brevirostris, Hippocampus Schinz [H. R.] 1822:262 [Das Thierreich v. 2; ref. 3926] Naples, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Neotype: ZMMU P-676. Name appeared as Hyppocampus brevirostris. Also in Cuvier 1829 based on brief description and citation to "Will. J. 25, f. 5." Not here regarded as a replacement name, but a new name based on literature sources, including Syngnathus hippocampus of Bloch. Neotype designated by Vasil'eva 2007:325 [ref. 29769]. The neotype designations by Vasil'eva for hippocampus and brevirostris are regarded as disrupting stability for the eastern Atlantic seahorses -- involving nominal species (hippocampus, guttulatus, brevirostris and antiquorum) with their very complex underlying ancient literature references. It is suggested here that the International Commission should be petitioned to set aside Vasil'eva's neotypes and select new ones to fix hippocampus as the available name for the short-snouted species and to fix guttulatuslong-snouted species, and to suppress brevirostris as being an unused name. •Objective synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Daget 1968:1057 [ref. 26392]). •Valid as Hippocampus brevirostris Schinz 1822 -- (Herrera 1896:37 [ref. 39336], Vasil'eva 2007:325 [ref. 29769], Kuiter 2009:64 [ref. 30404]). •Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Wheeler 1973:278 [ref. 7190], Dawson 1990:660 [ref. 17542], Lourie et al. 1999:99 [ref. 23993], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:68 [ref. 26753], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:36 [ref. 36649], Lourie et al. 2016:27 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758). Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.