meladerma, Clarias Bleeker [P.] 1846:54 [178, 288] [Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. v. 21 (art. 5); ref. 313] Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Lectotype: RMNH 13709. Paralectotypes: RMNH 16413 (1). Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:146 [ref. 29155]. Spelled meladerma on p. 288. Reference to RMNH 13709 as lectotype by Teugels et al. 2001:90 [ref. 25350] does not conform to the ICZN code for lectotype designation but accepted here for now. Also in Bleeker 1846:54 [ref. 313]. See van Oijen et al. 2009:294 [ref. 30423]. •Valid as Clarias meladerma Bleeker 1846 -- (Roberts 1989:127 [ref. 6439], Burgess 1989:146 [ref. 12860], Kottelat et al. 1993:78 [ref. 23448], Kottelat & Lim 1996:242 [ref. 23210], Rainboth 1996:163 [ref. 22772], Ng 1999:17 [ref. 23892], Teugels et al. 1999:286 [ref. 24246], Tan & Ng 1999:291 [ref. 24254], Teugels et al. 2001:90 [ref. 25350], Kottelat 2000:88 [ref. 25486], Kottelat 2001:141 [ref. 25780], Ng 2003:2 [ref. 27067], Sudarto et al. 2003:153 [ref. 27238], Sudarto et al. 2004:8 [ref. 27680], Kottelat & Widjanarti 2005:163 [ref. 28284], Ferraris 2007:145-146 [ref. 29155], Ng & Hadiaty 2011:1578 [ref. 31220], Kottelat 2013:243 [ref. 32989], Ng & Kottelat 2014:443 [ref. 33579], Sulaiman et al. 2018:34 [ref. 35802], Taki et al. 2021:245 [ref. 39830], Low et al. 2022:393 [ref. 39370], Ahmad et al. 2023:117 [ref. 41243], Jamandre 2023:175 [ref. 40455]). Current status: Valid as Clarias meladerma Bleeker 1846. Clariidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Sundaland to the Mekong River basin and Philippines. Habitat: freshwater.