types but he dates the species to Cuvier 1817 (= 1816). Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:565 [ref. 24106] as the specimen in Russell's Pl. 136 (specimen not in existence). •Valid as Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Kyushin et al. 1977:312 [ref. 19756], Kyushin et al. 1982:247 [ref. 19754], Collette & Nauen 1983:48 [ref. 5375], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:224 [ref. 6441], Dor 1984:263 [ref. 29757], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:988 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:834 [ref. 5647], Allen & Swainston 1988:144 [ref. 25477], Randall et al. 1990:448 [ref. 15987], Krishnan & Mishra 1993:233 [ref. 24016], Krishnan & Mishra 1994:299 [ref. 24014], Goren & Dor 1994:70 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:374 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:509 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:232 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:158 [ref. 26476], Larson & Williams 1997:373 [ref. 23967], Carpenter et al. 1997:224 [ref. 23922], Randall et al. 1997:448 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:278 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:564 [ref. 24106], Mishra & Srinivasan 1999:252 [ref. 24754], Golani 1998:97 [ref. 27567], Mishra et al. 1999:89 [ref. 25315], Johnson 1999:751 [ref. 25471], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1346 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:445 [ref. 25191], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:187 [ref. 25703], Allen 2000:123 [ref. 25868], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:104 [ref. 26368], Collette 2001:3739 [ref. 26305] dated 1817, Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:178 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:1346 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:63 [ref. 26830] dated 1817. Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377] dated 1817, Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:211 [ref. 27510] dated 1817, Randall et al. 2004:30 [ref. 27624], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:45 [ref. 27712], Adrim et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27715], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:416 [ref. 28072], Golani 2005:60 [ref. 37112], Randall 2005:611 [ref. 28239], Randall et al. 2005:131 [ref. 28745], Bray et al. 2006:1773 [ref. 29091], Fricke et al. 2009:112 [ref. 30213], Kimura 2009:312 [ref. 30426], Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1041 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:218 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:204 [ref. 34464], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:430 [ref. 33460], Fricke et al. 2014:187 [ref. 33932], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2015:87 [ref. 34319], Psomadakis et al. 2015:315 [ref. 34104], Muto et al. 2016:[1] [ref. 35081], Motomura et al. 2017:214 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:340 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:362 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:170 [ref. 36273], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:277 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:311 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36871], Collette & Graves 2019:97 [ref. 37341], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:572 [ref. 37272], Golani 2021:83 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Collette 2022:279 [ref. 40167], Zajonz et al. 2022:249 [ref. 40522], Vilasri et al. 2023:95 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Perisan Gulf, Socotra (Yemen), Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Samoa, north to southern Japan, south to northwestern Australia and New Caledonia; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Habitat: marine.

kleinii, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:86, Pl. 347 (fig. 2) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Malabar coast, India. Holotype (unique): ZMB 1580. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:55 [ref. 24282]. On p. 73 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as "Caranx" kleinii (Bloch 1793) -- (Gunn 1990:37 [ref. 20141]). •Valid as Caranx kleinii (Bloch 1793) -- (Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Hoese & Gates 2006:1155 [ref. 28997], Larson et al. 2013:121 [ref. 32988]). •Valid as Alepes kleinii (Bloch 1793) -- (Randall 1995:174 [ref. 22896], Randall et al. 1997:162 [ref. 25919], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2688 [ref. 24833], Nakabo 2000:800 [ref. 25086], Krupp et al. 2000:330 [ref. 25117], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:615 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2002:800 [ref. 26001], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:73 [ref. 27510], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Kimura 2009:116 [ref. 30425], Ho & Shao 2011:44 [ref. 31432], Yoshida et al. 2013:115 [ref. 34464], Psomadakis et al. 2015:215 [ref. 34104] as kleini, Motomura et al. 2017:105 [ref. 35490] as kleini, Ali et al. 2018:322 [ref. 36183], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:126 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:46 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 15 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:416 [ref. 37272] as kleini, Smith-Vaniz 2022:34 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Valid as Alepes kleinii (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Pakistan east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to northern Vietnam, south to Kimberley (northern Australia) and Queensland (Australia). Habitat: marine.

koehleri, Scomber Curtiss [A.] 1938:61 [A short zoology of Tahiti in the Society islands; ref. 18057] At sea off Tautira, Tahiti, Society Islands. No types known.

koelreuteri, Scomber Schneider [J. G.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:570 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] No locality. No types known. •Synonym of Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Habitat: marine.

korab, Caranx Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:59, 75 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Unnecessary replacement name for Scomber ignobilis Forsskål 1775. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:400 (vol. 7), 16 (vol. 8) [ref. 30473]. •Synonym of Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kottelat 2013:333 [ref. 32989]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lacerta, Scomber Pallas [P. S.] 1814:218 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Littora Chersonesi Tauricae. No types known. •Synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:380 [ref. 7198], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:753 [ref. 18644], Parin 2003:S8 [ref. 28536], Parin et al. 2014:364 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lacertus, Scomber scomber var. Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:209 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] No locality stated. No types known. •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lactarius, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:31 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Syntypes: ZMB 8761 (1, dry, lost), 8762 (1, dry, lost). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:93 [ref. 24282]. •Valid as Lactarius lactarius (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:194 [ref. 19754], Paxton et al. 1989:569 [ref. 12442], Winterbottom et al. 1989:33 [ref. 13251], Krishnan & Mishra 1993:223 [ref. 24016], Krishnan & Mishra 1994:290 [ref. 24014], Goren & Dor 1994:35 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:169 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:414 [ref. 27969], Carpenter et al. 1997:154 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:58 [ref. 26476], Fricke 1999:240 [ref. 24106], Mishra & Srinivasan 1999:244 [ref. 24754], Leis 1999:2649 [ref. 24838], Mishra et al. 1999:86 [ref. 25315], Lim in Randall & Lim 2000:615 [ref. 25122], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:186 [ref. 25703], Hutchins 2001:32 [ref. 25847], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S106 [ref. 27377], Paxton et al. 2006:1130 [ref. 28994], Motomura 2009:112 [ref. 30446], Golani & Bogorodsky 2010:70 [ref. 35264], Larson et al. 2013:117 [ref. 32988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:212 [ref. 34104], Motomura in Kimura et al. 2018:122 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:75 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:143 [ref. 36673], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 22 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:414 [ref. 37272], Heemstra 2022:166 [ref. 39747]). Current status: Valid as Lactarius lactarius (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Lactariidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Gulf of Oman, Persian Gulf and Mascarenes (Mauritius) east to Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to Queensland (Australia). Habitat: brackish, marine.

lanceolatus, Scomber Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:204 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] New Zealand. No types known. •Synonym of Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen 1791) -- (Parin 1990:971 [ref. 19382], Nakamura & Parin 1993:54 [ref. 21769]). •Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Current status: Synonym of Leionura atun (Euphrasen 1791). Gempylidae. Habitat: marine.

latus, Scomber Gronow [L. T.] in Gray 1854:127 [Catalogue of fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow; ref. 1911] Off Carolina coast, U.S.A. Holotype: BMNH 1853.11.12.96 [Gronovius coll.] (skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:220 [ref. 13434]. •Synonym of Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Wheeler 1958:220 [ref. 13434], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:736 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus 1766). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

leachianus, Thynnus Risso [A.] 1827:416 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Scomber quadripunctatus Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1817 -- (Postel 1973:471 [ref. 7208]). •Synonym of Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:34 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:981 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:4 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque 1810). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

leopardus, Scomber Shaw [G.] 1803:591 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Visakhapatnam, Bay of Bengal, east coast of India, 17.71°N, 83.37°E [Coromandel coast of India]. Neotype: CMFRI GB 31.135.21.1. Based on Russell 1803, Pl. 134 [ref. 13862]. Neotype designated by Abdussamad et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40617]. •Synonym of Scomberomorus guttatus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:65 [ref. 5375], Collette & Russo 1985:630 [ref. 5221], Collette 2003:11 [ref. 27312]). •Valid as Scomberomorus leopardus (Shaw 1803) -- (Jeena et al. 2022:20 [ref. 39335], Abdussamad et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40617]). Current status: Valid as Scomberomorus leopardus (Shaw 1803). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Northern Indian Ocean: Bay of Bengal, north of Chennai and Andaman Sea, India. IUCN (2023): Not Assessed. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lepturus, Scomber Agassiz [L.] 1874:no page number, Pl. 2 [Pisces Celebes. Icones Piscium.; ref. 15837] No locality. No types known. Plate with name, no description. •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:48 [ref. 5375], Collette 2003:7 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

linnei, Thynnus Malm [A. W.] 1877:412 [ ref. 2881] No types known. Original as Linnéi. Tentatively regarded as an unneeded new name for and objective synonym of Scomber thynnus Linnaeus 1758 (to avoid "Strickland tautonomy"). Locality Sweden. •Synonym of Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Collette 2003:14 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus 1758). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

linnei, Trachurus Malm [A. W.] 1877:421 [ ref. 2881] Original as Linnéi. Tentatively regarded as an unneeded replacement name for Scomber trachurus Linnaeus 1758 (to avoid "Strickland tautonomy"). Locality Sweden. •Synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:381 [ref. 7198], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:753 [ref. 18644]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

loo, Scomber Lesson [R. P.] 1829:277 [Dictionnaire Classique de Histoire Naturelle v. 15 (1829), RUA-S. v. 16 (1830), T-Z; ref. 13391] Port Praslin, New Ireland Island, Bismarck Archipelago. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-2910 (poor condition). Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:374 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:451-452, Fig. 27 [ref. 20804], Collette 1966:364 [ref. 14641]. Also appeared in Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:52 [ref. 1000]. •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:48 [ref. 5375], Dor 1984:263 [ref. 29757], Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

lutescens, Scomber Solander [D. C.] in Richardson 1843:26 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 11 (nos 67-8, 71-2); ref. 13395] Ocean; Australian streams; New Zealand. No types known. Based on Solander manuscript and a Parkinson drawing. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

lysan, Scomber Fabricius [J. C.] in Niebuhr (ex Forsskål) 1775:54, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, or [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Lectotype: ZMUC P46435 (dry skin). Paralectotypes: ZMUC P46436 (1, dry skin, head missing). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:63 [ref. 9588]. Spelled lyzan in Lacepède 1801:317 [ref. 2710] and Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:387 [ref. 1000]. Lectotype selected and figured by Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:22 [ref. 20847]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:33 [ref. 30182]. •Valid as Scomberoides lysan (Forsskål 1775) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:205 [ref. 7106], Dor 1984:130 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:153 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz 1986:655 [ref. 5718], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:317 [ref. 6207], Allen & Swainston 1988:74 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:582 [ref. 12442], Winterbottom et al. 1989:34 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:165 [ref. 15987], Gunn 1990:44 [ref. 20141], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:825 [ref. 20764], Kuiter 1993:178 [ref. 23929], Goren & Dor 1994:34 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:185 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:444 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:116 [ref. 23977], Larson & Williams 1997:358 [ref. 23967], Carpenter et al. 1997:164 [ref. 23922], Randall et al. 1997:165 [ref. 25919], Kimura et al. 1998:510 [ref. 23341], Lin & Shao 1999:64 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:142 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:254 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2732 [ref. 24833], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Allen 2000:88 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:794 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:236 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:13 [ref. 25806], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Kimura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:197 [ref. 27511], Nakabo 2002:794 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:38 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:625 [ref. 27495], Lobel & Lobel 2004:71 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:15 [ref. 27624], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:311 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:234 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:371 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:1164 [ref. 28997], Randall 2007:237 [ref. 30952], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Fricke et al. 2009:58 [ref. 30213], Kimura 2009:124 [ref. 30425], Motomura et al. 2010:117 [ref. 31256], Ho & Shao 2011: 45 [ref. 31432], Allen & Erdmann 2012:437 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:259 [ref. 32706], Larson et al. 2013:123 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:335 [ref. 32989], Fricke et al. 2014:83 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:6 [ref. 33988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:227 [ref. 34104], Miesen et al. 2016:89 [ref. 34492], Koeda et al. 2016:38 [ref. 35333], Ali et al. 2018:324 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:186 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:86 [ref. 36273], Suresh et al. 2018:209 [ref. 36495], Eagderi et al. 2019:51 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:148 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:75 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:430 [ref. 37272], Zajonz et al. 2022:121 [ref. 40522]). •Valid as Scomberoides lysan (Fabricius 1775) -- (Fricke 2008:33 [ref. 30182], Smith-Vaniz 2022:57 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Valid as Scomberoides lysan (Fabricius 1775). Carangidae: Scomberoidinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to Ryukyu Islands (Japan), south to Western Australia, New South Wales (Australia), Tonga and Rapa (French Polynesia). Habitat: brackish, marine.

macarello, Scomber Gistel [J.] 1848:108 [Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs; ref. 1822] European coasts. Gempylidae.

macrophthalmus, Scomber Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:20, 53 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Spelled macrophthalmus on p. 53 and macrophithalmus on p. 20, the latter regarded as a misspelling. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Postel 1973:466 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:986 [ref. 19476]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

maculatus, Scomber Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:426, Pl. 6 (fig. 8) [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Scomberomorus maculatus (Mitchill 1815) -- (Postel 1973:473 [ref. 7208], Kong 1978 [ref. 21299], Collette & Nauen 1983:65 [ref. 5375], Collette & Russo 1985:641 [ref. 5221], Robins & Ray 1986:260 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:456 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:180 [ref. 14674], Boschung 1992:169 [ref. 23239], Murdy et al. 1997:182 [ref. 23144], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:587 [ref. 24023], Banford et al. 1999:597 [ref. 23912], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:463 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:332 [ref. 25013], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Camargo & Isaac 2001:143 [ref. 27639], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:530 [ref. 26158], Collette 2003:1851 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:11 [ref. 27312], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:782 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:182 [ref. 32708], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36407], Collette & Graves 2019:180 [ref. 37341], Zeng et al. 2022:160 [ref. 40510], Carvalho-Filho 2023:251 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Scomberomorus maculatus (Mitchill 1815). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New England (U.S.A.) south to northern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: marine.

maculatus, Scomber Couch [J.] 1832:22, Fig. 8 [Magazine of Natural History and Journal of Zoology, Botany, Minerology, Geology, and Meterology v. 5 (no. 23, art. 4); ref. 5557] Cornwall, England. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Scomber maculatus Mitchill 1815. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Postel 1973:466 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Gilhen & McAllister 1989 [ref. 14670], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

maculosus, Scomber Shaw [G.] 1803:592 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Vizagapatam, India. No types known. •Synonym of Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède 1800) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:63 [ref. 5375], Collette 2003:10 [ref. 27312], Collette 2022:283 [ref. 40167]). Current status: Synonym of Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède 1800). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

madagascariensis, Scomber Shaw [G.] 1803:590 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Unneeded new name for Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacepède 1801. •Objective synonym of Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacepède 1801 -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:194 [ref. 7106], Daget & Smith-Vaniz 1986:316 [ref. 6207]). Current status: Synonym of Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacepède 1801. Carangidae: Scomberoidinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

malabaricus, Olistus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:137, Pl. 251 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] Malabar, India. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-3061. Paralectotypes: MNHN A-0588 (1) Seychelles. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:25 [ref. 12247] with MNHN 3061 as holotype; MNHN 3061 designated lectotype by Eschmeyer 1998:1007 [ref. 23416]. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied in Carangoides by Scomber malabaricus Bloch & Schneider 1801. •Synonym of Carangoides hedlandensis (Whitley 1934) -- (Smith-Vaniz 2022:41 [ref. 39876]). •Synonym of Atropus hedlandensis (Whitley 1934) -- (Kimura et al. 2022:36 [ref. 38998] as nomen oblitum). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Atropus hedlandensis (Whitley 1934). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

malabaricus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:31 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Tranquebariam [Tharangambadi], India. Holotype (unique): ZMB 8760 (right skin). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:55 [ref. 24282]. •Valid as Caranx malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Cheng & Zhou 1997:265 [ref. 26385]). •Valid as Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:204 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:125 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:157 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz 1986:645 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:70 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:576 [ref. 12442], Randall et al. 1990:160 [ref. 15987], Krishnan & Mishra 1993:224 [ref. 24016], Goren & Dor 1994:34 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:179 [ref. 22896], Gunn 1990:32 [ref. 20141], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:430 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:112 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:159 [ref. 23922], Chen et al. 1997:62 [ref. 26476], Randall et al. 1997:160 [ref. 25919], Lin & Shao 1999:53 [ref. 23921], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2704 [ref. 24833], Mishra et al. 1999:86 [ref. 25315], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:807 [ref. 25086], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:186 [ref. 25703], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:807 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:37 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Khan 2003:9 [ref. 27710], Parin 2003:S6 [ref. 28536], Hoese & Gates 2006:1154 [ref. 28997], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Allen & Erdmann 2012:431 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:120 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:118 [ref. 34464], Parin et al. 2014:360 [ref. 33547], Psomadakis et al. 2015:220 [ref. 34104], Bogorodsky et al. 2017:12 [ref. 35534], Ali et al. 2018:323 [ref. 36183], Fricke et al. 2018:182 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:84 [ref. 36273], Jawad et al. 2018:106 [ref. 36262], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:130 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:48 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:421 [ref. 37272], Smith-Vaniz 2022:42 [ref. 39876]). •Valid as Platycaranx malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Kimura et al. 2022:37 [ref. 38998], Vilasri et al. 2023:82 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Platycaranx malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf and Madagascar east to Philippines and New Guinea, north to Japan and Kuril Islands, south to Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia) and New South Wales (Australia). Habitat: marine.

maldivicus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:26 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] "Mari Hispanico et Indico circa insulas Maldivicas." No types known. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

marplatensis, Pneumatophorus japonicus López [R. B.] 1955:25 [Revista de la Asociación Argentina de Dietología: publicación trimestral dedicada al estudio de la nutrición humana v. 13; ref. 19689] Mar del Plata, Argentina. Syntypes: MACN uncat. (10), only 6 found in 1966. Also mentioned as new and illustrated by López 1959:pl. [ref. 31429] •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:136 [ref. 25942]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

mediterraneus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:23 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. Replacement name for Scomber pelamis Brünnich 1768, preoccupied by Scomber pelamis Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793) -- (Postel 1973:475 [ref. 7208], Collette & Chao 1975:607 [ref. 5573], Collette & Nauen 1983:53 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:985 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536], Parin et al. 2014:512 [ref. 33547]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

melliet, Scomber equula var. Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:220 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] •Not a new name but reference to a vernacular name in Forsskål 1775. Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

micans, Scomber Solander [D. C.] in Richardson 1843:27 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 11 (nos 67-8, 71-2); ref. 13395] Motuari, Bay of Islands, New Zealand. No types known. Based on Solander manuscript. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

microlepidotus, Scomber Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1836:38, Pl. 11 (fig. 2) [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Syntypes: SMF 503 (3). •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:48 [ref. 5375], Dor 1984:263 [ref. 29757], Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312], Golani & Fricke 2018:170 [ref. 36273], Collette 2022:279 [ref. 40167]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

minimus, Scomber equula Forsskål [P. S.] in Niebuhr 1775:58, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Named on p. xii, tied to description on p. 58 through common name. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:34 [ref. 30182]. Nomen oblitum according to Fricke 2008:34 [ref. 30182]. •In the synonymy of Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes 1835) -- (Dor 1984:134 [ref. 29757], Golani & Fricke 2018:88 [ref. 36273]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

minutus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1795:110, Pl. 429 (fig. 2) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 9; ref. 464] Malabar [erroneous, is Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India.] Holotype (unique): ZMB 1670. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:94 [ref. 24282]. On p. 110 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 12 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:132 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:134 [ref. 29757], Uyeno & Yabumoto in Masuda et al. 1984:159 [ref. 6441], Jones 1985:569 [ref. 21842], Smith 1986:620 [ref. 5712], Yu & Zhou in Kuang et al. 1986:235 [ref. 26639] dated 1797, Allen & Swainston 1988:76 [ref. 25477], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:827 [ref. 20764], Kottelat et al. 1993:111 [ref. 23448], Krishnan & Mishra 1993:225 [ref. 24016], Krishnan & Mishra 1994:289 [ref. 24014], Goren & Dor 1994:35 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:191 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:342 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:118 [ref. 23977], Yamashita et al. 1998:276 [ref. 23474], Mishra et al. 1999:86 [ref. 25315], Kimura et al. 2000:1 [ref. 24478], Nakabo 2000:809 [ref. 25086], Woodland in Randall & Lim 2000:617 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:344 [ref. 25191], Bijukumar & Sushama 2000:186 [ref. 25703], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:100 [ref. 26368], Kimura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:215 [ref. 27511] dated 1775, Yamashita & Kimura 2001:165 [ref. 25380], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Woodland et al. 2001:2799 [ref. 26095], Nakabo 2002:809 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:38 [ref. 26830] dated to 1797, Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S108 [ref. 27377], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:82 [ref. 27510], Mishra & Krishnan 2003:32 [ref. 27712], Ataur Rahman 2003:362 [ref. 31338], Randall et al. 2004:16 [ref. 27624] dated 1797, Ikejima et al. 2004:908 [ref. 27755], Sparks & Dunlap 2004:7 [ref. 27928], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:275 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:239 [ref. 28239], Hoese & Bray 2006:1177 [ref. 29000], Chakrabarty et al. 2008:151 [ref. 32414], Chakrabarty et al. 2009:151 [ref. 30295] dated 1797, Kimura 2009:130 [ref. 30426], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:113 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31311], Allen & Erdmann 2012:441 [ref. 31980], Jawad & Al-mamry 2013:3 [ref. 32492], Larson et al. 2013:127 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:338 [ref. 32989], Yoshida et al. 2013:126 [ref. 34464], Psomadakis et al. 2015:234 [ref. 34104], Motomura et al. 2017:124 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:190 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:88 [ref. 36273], Eagderi et al. 2019:76 [ref. 37020], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 22 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:439 [ref. 37272], Giat in Motomura et al. 2021:31 [ref. 38121], Sharifuzzaman et al. 2021:[3] [ref. 38872], Yuki et al. 2021:11 [ref. 38517], Taki et al. 2021:388 [ref. 39830], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2022:423 [ref. 39869], Vilasri et al. 2023:84 [ref. 40764]). Current status: Valid as Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Madagascar and Mascarenes (Mauritius) east to Philippines and Society Islands (French Polynesia), north to Tosa Bay (southern Japan), south to northwestern Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Habitat: brackish, marine.

moluccensis, Scomber Bleeker [P.] 1856:40 [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 1; ref. 311] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Syntypes: (3) RMNH 6038 (2). Type catalog: Boeseman 1964:462, Fig. 2 [ref. 20805]. •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:48 [ref. 5375], Collette 2003:7 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

neglectus, Scomber van Kampen [P. N.] 1907:7, Pl. [Bulletin de Départment de l'agriculture aux Indies néerlandaises v. 8; ref. 15148] Java, Indonesia. No types known. Based in part on literature sources. •Synonym of Rastrelliger brachysoma (Bleeker 1851) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:46 [ref. 5375], Collette 2001:3737 [ref. 26305], Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger brachysoma (Bleeker 1851). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

niger, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:57, Pl. 337 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Southern seas between Africa and America. No types known. On p. 48 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Monod 1973:371 [ref. 7193], Dor 1984:121 [ref. 29757], Shaffer & Nakamura 1989:1 [ref. 13517], Quéro 1990:723 [ref. 18537], Golani & Fricke 2018:81 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Synonym of Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus 1766). Rachycentridae. Habitat: marine.

nigricollis, Scomber Shaw [G.] 1803:597 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] Japan. Family may be incorrect. Apparently an unneeded new name for Centrogaster argentatus Houttuyn 1782 (via Gmelin). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: marine.

nuda, Pelamys Günther [A.] 1860:368 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Holotype (unique): SMF 2739 (stuffed). Replacement name for Thynnus unicolor Rüppell 1836, preoccupied by Scomber unicolor Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1817 when both species are placed in Pelamys. •Synonym of Gymnosarda unicolor (Rüppell 1836) -- (Collette & Chao 1975:613 [ref. 5573], Collette & Nauen 1983:37 [ref. 5375], Dor 1984:262 [ref. 29757], Randall 1995:373 [ref. 22896], Collette 2001:3735 [ref. 26305] dated 1838, Collette 2003:5 [ref. 27312], Randall 2005:610 [ref. 28239], Golani & Fricke 2018:170 [ref. 36273], Collette 2022:277 [ref. 40167]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Gymnosarda unicolor (Rüppell 1836). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

occidentalis, Gasterosteus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:295 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] America. No types known. See comments for Scomber saurus Bloch & Schneider 1801. •In the synonymy of Scomber saurus Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Bloch & Schneider 1801: 32 [ref. 471]). •In the synonymy of Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Scomberoidinae. Habitat: marine.

ocellatus, Scomber Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:223 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] South America. No types known. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

ocellatus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:37 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] South America. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Scomber ocellatus Walbaum 1792 and based on the same literature source. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). 1°Homonym. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

pacificus, Thynnus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:133 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Indian Ocean. Syntypes: MNHN A-6862 (1) Indian seas. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:377 [ref. 20733] and Blanc & Bauchot 1964:456, Fig. 37 [ref. 20804] as holotype; Collette 1966:373 [ref. 14641]. Based on Scomber germo Lacepède 1800 (ex Commerson manuscript) and a specimen; not regarded as a replacement name. Collette 1966:373 [ref. 14641] treated as a replacement name. •Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:99 [ref. 13640], Collette 1990:991 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:14 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Thunnus alalunga (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

paiuy, Scomber Basilewsky [S.] 1855:224 [Nouveaux mémoires de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou v. 10; ref. 200] Oriental Sea. No types at ZIN. Originally as Scomber Pa-iuy. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

palamitus, Scomber Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:44, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Palermo, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:20 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793) -- (Postel 1973:475 [ref. 7208], Collette & Chao 1975:607 [ref. 5573], Collette & Nauen 1983:53 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:985 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Parin et al. 2014:512 [ref. 33547], Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

pallasii, Sypterus Eichwald [C. E. von] 1831:69 [Zoologia specialis quam expositis animalibus tum vivis Pars posterior [3]; ref. 5562] Black Sea near Odessa, Ukraine. No types known. Replacement name for Scomber sypterus Pallas 1814 (to avoid Strickland tautonymy). •Synonym of Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Monod 1973:369 [ref. 7193], Dooley 1990:721 [ref. 18458], Parin 2003:S5 [ref. 28536]). •Correctly as a synonym of Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Parin et al. 2014:357 [ref. 33547]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus 1766). Pomatomidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

palometa, Trachynotus Regan [C. T.] 1903:349 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 12 (no. 69) (art. 32); ref. 3618] Martinique Island, West Indies. Replacement name for Chaetodon glaucus Bloch 1787, preoccupied by Scomber glaucus Linnaeus 1758:298 [ref. 2787]. •Synonym of Trachinotus goodei Jordan & Evermann 1896 -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:246 [ref. 25013]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Trachinotus goodei Jordan & Evermann 1896. Carangidae: Trachinotinae. Habitat: marine.

pelagicus, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] 1758:299 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] No locality. Holotype: NRM 4221. Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:244-245 [ref. 20707]. •Synonym of Coryphaena equiselis Linnaeus 1758 -- (Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:245 [ref. 20707] based on holotype). •Synonym of Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Tortonese 1973:385 [ref. 7192], Palko et al. 1982:1 [ref. 39497], Tortonese 1990:756 [ref. 18658]). Current status: Synonym of Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus 1758. Coryphaenidae. Habitat: marine.

pelamides, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1801:14 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] Pacific and Atlantics. No types known. Unnecessary replacement name for Scomber pelamis Linnaeus 1758. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:284, 335 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473]. •Synonym of Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:42 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:982 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus 1758). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

pelamis, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] 1758:297 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Pelagic, between the tropics. No types known. Spelled pelamys in early literature. •Valid as Euthynnus pelamis (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:272 [ref. 9277], Robins & Ray 1986:262 [ref. 23100]). •Valid as Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Postel 1973:471 [ref. 7208], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:279 [ref. 7348], Kyushin et al. 1977:310 [ref. 19756], Collette & Nauen 1983:42 [ref. 5375], Sheiko 1983:18 [ref. 37041], Dor 1984:262 [ref. 29757], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:226 [ref. 6441], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:986 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:834 [ref. 5647], Allen & Swainston 1988:142 [ref. 25477], Scott & Scott 1988:450 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:230 [ref. 24556], Winterbottom et al. 1989:65 [ref. 13251], McAllister 1990:179 [ref. 14674], Randall et al. 1990:443 [ref. 15987], Collette 1990:982 [ref. 19476], Boschung 1992:168 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:416 [ref. 23827], Kuiter 1993:378 [ref. 23929], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:172 [ref. 25472], Cervigón 1994:245 [ref. 24488], Gomon et al. 1994:822 [ref. 22532], Allen & Robertson 1994:277 [ref. 22193], Goren & Dor 1994:70 [ref. 25356], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1532 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:373 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:505 [ref. 27969], Santos et al. 1997:107 [ref. 23531], Allen 1997:230 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:161 [ref. 26476], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:584 [ref. 24023], Arruda 1997:100 [ref. 24952], Randall et al. 1997:443 [ref. 25919], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:397 [ref. 24555], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:14 [ref. 24670], Fricke 1999:564 [ref. 24106], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:331 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25466], Johnson 1999:751 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:29 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:94 [ref. 37268], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1348 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:482 [ref. 25191], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Collette 2001:3736 [ref. 26305], Collette et al. 2001:3 [ref. 25629], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:142 [ref. 26753], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:519 [ref. 26158], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:807 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:1348 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 673 [ref. 26218], Collette et al. 2003:125 [ref. 26784], Collette 2003:1846 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:5 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:102 [ref. 27192], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:211 [ref. 27510], Parin 2003:S28 [ref. 28536], Heemstra et al. 2004:3331 [ref. 27945], Lobel & Lobel 2004:77 [ref. 27576], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Randall et al. 2004:30 [ref. 27624], Golani 2005:60 [ref. 37112], Love et al. 2005:167 [ref. 37547], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:778 [ref. 28815], Mundy 2005:505 [ref. 28379], Vaske et al. 2005:78 [ref. 36155], Bray et al. 2006:1773 [ref. 29091], Fricke et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29533], Wirtz et al. 2007:41 [ref. 30263], Fricke 2008:56 [ref. 30182], Gomon 2008:785 [ref. 30616], Fricke et al. 2009:112 [ref. 30213], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:69 [ref. 36649], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:134 [ref. 32972], Larson et al. 2013:218 [ref. 32988], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:83 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:512 [ref. 33547], Fricke et al. 2014:187 [ref. 33932], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167], Psomadakis et al. 2015:314 [ref. 34104], Roberts 2015:1631 [ref. 34193], Pinheiro et al. 2015:32 [ref. 34324], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2905 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:106 [ref. 35333], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565], Kells et al. 2016:316 [ref. 35888], Motomura et al. 2017:212 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:362 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:170 [ref. 36273], Martins & Carneiro 2018:63 [ref. 36550], Brown et al. 2019:173 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:92 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:167 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Eagderi et al. 2019:104 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:311 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:160 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36871], Collette & Graves 2019:78 [ref. 37341], Reiner 2019:279 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:82 [ref. 37515], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:181 [ref. 39118], Moore et al. 2020:110 [ref. 37357], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Psomadakis et al. 2020:571 [ref. 37272], Robertson et al. 2020:161 [ref. 38098], Sonoyama et al. 2020:113 [ref. 37637], Akyol in Santín et al. 2021:213 [ref. 38223], Bañón & Maño 2021:94 [ref. 38887], Dragičević & Dulčić in Tsagarakis et al. 2021:640 [ref. 38798], Eduardo et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38817], Golani 2021:83 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:211 [ref. 39279], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:437 [ref. 38945], Collette 2022:278 [ref. 40167], Fermon et al. 2022:213 [ref. 39448], Zajonz et al. 2022:248 [ref. 40522], Carvalho-Filho 2023:250 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505], Azzola et al. 2024:4 [ref. 40957]). Current status: Valid as Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus 1758). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Persian Gulf, South China Sea, Sea of Japan, southern Gulf of California/Mexico). Habitat: marine.

pelamis, Scomber Brünnich [M. T.] 1768:68 [Ichthyologia Massiliensis, sistens piscium descriptiones eorumque apud incolas nomina; ref. 17290] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). No types known. Perhaps not intended as new as the diagnosis agrees with Scomber pelamis Linnaeus 1758, but counts differ. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Scomber pelamis Linnaeus 1758 (= Katsuwonus pelamis). •Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793) -- (Postel 1973:475 [ref. 7208], Collette & Chao 1975:607 [ref. 5573], Collette 1990:984 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

peruanus, Pneumatophorus Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1925:211 [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 10 (no. 2); ref. 2486] Bay of Callao, Peru. Holotype: FMNH 58739 [ex CM 7847]. Paratypes: CAS-SU 6218 (2). Type catalog: Henn 1928:89 [ref. 12305], Böhlke 1953:104-105 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:67 [ref. 12367]). •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782, but a valid subspecies -- (Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:396 [ref. 24555]). •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1536 [ref. 22830], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

pilitschei, Caranxomorus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:709, 710 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 4; ref. 4929] Côte de Malabar [erroneous, is Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India.] Holotype (unique): ZMB 1670. Unnecessary replacement name for Scomber minutus Bloch 1795. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:25, 29 (vol. 8) [ref. 30473]. •Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795) -- (Kottelat 2013:338 [ref. 32989], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2022:423 [ref. 39869]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

platinoides, Scomber Solander [D. C.] in Richardson 1843:28 [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (New Series) v. 11 (nos 67-8, 71-2); ref. 13395] Tolaga, New Zealand. No types known. Based on Solander manuscript and a Parkinson drawing. •Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:743 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

plumbeus, Scomber Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:424, Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Pomatomidae. Habitat: marine.

plumieri, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:77, Pl. 344 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Antilles. No types known. On p. 67 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Synonym of Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch 1793) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:744 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

plumierii, Scomber ductor var. Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:32 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Antilles. No types known. Based on Scomber ductor Linnaeus 1758 (part) of Bloch 1793:Pl. 338 [ref. 4868], taken from a manuscript of Plumier. •Synonym of Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Habitat: marine.

pneumatophorus, Scomber Delaroche [F. E.] 1809:334 [48] [Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris v. 13; ref. 17380] [Iviça] Ibiza, Baleares Islands, Spain, western Mediterranean Sea. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-5284. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:375 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:452, Fig. 28 [ref. 20804], Collette 1966:364 [ref. 14641]. On p. 48 of separate. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Postel 1973:466 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:986 [ref. 19476]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

ponticus, Scomber Pallas [P. S.] 1814:217 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Black Sea, Crimea. No types known. •Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793) -- (Collette & Chao 1975:607 [ref. 5573], Collette & Nauen 1983:53 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:985 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536]). Current status: Synonym of Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

punctatus, Caranx Cuvier [G.] (ex Mitchill) 1829:208 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] New York, U.S.A. No types known. Non-types: MNHN 0000-5951 (3), 5952 (2). Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:17 [ref. 12247] but with types from 1833 publication. Available from footnote 1 as, "Car. punctatus, N., nommé Scomber hippos, par Mitch., Trans. de New-York, I, v, 5; mais qui n'est pas l'hippos de Linnaeus." Based on Scomber hippos (non Linnaeus 1766) of Mitchill 1815:Pl. 5 (fig. 5) [ref. 13292]. Also in Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1833:38 [ref. 1002] •Valid as Decapterus punctatus (Cuvier 1829) -- (Herrera 1896:46 [ref. 39336] with author as Gill, Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:328 [ref. 14275], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:829 [ref. 13676], Robins & Ray 1986:161 [ref. 23100], Smith-Vaniz 1986:651 [ref. 5718], Scott & Scott 1988:377 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:146 [ref. 14674], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:737 [ref. 18644], Boschung 1992:131 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:287 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:75 [ref. 24474], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:157 [ref. 25472], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:240 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:73 [ref. 25466], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:160 [ref. 27754], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1446 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:80 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:140 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:283 [ref. 28815], Wirtz et al. 2007:32 [ref. 30263], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Page et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32708], Kimura et al. 2013:[2] [ref. 32890], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:48 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33516], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2486 [ref. 34618], Brown et al. 2019:168 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37250], Reiner 2019:194 [ref. 38139], Robertson et al. 2020:152 [ref. 38098], Kovačić et al. 2021:86 [ref. 39014], Marceniuk in Marceniuk et al. 2021:346 [ref. 38945], Fermon et al. 2022:238 [ref. 39448], Carvalho-Filho 2023:144 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Martínez-Servín et al. 2023:112 [ref. 40726], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Decapterus punctatus (Cuvier 1829). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) and Bermuda south to Sao Paulo (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; southern-central Atlantic: Ascension Island and Saint Helena Island (U.K.); eastern Atlantic: Mauritania south to Walvis Bay (Namibia), including Madeira (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), Cape Verde Islands, and São Tomé and Principe. IUCN (2015): Least concern. Habitat: marine.

punctatus, Scomber Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:37 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Near New Zealand. Syntypes: BMNH 1869.2.23.42-44 (3). Based on description in manuscript by Forster (Johann Reinhold Forster, 1729-1798, German explorer and naturalist of Cook's second voyage). McDowall 1976:490 [ref. 32873] dates to Forster 1792 as a nomen nudum; not equal to punctatus Forster 1801. •Valid as Seriolella punctata (Forster 1801) -- (Haedrich 1967:72 [ref. 5357], Stehmann & Lenz 1973:182 [ref. 21561], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:235 [ref. 24556], Nakamura in Amaoka et al. 1990:318 [ref. 16024], Gomon et al. 1994:837 [ref. 22532], Bruce et al. 2001:631 [ref. 25554], Hoese & Bray 2006:17921 [ref. 29000], Gomon 2008:799 [ref. 30616], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:119 [ref. 36167], Stewart et al. 2015:1659 [ref. 34306]). Current status: Valid as Seriolella punctata (Forster 1801). Centrolophidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic, South Pacific and subantarctic islands. Habitat: marine.

punctatus, Scomber Couch [J.] 1849:xxix, Fig. [The Zoologist: a Popular Miscellany of Natural History v. 7 (Appendix, art. 4); ref. 18051] Looe, Cornish coast, England. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Also in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Penzance, v. 1:352-355, Pl. 3 (fig. 1). •Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Postel 1973:465 [ref. 7208] with 1867 date, Collette 1990:988 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

quadripunctatus, Scomber Geoffroy St. Hilaire [E.] 1817:no page number, Pl. 24 (fig. 5) [Poissons du Nil v. 1 (part 1); ref. 4184] Red Sea [erroneous, should be Egypt, Mediterranean Sea]. No types known. •Valid as Euthynnus quadripunctatus (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1817) -- (Postel 1973:471 [ref. 7208]). •Synonym of Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque 1810) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:34 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:981 [ref. 19476], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:141 [ref. 26753], Collette 2003:4 [ref. 27312], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:69 [ref. 36649], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2904 [ref. 34618], Bariche & Fricke 2020:82 [ref. 37515]). Current status: Synonym of Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque 1810). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

reani, Scomber Day [F.] 1871:690 [14] [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1870 (pt 3); ref. 1078] Andaman Islands, east of Bay of Bengal. Syntypes: AMS B.8140 (1); ZSI 1841 (1), B.109 (1). Type catalog: Whitehead & Talwar 1976:162 [ref. 23762], Ferraris et al. 2000:301 [ref. 25110]. On p. 14 of separate. •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:48 [ref. 5375], Collette 2003:7 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

regalis, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:38, Pl. 333 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Martinique, West Indies. No types known. On p. 31 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. Bauchot & Blanc 1961:372 [ref. 20733] list "neosyntypes" based on treatment by Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:184 [ref. 1000]; Bloch's holotype destroyed; Collette 1966:367 [ref. 14641] correctly recognized them as non-types. •Valid as Scomberomorus regalis (Bloch 1793) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:75 [ref. 5375], Collette & Russo 1985:657 [ref. 5221], Robins & Ray 1986:260 [ref. 23100], Cervigón 1992:417 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1994:254 [ref. 24488], Banford et al. 1999:597 [ref. 23912], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:463 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Camargo & Isaac 2001:143 [ref. 27639], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:531 [ref. 26158], Collette 2003:1852 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:12 [ref. 27312], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:103 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:67 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:783 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:182 [ref. 32708], Catelani et al. 2014:933 [ref. 37496], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:83 [ref. 33341], Collette & Graves 2019:206 [ref. 37341], Robertson et al. 2020:161 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:75 [ref. 38844], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:441 [ref. 38945], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:69 [ref. 39585], Zeng et al. 2022:160 [ref. 40510], Carvalho-Filho 2023:251 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Scomberomorus regalis (Bloch 1793). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rhombeus, Chaetodon Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] 1801:235 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] No locality. Holotype (unique): ZMB. Subjectively invalid; secondarily preoccupied by Scomber rhombeus Forsskål 1775 in Psettus. The name Psettus sebae Cuvier 1829 serves as a replacement name. •Synonym of Monodactylus sebae (Cuvier 1829). 2°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Monodactylus sebae (Cuvier 1829). Monodactylidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

rhombeus, Scomber Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:58, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Holotype (unique): ZMUC P50556 (dry skin). Type catalog: Nielsen 1974:68 [ref. 9588], Fricke 2008:43 [ref. 30182]. Holotype figured in Klausewitz & Nielsen 1965:Pl. 29 [ref. 20847]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:44 [ref. 30182]. •Synonym of Monodactylus argenteus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Dor 1984:165 [ref. 29757], Desoutter 1986:338 [ref. 6212], Fricke 2008:43 [ref. 30182], Kottelat 2013:362 [ref. 32989], Golani & Fricke 2018:105 [ref. 36273]). Current status: Synonym of Monodactylus argenteus (Linnaeus 1758). Monodactylidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

rim, Scomber Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:54, xi [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Originally Scomber rim, speciosus on p. 54; Scomber speciosus on p. xii; see account of Scomber speciosus Forsskål. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:252 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

rocheanus, Thynnus Risso [A.] 1827:417 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN A-5808. An unneeded new name for and objective synonym of Scomber rochei Risso 1810 because of reference to "Riss., Ichthyol., 165, 3." following the description. •Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810) -- (Postel 1973:470 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:29 [ref. 5375], Collette & Aadland 1996:436 [ref. 22199]). •Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810), subspecies rochei -- (Collette 2003:3 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

rochei, Scomber Risso [A.] 1810:165 [Ichthyologie de Nice; ref. 3755] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Holotype: MNHN A-5808. Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256] Spelled rocheanus in Risso 1827:417 [ref. 3757]. Two subspecies: rochei and eudorax. •Valid as Auxis rochei (Risso 1810), subspecies rochei (Risso 1810) -- (Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Collette 2001:3729 [ref. 26305], Collette et al. 2001:3 [ref. 25629], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:517 [ref. 26158], Collette 2003:1843 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:2-3 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Parin 2003:S28 [ref. 28536], Love et al. 2005:167 [ref. 37547], Golani 2005:60 [ref. 37112], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:775 [ref. 28815], Mundy 2005:504 [ref. 28379], Randall 2007:447 [ref. 30952], Gomon 2008:783 [ref. 30616], Fricke et al. 2009:111 [ref. 30213], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:69 [ref. 36649], Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:134 [ref. 32972], Wirtz et al. 2014:10 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:511 [ref. 33547], Roberts 2015:1628 [ref. 34193], Motomura et al. 2017:211 [ref. 35490], Matsunuma in Kimura et al. 2018:275 [ref. 36460], Collette 2022:274 [ref. 40167], Fermon et al. 2022:212 [ref. 39448]). •Valid as Auxis rochei (Risso 1810) -- (Postel 1973:470 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:29 [ref. 5375], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:271 [ref. 9277], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:225 [ref. 6441], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:984 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:833 [ref. 5647], Robins & Ray 1986:261 [ref. 23100], Allen & Swainston 1988:144 [ref. 25477], Scott & Scott 1988:448 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:179 [ref. 14674], Randall et al. 1990:443 [ref. 15987], Collette 1990:979 [ref. 19476], Boschung 1992:168 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:415 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1994:242 [ref. 24488], Allen & Robertson 1994:277 [ref. 22193], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1529 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:372 [ref. 22896], Collette & Aadland 1996:435 [ref. 22199], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:499 [ref. 27969], Santos et al. 1997:106 [ref. 23531], Pequeño 1997:84 [ref. 23536], Allen 1997:232 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:223 [ref. 23922], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:271 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:581 [ref. 24023], Arruda 1997:99 [ref. 24952], Randall et al. 1997:443 [ref. 25919], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:396 [ref. 24555], Fricke 1999:563 [ref. 24106], Nakabo 2000:1347 [ref. 25182], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:141 [ref. 26753], Nakabo 2002:1347 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 672 [ref. 26218], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:102 [ref. 27192], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:210 [ref. 27510], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:416 [ref. 28072], Bray et al. 2006:1769 [ref. 29091], Fricke 2007:27 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:179 [ref. 30517], Larson et al. 2013:217 [ref. 32988], Psomadakis et al. 2015:313 [ref. 34104], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2902 [ref. 34618], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565], Kells et al. 2016:314 [ref. 35888], Ali et al. 2018:340 [ref. 36183], Martins & Carneiro 2018:60 [ref. 36550], Brown et al. 2019:173 [ref. 36444], Burton & Lea 2019:92 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:166 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Eagderi et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37020], Reiner 2019:277 [ref. 38139], Zajonz et al. 2019:108 [ref. 36871] as cf. rochei, Collette & Graves 2019:34 [ref. 37341], Bariche & Fricke 2020:82 [ref. 37515], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:181 [ref. 39118], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Psomadakis et al. 2020:569 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:112 [ref. 37637], Bañón & Maño 2021:94 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:82 [ref. 38303], Kim et al. 2021:214 [ref. 39117], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:211 [ref. 39279], Carvalho-Filho 2023:249 [ref. 40480], Ceríaco et al. 2023:47 [ref. 40710], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:263 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Auxis rochei (Risso 1810). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including western Baltic Sea, North Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Persian Gulf, South China Sea, Sea of Japan, Gulf of California/Mexico), but not in eastern Pacific (there replaced by A. eudorax Collette & Aadland 1996). Habitat: brackish, marine.

rostratus, Scomber Hermann [J.] 1804:304 [Observationes zoologicae; ref. 2146] No types known. Based on several literature sources. Xiphiidae.

rottleri, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:88, Pl. 346 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] East-India. Lectotype: ZMB 8763 (right skin). Paralectotypes: ZMB 8736 (1, left skin). Type catalog: Paepke 1999:55 [ref. 24282]. On p. 39 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. Lectotype selected by Paepke 1999:55 [ref. 24282]. Species epithet misspelled rotleri by Cuvier 1831:153 [ref. 30376]. •Synonym of Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Dor 1984:129 [ref. 29757], Hoese & Gates 2006:1161 [ref. 28997], Kottelat 2013:334 [ref. 32989], Golani & Fricke 2018:85 [ref. 36273], Smith-Vaniz 2022:54 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Synonym of Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

ruber, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:75, Pl. 342 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Saint Croix, United States Virgin Islands. Holotype (unique): ZMB 1535. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:55 [ref. 24282]. On p. 63 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. ZMB 1535 selected as lectotype by Paepke 1999:55 [ref. 24282], but Bloch mentioned that his description was based on a single specimen only. •Valid as Carangoides ruber (Bloch 1793) -- (Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:288 [ref. 24550], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:159 [ref. 27754], Gasparini & Floeter 2001:1644 [ref. 25634], Rocha & Rosa 2001:990 [ref. 25909], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1443 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:80 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:31 [ref. 27621], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:29 [ref. 31826], Wirtz et al. 2014:7 [ref. 33516]). •Valid as Caranx ruber (Bloch 1793) -- (Robins & Ray 1986:160 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:131 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:286 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:69 [ref. 24474], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:239 [ref. 25013], Collette et al. 2003:109 [ref. 26784], Nelson et al. 2004:140 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:280 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:47 [ref. 33341], Pinheiro et al. 2015:18 [ref. 34324], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2481 [ref. 34618], Robertson et al. 2016:145 [ref. 34961], Spier et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36103], Brown et al. 2019:167 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37250], Robertson et al. 2020:152 [ref. 38098], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:76 [ref. 38844], Bennema & van Moorsel 2022:69 [ref. 39585], Carvalho-Filho 2023:138 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Caranx ruber (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: New Jersey (U.S.A.) south to São Paulo (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; southern-central Atlantic: Ascension and Saint Helena islands; northeastern Atlantic: Azores. Habitat: marine.

saba, Scomber Bleeker [P.] 1854:405 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 13964] Nagasaki, Japan. Syntypes: RMNH 6035 (2). Type catalog: Boeseman 1964:463-464, Fig. 7 [ref. 20805]. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

saliens, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] (ex Plumier) 1793:49, Pl. 335 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Antilles, western Atlantic. No types known. Based on 'Pelamis minima, vulgo sauteur' in manuscript by Plumier (Charles Plumier, 1646-1704, French explorer and botanist). On p. 41 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Oligoplites saliens (Bloch 1793) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:218 [ref. 7106], Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:338 [ref. 14275], Cervigón 1992:289 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:85 [ref. 24474], González Bencomo et al. 1997:158 [ref. 24960], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Keith et al. 2000:98 [ref. 24547], Camargo & Isaac 2001:141 [ref. 27639], López et al. 2002:64 [ref. 26808], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1452 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:80 [ref. 27192], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Catelani et al. 2014:932 [ref. 37496], Fabiano et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33530], Nión et al. 2016:47 [ref. 35565], Spier et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Angulo 2021:9 [ref. 38913], Marceniuk in Marceniuk et al. 2021:351 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:142 [ref. 40480], Ceríaco et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40710]). Current status: Valid as Oligoplites saliens (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Scomberoidinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Honduras south to Uruguay, including central and southern Caribbean Sea. Habitat: brackish, marine.

saltator, Scomberoides Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Plumier) 1801:50, 55 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 3; ref. 2710] No locality [Antilles, western Atlantic]. No types known. Type catalog: Smith-Vaniz et al. 1979:40 [ref. 12247]. Apparently described independently of Scomber saliens Bloch 1793, but based on the same source. Illustrated on Pl. 19 (fig. 2) of v. 2, 1800 [ref. 2709], but with vernacular name. Based on 'Pelamis minima, vulgo sauteur' in manuscript by Plumier (Charles Plumier, 1646-1704, French explorer and botanist). Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:387, 392 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473]. •Synonym of Oligoplites saliens (Bloch 1793) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:218 [ref. 7106]). Current status: Synonym of Oligoplites saliens (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Scomberoidinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

saltatrix, Gasterosteus Linnaeus [C.] 1766:491 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina [South Carolina] and Virginia, U.S.A. Syntypes: LS 116 (left head), 135 (left half-skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1985:52-53 [ref. 20705]. Not the same as Perca saltatrix Linnaeus 1758. Misspelled sallatrix by Schöpf 1788:168 [ref. 18700]. The spelling saltator is the masculine form of saltatrix, as used in Scomber saltator by Bloch & Schneider 1801:35 [ref. 471], but it is a noun and should be retained in its original form. Based on the 'Skipjack' in manuscript description and 2 specimens sent by A. Garden [South Carolina], and on the 'Saltatrix, Skipjack' of Catesby 1743:14, Pl. 14, fig. 2 (v. 2) [ref. 774] [Virginia; (South) Carolina]. •Valid as Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Monod 1973:369 [ref. 7193], Tortonese in Whitehead et al. 1986:812 [ref. 13676], Dooley 1990:721 [ref. 18458], Cervigón 1993:43 [ref. 24474], Allen 1997:118 [ref. 23977], Santos et al. 1997:83 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:82 [ref. 24952], Popova 1998:121 [ref. 23588], Fricke 1999:240 [ref. 24106], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Afonso et al. 1999:84 [ref. 25466], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:96 [ref. 25942], Hutchins 2001:32 [ref. 25847], Roe et al. 2002:903 [ref. 26504], López et al. 2002:65 [ref. 26808], Parin 2003:S5 [ref. 28536], Golani 2005:38 [ref. 37112], Golani 2021:47 [ref. 38303]). •Valid as Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Herrera 1896:47 [ref. 39336], Smith 1986:421 [ref. 22186], Inada in Nakamura et al. 1986:206 [ref. 14235], Robins & Ray 1986:155 [ref. 23100], Smith 1986:564 [ref. 5712], Allen & Swainston 1988:76 [ref. 25477], Scott & Scott 1988:370 [ref. 25518], Paxton et al. 1989:570 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:60 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:145 [ref. 14674], Boschung 1992:128 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:386 [ref. 23827], Kuiter 1993:167 [ref. 23929], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:157 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:577 [ref. 22532], Randall 1995:169 [ref. 22896], Murdy et al. 1997:209 [ref. 23144], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:750 [ref. 24702], Kuiter 1997:152 [ref. 25488], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:270 [ref. 24550], Collette 1999:2650 [ref. 24785], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:230 [ref. 25013], Johnson 1999:733 [ref. 25471], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:615 [ref. 25122], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:159 [ref. 27754], Camargo & Isaac 2001:142 [ref. 27639], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:81 [ref. 26753], Gibson & Myers 2002:134 [ref. 26567], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:400 [ref. 26158], Collette 2003:1412 [ref. 27087], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S106 [ref. 27377], Moura et al. in Menezes et al. 2003:79 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:139 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:187 [ref. 28072], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:178 [ref. 28369], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:252 [ref. 28815], Paxton et al. 2006:1134 [ref. 28994], Fricke et al. 2007:83 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:89 [ref. 30517], Wirtz et al. 2007:31 [ref. 30263], Smith-Vaniz 2008:570 [ref. 30654], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:171 [ref. 31251], Bañon et al. 2010:16 [ref. 31029], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:43 [ref. 36649], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Di Dario et al. 2013:264 [ref. 37503], Page et al. 2013:143 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:123 [ref. 32972], Catelani et al. 2014:933 [ref. 37496], Fabiano et al. 2014:8 [ref. 33530], Parin et al. 2014:357 [ref. 33547], Psomadakis et al. 2015:212 [ref. 34104], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2439 [ref. 34618], Nión et al. 2016:47 [ref. 35565], Fricke et al. 2018:178 [ref. 35805], Martins & Carneiro 2018:129 [ref. 36550], Spier et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36103], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:248 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Hoschke et al. 2019:156 [ref. 36626], Ribeiro et al. 2019:7 [ref. 36717], Zajonz et al. 2019:75 [ref. 36871], Bariche & Fricke 2020:80 [ref. 37515], Iglésias et al. 2020:294 [ref. 37987], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Psomadakis et al. 2020:414 [ref. 37272], Abliazov et al. 2021:9 [ref. 38576], Bañón & Maño 2021:82 [ref. 38887], Kovačić et al. 2021:34 [ref. 39014], Marceniuk et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:540 [ref. 38945], Russell & van Oijen 2021:430 [ref. 38177], Fermon et al. 2022:211 [ref. 39448], Heemstra 2022:165 [ref. 39747], Niță et al. 2022:101 [ref. 40471], Zajonz et al. 2022:102 [ref. 40522], Carvalho-Filho 2023:133 [ref. 40480], Hoff et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40463], Page et al. 2023:115 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus 1766). Pomatomidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara, Black Sea) but excluding eastern and northwestern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

sansun, Scomber Fabricius [J. C.] in Niebuhr (ex Forsskål) 1775:56, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. No types known. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:33 [ref. 30182]. See Goren & Dor 1994:34 [ref. 25356] but they put in Scomber. •Mention -- (Dor 1984:127 [ref. 29757]). •Synonym of Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kottelat 2013:333 [ref. 32989], Golani & Fricke 2018:84 [ref. 36273], Fricke 2008:33 [ref. 30182]). Current status: Synonym of Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

sarda, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] 1793:44, Pl. 334 [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 7; ref. 4868] Europe. Lectotype: whereabouts unknown. Lectotype selected by Fricke 1999:48 [ref. 24101] as [the specimen illustrated in] Pl. 334 in the original description [specimen not in existence]. On p. 35 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 10 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793) -- (Postel 1973:475 [ref. 7208], Collette & Chao 1975:604 [ref. 5573], Collette & Nauen 1983:53 [ref. 5375], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:989 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:835 [ref. 5647], Robins & Ray 1986:260 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:451 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:179 [ref. 14674], Collette 1990:984 [ref. 19476], Boschung 1992:169 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:416 [ref. 23827], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:172 [ref. 25472], Cervigón 1994:246 [ref. 24488], Murdy et al. 1997:183 [ref. 23144], Santos et al. 1997:107 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:100 [ref. 24952], Aguilera 1998:53 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:331 [ref. 25013], Fricke 1999:48 [ref. 24101], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:138 [ref. 25942], Collette et al. 2001:3 [ref. 25629], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:142 [ref. 26753], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:520 [ref. 26158], Collette 2003:1847 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:103 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:418 [ref. 28072], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Golani 2005:60 [ref. 37112], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:779 [ref. 28815], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:181 [ref. 28369], Fricke et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:180 [ref. 30517], Fricke 2008:56 [ref. 30182], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:173 [ref. 31251] as sadra, Lipej & Dulčić 2010:70 [ref. 36649], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:134 [ref. 32972], Parin et al. 2014:512 [ref. 33547], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2907 [ref. 34618], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565], Martins & Carneiro 2018:64 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:167 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Collette & Graves 2019:116 [ref. 37341], Reiner 2019:279 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:83 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Abliazov et al. 2021:11 [ref. 38576], Bañón & Maño 2021:94 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:83 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:438 [ref. 38945], Collette 2022:280 [ref. 40167], Fermon et al. 2022:213 [ref. 39448], Niță et al. 2022:101 [ref. 40471], Simian et al. 2022:376 [ref. 40776], Carvalho-Filho 2023:250 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Sarda sarda (Bloch 1793). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Saint Pierre et Miquelon (France) and New Brunswick (Canada) south to Argentina, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic; southwestern Indian Ocean: Western Cape and Eastern Cape (South Africa). Habitat: brackish, marine.

saurus, Scomber Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] (ex Browne) 1801:32 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Jamaica. No types known. Based on "The leather-coat, Saurus" of Browne 1789: 452, Pl. 46 (fig. 2) [ref. 669], and Gasterosteus occidentalis Linnaeus 1758. Scomber saurus Bloch & Schneider 1801 is in prevailing usage, and here declared a nomen protectum. •Valid as Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Smith-Vaniz & Staiger 1973:221 [ref. 7106], Villa 1982:168 [ref. 36708], Robins & Ray 1986:163 [ref. 23100], Boschung 1992:132 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:290 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:87 [ref. 24474], Allen & Robertson 1994:127 [ref. 22193], Bussing & López S. 1994:104 [ref. 23101], Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al. 1995:972 [ref. 22829], Greenfield & Thomerson 1997:151 [ref. 22947], Murdy et al. 1997:172 [ref. 23144], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:91 [ref. 24545], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:367 [ref. 24023], González Bencomo et al. 1997:158 [ref. 24960], De la Cruz-Agüero & Cota-Gómez 1998:357 [ref. 23520], Aguilera 1998:49 [ref. 24221], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:283 [ref. 24555], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:276 [ref. 24550], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:418 [ref. 26158] as subspecies saurus, Marín 2000:73 [ref. 26252], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:160 [ref. 27754], Camargo & Isaac 2001:141 [ref. 27639], López et al. 2002:64 [ref. 26808], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1453 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:81 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:31 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:141 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:118 [ref. 37547], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:288 [ref. 28815], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Matamoros et al. 2009:17 [ref. 31241], García-Hernández et al. 2009:92 [ref. 37265], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:192 [ref. 30957], Angulo et al. 2013:1000 [ref. 33194], Di Dario et al. 2013:263 [ref. 37503], Page et al. 2013:145 [ref. 32708], Barriga Salazar 2014:119 [ref. 35745], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:396 [ref. 34894], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:146 [ref. 34871], Nión et al. 2016:47 [ref. 35565], Marceniuk et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35324], Raz-Guzmán et al. 2018:345 [ref. 36407], Robins et al. 2018:435 [ref. 35886], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:90 [ref. 35859], Spier et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36103], Ribeiro et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36717], Love et al. 2021:154 [ref. 39279], Marceniuk in Marceniuk et al. 2021:352 [ref. 38945], Angulo et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40676], Carvalho-Filho 2023:142 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:212 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40981]). Nomen Protectum. Current status: Valid as Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Carangidae: Scomberoidinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (U.S.A.) south to Uruguay, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Eastern Pacific populations are now classified as Oligoplites inornatus Gill 1863. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

saurus, Scomber Larrañaga [D. A.] 1923:385 [Escritos de Don Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga v. 2; ref. 22561] Uruguay. No types known. Also appeared in Devincenzi 1925:306, 322 [ref. 20322]; Devincenzi treated as a synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Scomber saurus Bloch & Schneider 1801. 1°Homonym. Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: marine.

saurus, Trachurus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:20 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Unneeded new name for Scomber trachurus Linnaeus 1758. •Valid as Trachurus saurus Rafinesque 1810 -- (Herrera 1896:47 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:380 [ref. 7198], Parenti 2019:104 [ref. 37117]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

scombrus, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] 1758:297 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Atlantic. Lectotype: ZMUU Linn. Coll. 94. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.28 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Lönnberg 1896:44 [ref. 23530], Wheeler 1958:232 [ref. 13434]. The spelling "Scomber scomber" in Linnaeus 1766:492 [ref. 2786] and by other authors is a misspelling or unjustified emendation. Lectotype established in Postel 1973:465 [ref. 7208] by use of "Type: ZMU no. 94..." •Valid as Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Herrera 1896:45 [ref. 39336], Collette & Nauen 1983:58 [ref. 5375], Smith 1986:445 [ref. 22186], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:991 [ref. 13676], Robins & Ray 1986:260 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:452 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:179 [ref. 14674], Collette 1990:988 [ref. 19476], Murdy et al. 1997:180 [ref. 23144], Arruda 1997:101 [ref. 24952], Baker & Collette 1998:29 [ref. 23350], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:144 [ref. 26753], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:523 [ref. 26158], Roe et al. 2002:903 [ref. 26504], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312], Falcón et al. 2003:146 [ref. 39343], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Fricke 2007:27 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:111 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:181 [ref. 30517], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:173 [ref. 31251], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:70 [ref. 36649], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:131 [ref. 31212], Page et al. 2013:182 [ref. 32708], Parin et al. 2014:514 [ref. 33547], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2909 [ref. 34618], Abdussamad et al. 2016:8 [ref. 34790], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:421 [ref. 36370], Martins & Carneiro 2018:58 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:168 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Collette & Graves 2019:139 [ref. 37341], Bariche & Fricke 2020:83 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:94 [ref. 38887], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:213 [ref. 39448] with question, Niță et al. 2022:107 [ref. 40471], Simian et al. 2022:376 [ref. 40776], Carvalho-Filho 2023:251 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Arctic Ocean: Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; temperate waters of the North Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

scriptus, Scomber Couch [J.] 1863:84, Pl. 81 (fig. 2) [The history of the fishes of the British islands v. 2; ref. 18053] Great Britain. Syntypes: (3) whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Postel 1973:465 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:58 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:988 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

sebae, Psettus Cuvier [G.] 1829:193 [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] No locality. Syntypes: MNHN A-3831 (1). Based on Chaetodon rhombeus Bloch & Schneider 1801, preoccupied in Psettus by Scomber rhombeus Forsskal 1775. Available from footnote as, "Psett. Sebae, N., Chaetodon rhombeus, Bl. Schn., Seb. III, xxvi, 21." See also Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831:241, pl. 189 [ref. 4881]. We treat as a new species based on Bloch & Schneider and on Seba. Seba's specimen is extant (MNHN A.3831) and could be designated lectotype. •Valid as Monodactylus sebae (Cuvier 1829) -- (Desoutter 1986:339 [ref. 6212], Bauchot in Lévêque et al. 1992:706 [ref. 21590], Poll & Gosse 1995:103 [ref. 24781], Vreven 2007:441 [ref. 30080], Wirtz et al. 2007:13, 36 [ref. 30263], Félix et al. 2016:D [4] [ref. 34346], Desoutter in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2661 [ref. 34618], Reiner 2019:228 [ref. 38139], Skelton 2019:228 [ref. 36564], Fermon et al. 2022:285 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Monodactylus sebae (Cuvier 1829). Monodactylidae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Senegal south to Angola, including Canary Islands (Spain), São Tomé and Principe; not found at Cape Verde Islands. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

serratus, Naucrates Swainson [W.] 1839:413 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] No types known. Based on Scomber ductor (non Linnaeus) of Bloch 1793, Ichth. Pl. 338. •Synonym of Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:742 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Habitat: marine.

sinensis, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1800:599 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] No locality stated [China]. No types known. Based on a Chinese drawing. Also in Lacepède 1801:23 [ref. 2710]. Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:285, 349 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473]. •Valid as Scomberomorus sinensis (Lacepède 1800) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:288 [ref. 7348], Collette & Nauen 1983:78 [ref. 5375], Collette & Russo 1985:665 [ref. 5221], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:225 [ref. 6441], Rainboth 1996:214 [ref. 22772], Cheng & Zhou 1997:352 [ref. 26385], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:644 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1351 [ref. 25182], Collette 2001:3751 [ref. 26305], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Kottelat 2001:158 [ref. 25780], Nakabo 2002:1351 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 674 [ref. 26218], Collette 2003:12 [ref. 27312], Kottelat 2013:446 [ref. 32989], Collette & Graves 2019:219 [ref. 37341], Kim et al. 2020:183 [ref. 39118], Taki et al. 2021:399 [ref. 39830]). Current status: Valid as Scomberomorus sinensis (Lacepède 1800). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Western Pacific from Korea, Japan and China south to Vietnam, Cambodia, southern Laos and Thailand where it enters the Mekong River basin. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

sloanei, Scomber Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:148 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Jamaica. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:375 [ref. 20733]. Based on preLinnaean Sloane 1707:11-12. Fig. 1. •Synonym of Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre 1788) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:102 [ref. 13640], Collette & Nauen 1983:83 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:992 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:14 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre 1788). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

solandri, Cybium Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:192 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] No locality stated. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:373 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:449 [ref. 20804]. Based on a drawing and description of Scomber lanceolatus in manuscript by Solander (Daniel Carlsson Solander, 1733-1782, Swedish botanist.). •Valid as Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier 1832) -- (Postel 1973:474 [ref. 7208], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:293 [ref. 7348], Kyushin et al. 1977:318 [ref. 19756], Collette & Nauen 1983:25 [ref. 5375], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:225 [ref. 6441], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:983 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:832 [ref. 5647], Robins & Ray 1986:259 [ref. 23100] as solanderi, Allen & Swainston 1988:144 [ref. 25477], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Randall et al. 1990:443 [ref. 15987], Collette 1990:978 [ref. 19476], Boschung 1992:168 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:414 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1994:241 [ref. 24488], Allen & Robertson 1994:276 [ref. 22193], Azevedo & Heemstra 1995:3 [ref. 22269], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1528 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:372 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:232 [ref. 23977], Allen & Robertson 1997:833 [ref. 41086], Santos et al. 1997:106 [ref. 23531], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:580 [ref. 24023], Arruda 1997:99 [ref. 24952], Randall et al. 1997:443 [ref. 25919], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:397 [ref. 24555], Fricke 1999:562 [ref. 24106], Francis et al. 1999:578 [ref. 24249], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:329 [ref. 25013], Afonso et al. 1999:79 [ref. 25466], Johnson 1999:751 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:29 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:94 [ref. 37268], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1350 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:479 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:20 [ref. 25806], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:168 [ref. 27754], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Collette 2001:3727 [ref. 26305], Camargo & Isaac 2001:143 [ref. 27639], Nakabo 2002:1350 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 672 [ref. 26218], Collette et al. 2003:125 [ref. 26784], Collette 2003:1842 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:2 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495] dated 1831, Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:102 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S28 [ref. 28536], Lobel & Lobel 2004:77 [ref. 27576] as solanderi dating to 1831, Randall et al. 2004:30 [ref. 27624] as Cuvier 1831, Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Heemstra et al. 2004:3331 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:414 [ref. 28072], Pequeño 2004:96 [ref. 28123] dated 1831, Love et al. 2005:166 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:504 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:774 [ref. 28815], Vaske et al. 2005:78 [ref. 36155], Bray et al. 2006:1768 [ref. 29091], Wirtz et al. 2007:40 [ref. 30263], Randall 2007:446 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:111 [ref. 30213], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957] dated 1831, Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:134 [ref. 32972] Larson et al. 2013:216 [ref. 32988], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:83 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:10 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:511 [ref. 33547], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988] dated 1831, Duffy & Ahyong 2015:118 [ref. 36167] as solanderi, Psomadakis et al. 2015:313 [ref. 34104], Roberts 2015:1626 [ref. 34193], Pinheiro et al. 2015:32 [ref. 34324], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2901 [ref. 34618], Fourriére et al. 2016:459 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:106 [ref. 35333], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565] as solandrii, Kells et al. 2016:314 [ref. 35888], Motomura et al. 2017:211 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:361 [ref. 35805], Brown et al. 2019:172 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:166 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Eagderi et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:310 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36871], Collette & Graves 2019:24 [ref. 37341], Reiner 2019:277 [ref. 38139], Kim et al. 2020:181 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:569 [ref. 37272], Robertson et al. 2020:161 [ref. 38098], Sonoyama et al. 2020:112 [ref. 37637], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Durville et al. 2021:315 [ref. 38802], Eduardo et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38817], Kovačić et al. 2021:34 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:211 [ref. 39279], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:434 [ref. 38945], Collette 2022:272 [ref. 40167], Fermon et al. 2022:212 [ref. 39448], Williams et al. 2022:[2] [ref. 40213], Zajonz et al. 2022:245 [ref. 40522], Carvalho-Filho 2023:248 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:262 [ref. 40816], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier 1832). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Sea of Japan). Habitat: marine.

speciosus, Scomber Forsskål [P. S.] in Niebuhr 1775:54, xii [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. No types known. Originally Scomber rim, speciosus on p. 54; Scomber speciosus on p. xii with brief description. Scomber rim is regarded as a name in synonymy. Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:252 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Authorship according to Fricke 2008:33 [ref. 30182]. •Valid as Caranx speciosus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Bussing & López S. 1994:106 [ref. 23101], Smith-Vaniz in Fischer et al. 1995:960 [ref. 22829], Randall 1995:183 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:114 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:162 [ref. 23922], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:81 [ref. 24545], Fricke 1999:251 [ref. 24106], Johnson 1999:734 [ref. 25471], Allen 2000:88 [ref. 37268], Nakabo 2000:803 [ref. 25086], Thomson et al. 2000:288 [ref. 25640], Hutchins 2001:33 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:803 [ref. 26001], González-Acosta et al. 2001:143 [ref. 26374], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S107 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:625 [ref. 27495], Parin 2003:S7 [ref. 28536], Lobel & Lobel 2004:71 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:15 [ref. 27624], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:308 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:117 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:233 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:369 [ref. 28379], Hoese & Gates 2006:1160 [ref. 28997], Randall 2007:235 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:57 [ref. 30213], Kimura 2009:123 [ref. 30425], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:192 [ref. 30957]). •Valid as Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål 1775) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:207 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:129 [ref. 29757], Gushiken in Masuda et al. 1984:157 [ref. 6441], Smith-Vaniz 1986:652 [ref. 5718], Allen & Swainston 1988:72 [ref. 25477], Paxton et al. 1989:580 [ref. 12442], Winterbottom et al. 1989:34 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:164 [ref. 15987], Gunn 1990:39 [ref. 20141], Kuiter 1993:173 [ref. 23929], Allen & Robertson 1994:127 [ref. 22193], Goren & Dor 1994:34 [ref. 25356], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:439 [ref. 27969], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:360 [ref. 24023], Kuiter 1997:162 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:164 [ref. 25919], Lin & Shao 1999:58 [ref. 23921], Myers 1999:140 [ref. 23965], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:290 [ref. 24550], Smith-Vaniz 1999:2725 [ref. 24833], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Smith-Vaniz in Randall & Lim 2000:616 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:234 [ref. 25191], Randall & Earle 2000:13 [ref. 25806], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:99 [ref. 26368], Allen & Adrim 2003:38 [ref. 26830], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:80 [ref. 27510], Nelson et al. 2004:140 [ref. 27807], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:30 [ref. 31826], Allen & Erdmann 2012:436 [ref. 31980], Page et al. 2013:144 [ref. 32708], Larson et al. 2013:122 [ref. 32988], Yoshida et al. 2013:119 [ref. 34464], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:421 [ref. 33460], Fricke et al. 2014:82 [ref. 33932], Parin et al. 2014:361 [ref. 33547], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:6 [ref. 33988], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2015:44 [ref. 34319], Psomadakis et al. 2015:225 [ref. 34104], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:146 [ref. 34871], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:609 [ref. 34923], Motomura et al. 2017:115 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:323 [ref. 36183] as Gnathodon s., Fricke et al. 2018:185 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:85 [ref. 36273], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:133 [ref. 36460], Eagderi et al. 2019:50 [ref. 37020], Fricke et al. 2019:147 [ref. 36673], Zajonz et al. 2019:75 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 16 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:428 [ref. 37272], Love et al. 2021:153 [ref. 39279], Smith-Vaniz 2022:53 [ref. 39876], Zajonz et al. 2022:119 [ref. 40522], Page et al. 2023:129 [ref. 40505], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40981]). Current status: Valid as Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål 1775). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-Pacific: KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Persian Gulf, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to Kuril Islands, south to New South Wales (Australia), Tonga and Austral Islands (French Polynesia); eastern Pacific: Pacific coast of southern Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Colombia, including southern Gulf of California (Mexico). Habitat: marine.

sypterus, Scomber Pallas [P. S.] 1814:220 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Ponti, Black Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Monod 1973:369 [ref. 7193], Dooley 1990:721 [ref. 18458]). •Synonym of Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Popova 1998:121 [ref. 23588] with confused name/date). •Synonym of Pomatomus saltator (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Parin 2003:S5 [ref. 28536]). •Synonym of Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus 1766) -- (Parin et al. 2014:357 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus 1766). Pomatomidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

talling, Scomber Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:222 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Spanish Sea and Maldives. No types known. •Incertae sedis in Scombridae -- (Collette 2003:21 [ref. 27312]). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

tapeinocephalus, Scomber Bleeker [P.] 1854:407 [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 6 (no. 2); ref. 13964] Nagasaki, Japan. Holotype (unique): RMNH 6041. Type catalog: Boeseman 1964:464, Fig. 8 [ref. 20805]. •Valid as Scomber tapeinocephalus Bleeker 1854 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:284 [ref. 7348]). •Synonym of Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:55 [ref. 5375], Choi et al. 2003:673 [ref. 26218], Collette 2003:8 [ref. 27312], Parin 2003:S29 [ref. 28536], Parin et al. 2014:513 [ref. 33547], Collette & Graves 2019:121 [ref. 37341]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber australasicus Cuvier 1832. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

taso, Scomber Cuvier [G.] (ex Commerson) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:146 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Near coasts of New Guinea at 6-7°S, western Pacific. No types known. •Synonym of Auxis thazard (Lacepède 1800) -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:30 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:980 [ref. 19476], Collette & Aadland 1996:431 [ref. 22199]). •Synonym of Auxis thazard (Lacepède 1800), subspecies thazard -- (Collette 2003:3 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Auxis thazard (Lacepède 1800). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

thazard, Scomber Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1800:599 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 2; ref. 2709] Kampung Loleba, Wasile District, Halmahera Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia [Teluk Kaoe/Gulf of Kaoe, Halmahera Sea, western Pacific], 0°58'N, 127°56'E. Neotype: USNM 265418. Also in Lacepède 1801:9 [ref. 2710]. Neotype designated by Collette & Aadland 1996:432 [ref. 22199]. Based on manuscript description by Commerson (Philibert Commerson, 1727-1773, French explorer and naturalist). Original type locality Nouvelle-Guinée (New Guinea). Also appeared in Sonnini 1803:284, 329 (vol. 7) [ref. 30473] •Valid as Auxis thazard (Lacepède 1800), subspecies thazard (Lacepède 1800) -- (Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:330 [ref. 25013], Collette in Randall & Lim 2000:643 [ref. 25122], Collette 2001:3730 [ref. 26305], Collette et al. 2001:3 [ref. 25629], Collette 2003:1844 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:3 [ref. 27312], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S121 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:648 [ref. 27495] dated 1831, Randall et al. 2004:30 [ref. 27624], Love et al. 2005:167 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:504 [ref. 28379], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:776 [ref. 28815], Wirtz et al. 2007:40 [ref. 30263], Randall 2007:448 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:111 [ref. 30213], Gomon 2008:784 [ref. 30616], Motomura et al. 2010:230 [ref. 31256], Page et al. 2013:181 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:134 [ref. 32972], Yoshida et al. 2013:203 [ref. 34464], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:511 [ref. 33547], Roberts 2015:1629 [ref. 34193], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:276 [ref. 36460], Zajonz et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36871], Collette & Graves 2019:39 [ref. 37341], Dewa et al. 2022:29 [ref. 40001], Collette 2022:275 [ref. 40167], Fermon et al. 2022:212 [ref. 39448], Zajonz et al. 2022:246 [ref. 40522]). •Valid as Auxis thazard (Lacepède 1800) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:281 [ref. 7348], Collette & Nauen 1983:90 [ref. 5375], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:271 [ref. 9277], Fujii in Uyeno et al. 1983:420 [ref. 14275], Dor 1984:261 [ref. 29757], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:225 [ref. 6441], Robins & Ray 1986:261 [ref. 23100], Allen & Swainston 1988:144 [ref. 25477], Scott & Scott 1988:448 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:230 [ref. 24556], Randall et al. 1990:443 [ref. 15987], Collette 1990:980 [ref. 19476], Boschung 1992:168 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:415 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1994:242 [ref. 24488], Bussing & López S. 1994:144 [ref. 23101], Gomon et al. 1994:820 [ref. 22532], Allen & Robertson 1994:277 [ref. 22193], Goren & Dor 1994:69 [ref. 25356], Collette in Fischer et al. 1995:1530 [ref. 22830], Randall 1995:372 [ref. 22896], Collette & Aadland 1996:427 [ref. 22199], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:500 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:232 [ref. 23977], Carpenter et al. 1997:223 [ref. 23922], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:272 [ref. 24545], Chen et al. 1997:160 [ref. 26476] dated 1802, Grove & Lavenberg 1997:582 [ref. 24023], Randall et al. 1997:443 [ref. 25919], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:396 [ref. 24555], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:14 [ref. 24670], Fricke 1999:563 [ref. 24106], Aguilera 1998:52 [ref. 24221], Afonso et al. 1999:79 [ref. 25466], Johnson 1999:751 [ref. 25471], Nakabo 2000:1347 [ref. 25182], Iwatsuki et al. 2000:104 [ref. 26368], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:1347 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 672 [ref. 26218], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:102 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:415 [ref. 28072], Bray et al. 2006:1770 [ref. 29091], Zemnukhov & Epur 2011:508 [ref. 32457], Larson et al. 2013:217 [ref. 32988], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:83 [ref. 33341] as cf. thazard, Psomadakis et al. 2015:314 [ref. 34104], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2903 [ref. 34618], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565], Kells et al. 2016:314 [ref. 35888], Motomura et al. 2017:211 [ref. 35490], Ali et al. 2018:340 [ref. 36183], Golani & Fricke 2018:170 [ref. 36273], Martins & Carneiro 2018:61 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Brown et al. 2019:173 [ref. 36444], Carneiro et al. 2019:166 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Eagderi et al. 2019:103 [ref. 37020], Hoschke et al. 2019:160 [ref. 36626], Reiner 2019:278 [ref. 38139], Bariche & Fricke 2020:82 [ref. 37515], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 18 [ref. 38321], Kim et al. 2020:181 [ref. 39118], Psomadakis et al. 2020:570 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:112 [ref. 37637], Walker et al. 2020:4 [ref. 37499], Dyldin et al. 2021:33 [ref. 38804], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:435 [ref. 38945], Love et al. 2021:211 [ref. 39279], Carvalho-Filho 2023:249 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:113 [ref. 40505], Siccha-Ramirez et al. 2023:264 [ref. 40816]). Current status: Valid as Auxis thazard (Lacepède 1800). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea; Red Sea; Persian Gulf; South China Sea; Sea of Japan), but not in eastern Pacific [where it is replaced by Auxis brachydorax Collette & Aadland 1996]. Habitat: marine.

thynnus, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] 1758:297 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Pelagic, between the tropics. No types known. Misspelled thinnus in early literature. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:49 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Valid as Orcynus thynnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:45 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Postel 1973:467 [ref. 7208], Gibbs & Collette 1967:116 [ref. 13640], Collette & Nauen 1983:88 [ref. 5375], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:275 [ref. 9277], Nakamura in Masuda et al. 1984:226 [ref. 6441], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:997 [ref. 13676], Collette 1986:838 [ref. 5647], Robins & Ray 1986:263 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:459 [ref. 25518], Pequeño 1989:67 [ref. 14125], McAllister 1990:180 [ref. 14674], Collette 1990:995 [ref. 19476], Cervigón 1992:419 [ref. 23827], Allen & Robertson 1994:278 [ref. 22193], De La Cruz Agüero et al. 1997:274 [ref. 24545], Santos et al. 1997:109 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:102 [ref. 24952], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:398 [ref. 24555], Collette 1999:163 [ref. 23936], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:334 [ref. 25013], Johnson 1999:751 [ref. 25471], Fricke 1999:49 [ref. 24101], Nakabo 2000:1349 [ref. 25182], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:40 [ref. 25650], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:169 [ref. 27754], Kolpakov & Barabanshchikov 2001:423 [ref. 25413], Collette et al. 2001:3 [ref. 25629], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Collette in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:531 [ref. 26158], Nakabo 2002:1349 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:418, 675 [ref. 26218], Alvarez-León 2002:228 [ref. 26373], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:145 [ref. 26753], Roe et al. 2002:903 [ref. 26504], Collette 2003:1857 [ref. 27087], Collette 2003:14 [ref. 27312], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:103 [ref. 27192], Parin 2003:S30 [ref. 28536] with subspecies, Nelson et al. 2004:176 [ref. 27807], Golani 2005:61 [ref. 37112], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:788 [ref. 28815], Fricke 2007:25 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:111 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:182 [ref. 30517], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:173 [ref. 31251], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:70 [ref. 36649], Møller et al. 2010:68 [ref. 31169], Page et al. 2013:182 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Collette 2013:182 [ref. 32953], Wirtz et al. 2014:11 [ref. 33516], Parin et al. 2014:516 [ref. 33547], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2914 [ref. 34618], Nión et al. 2016:53 [ref. 35565] as thynnus thynnus, Martins & Carneiro 2018:65 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:560 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:170 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Collette & Graves 2019:265 [ref. 37341], Bariche & Fricke 2020:84 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:22 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:94 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:84 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:36 [ref. 39014], Brunken & Woltmann 2022:24 [ref. 39077], Collette 2022:289 [ref. 40167], Fermon et al. 2022:214 [ref. 39448] with question, Simian et al. 2022:376 [ref. 40776], Carvalho-Filho 2023:255 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:114 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus 1758). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada) and Saint Pierre et Miquelon (France) south to northeastern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; temperate waters of the North Atlantic; southeastern Atlantic: South Africa. Habitat: marine.

trachurus, Scomber Linnaeus [C.] 1758:298 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mediterranean Sea. Syntypes: NRM 14 (3), 114 (1); ZMUU Linn. Coll. 104 (1). Type catalog: Lönnberg 1896:30 [ref. 23530], Wheeler 1985:56-57 [ref. 20705]. Also appeared in Linnaeus 1759:249 [ref. 24770]. •Valid as Caranx trachurus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:46 [ref. 39336] with author as Lacepède). •Valid as Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:380 [ref. 7198], Smith-Vaniz in Whitehead et al. 1986:842 [ref. 13676], Smith-Vaniz 1986:660 [ref. 5718], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:753 [ref. 18644], Nekrasov 1994:61 [ref. 24544], Arruda 1997:86 [ref. 24952], Afonso et al. 1999:84 [ref. 25466] with question, Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:87 [ref. 26753], Roe et al. 2002:903 [ref. 26504], Falcón et al. 2003:146 [ref. 39343], Parin 2003:S8 [ref. 28536], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:315 [ref. 28072], Golani 2005:40 [ref. 37112], Fricke 2007:29 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:85 [ref. 29533], Vasil'eva 2007:94 [ref. 30517], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:171 [ref. 31251], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:31 [ref. 31826], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:45 [ref. 36649], Wirtz et al. 2013:124 [ref. 32972], Parin et al. 2014:364 [ref. 33547], Bañón et al. 2016:322 [ref. 34397], Smith-Vaniz in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2511 [ref. 34618], Ali et al. 2018:324 [ref. 36183], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:303 [ref. 36370] see remarks, Martins & Carneiro 2018:130 [ref. 36550], Artüz & Fricke 2019:556 [ref. 36612], Carneiro et al. 2019:257 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:97 [ref. 36864], Bariche & Fricke 2020:63 [ref. 37515], Kovačić et al. 2020:36 [ref. 37519], Bañón & Maño 2021:82 [ref. 38887], Golani 2021:51 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:46 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:241 [ref. 39448], Smith-Vaniz 2022:65 [ref. 39876]). Current status: Valid as Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Caranginae. Distribution: Circumglobal (including western Baltic Sea, North Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara, Black Sea), but excluding eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

uam, Scomber Montrouzier [X.] 1857:449 [171] [Annales de la Société d'Agriculture, Histoire Naturelle et Arts Utiles de Lyon (sér. 2) v. 8 (1856); ref. 17789] Woodlark Island, South Pacific. No types known. On p. 171 of reprint. •Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816) -- (Collette 2003:7 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier 1816). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

undulatus, Scomber Swainson [W.] 1839:409 [The natural history and classification v. 2; ref. 4303] Coasts of Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Synonym of Scomber japonicus Houttuyn 1782 -- (Collette & Nauen 1983:56 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:987 [ref. 19476]). •Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber colias Gmelin 1789. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

unicolor, Scomber Geoffroy St. Hilaire [E.] 1817:no page number, Pl. 24 (fig. 6) [Poissons du Nil v. 1 (part 1); ref. 4184] Alexandria, Egypt, eastern Mediterranean Sea. No types known. •Valid as Orcynopsis unicolor (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1817) -- (Postel 1973:474 [ref. 7208], Collette & Chao 1975:593 [ref. 5573], Collette & Nauen 1983:44 [ref. 5375], Collette in Whitehead et al. 1986:987 [ref. 13676], Collette 1990:983 [ref. 19476], Collette et al. 2001:2 [ref. 25629], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:142 [ref. 26753], Collette 2003:6 [ref. 27312], Golani 2005:60 [ref. 37112], Fricke 2007:27 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:110 [ref. 29533], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:70 [ref. 36649], Collette in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2906 [ref. 34618], Carneiro et al. 2019:167 [ref. 37250], Elbaraasi et al. 2019:100 [ref. 36864], Collette & Graves 2019:85 [ref. 37341], Bariche & Fricke 2020:82 [ref. 37515], Insacco & Zava in Gerovasileiou et al. 2020:344 [ref. 37890], Kovačić et al. 2020:46 [ref. 37519], Golani 2021:83 [ref. 38303], Kovačić et al. 2021:35 [ref. 39014], Fermon et al. 2022:213 [ref. 39448]). Current status: Valid as Orcynopsis unicolor (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1817). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: southern Norway south to Senegal, including Azores and Madeira. Habitat: marine.

vau, Scomber Curtiss [A.] 1938:57 [A short zoology of Tahiti in the Society islands; ref. 18057] Ocean outside reef, off Tautira, Society Islands. No types known. •Synonym of Gymnosarda unicolor (Rüppell 1836) -- (Collette 2003:5 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Gymnosarda unicolor (Rüppell 1836). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

vernalis, Scomber Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:423 [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] Sandy Hook, New Jersey, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Postel 1973:465 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:58 [ref. 5375], Smith 1986:445 [ref. 22186], Collette 1990:988 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Auxis Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:139, Pl. 216 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Lectotype: MNHN A-5808. Paralectotypes: MNHN A-5815 (1) Morée, A-5792 (1) Martinique. Type catalog: Bauchot & Blanc 1961:375 [ref. 20733], Blanc & Bauchot 1964:453 [ref. 20804], Collette 1966:371 [ref. 14641]. Lectotype selected by Collette & Aadland 1996:437 [ref. 22199]. Record of Auxides vulgaris Cuvier 1833 in Eschmeyer 1998:1777 [ref. 23416] was an error for this species. The specimen, MNHN A-5808, is the holotype of Scomber rochei Risso 1810. •Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810) -- (Postel 1973:470 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:29 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:979 [ref. 19476], Collette & Aadland 1996:436 [ref. 22199]). •Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810), subspecies rochei -- (Collette 2003:3 [ref. 27312], Randall 2007:447 [ref. 30952]). Current status: Synonym of Auxis rochei (Risso 1810). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

vulgaris, Scomber Fleming [J.] 1828:217 [A history of British animals; ref. 1339] British seas. No types known. •Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Collette 2003:9 [ref. 27312]). Current status: Synonym of Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758. Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Thynnus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832:58, Pl. 210 [Histoire naturelle des poissons; ref. 1000] Europe. No types known. Unneeded new name for and objective synonym of Scomber thynnus Linnaeus 1758 (probably to avoid Strickland tautonymy). •Synonym of Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Gibbs & Collette 1967:116 [ref. 13640], Postel 1973:467 [ref. 7208], Collette & Nauen 1983:90 [ref. 5375], Collette 1990:995 [ref. 19476], Collette 2003:14 [ref. 27312], Collette 2022:289 [ref. 40167]). Current status: Synonym of Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus 1758). Scombridae: Scombrinae. Habitat: marine.

vulgaris, Trachurus Fleming [J.] 1828:218 [A history of British animals; ref. 1339] Estuary of the Tay, England. No types known. Based in part on Scomber trachurus Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Hureau & Tortonese 1973:380 [ref. 7198], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1990:753 [ref. 18644]). Current status: Synonym of Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus 1758). Carangidae: Caranginae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

zebra, Scomber Shaw [G.] 1803:587 [General zoology or systematic natural history v. 4; ref. 4014] No locality. Unneeded new name for Scomber fasciatus Bloch 1793. •Synonym of Seriola fasciata (Bloch 1793). Current status: Synonym of Seriola fasciata (Bloch 1793). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Habitat: marine.

zonatus, Scomber Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:427, Pl. 4 (fig. 3) [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] Bay of New York, New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Valid as Seriola zonata (Mitchill 1815) -- (Herrera 1896:47 [ref. 39336], Hureau & Tortonese 1973:380 [ref. 7198], Robins & Ray 1986:164 [ref. 23100], Scott & Scott 1988:381 [ref. 25518], McAllister 1990:147 [ref. 14674], Boschung 1992:134 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:293 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:99 [ref. 24474], Murdy et al. 1997:169 [ref. 23144], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:246 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:160 [ref. 27754], Klein-MacPhee in Collette & Klein-MacPhee 2002:424 [ref. 26158], Smith-Vaniz 2003:1462 [ref. 27083], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:81 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:141 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:298 [ref. 28815], Springer & Smith-Vaniz 2008:31 [ref. 31826], Page et al. 2013:145 [ref. 32708], Pinheiro et al. 2015:19 [ref. 34324], Carneiro et al. 2019:256 [ref. 37250], Carvalho-Filho 2023:147 [ref. 40480], Page et al. 2023:130 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Seriola zonata (Mitchill 1815). Carangidae: Naucratinae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada) south to São Paulo (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and southern Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2016): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.