papilio, Melletes Bean [T. H.] 1880:354 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 100); ref. 222] Saint Paul Island, Pribilof Group, Bering Sea, Alaska, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 23751. •Valid as Melletes papilio Bean 1880 -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1987:183 [ref. 15964], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:28 [ref. 25650], Parin et al. 2002:S79 [ref. 28300], Tokranov et al. 2003:300 [ref. 26972], Fedorov et al. 2003:74 [ref. 27579]). •Valid as Hemilepidotus (Melletes) papilio (Bean 1880) -- (Mecklenburg et al. 2007:176 [ref. 29448]). •Valid as Hemilepidotus papilio (Bean 1880) -- (Peden 1979:41 [ref. 24080], Yabe in Masuda et al. 1984:324 [ref. 6441], Nakabo 2000:631 [ref. 25086], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:431 [ref. 25968], Nakabo 2002:631 [ref. 26001], Nelson et al. 2004:120 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:87 [ref. 37547], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:122 [ref. 31212], Page et al. 2013:123 [ref. 32708], Shinohara et al. 2014:250 [ref. 33330], Parin et al. 2014:251 [ref. 33547], Mecklenburg & Steinke 2015:164 [ref. 34033], Tohkairin et al. 2015:7 [ref. 35331], Mecklenburg et al. 2016:65 [ref. 34440], Kells et al. 2016:174 [ref. 35888], Dyldin & Orlov 2017:64 [ref. 35138], Mecklenburg et al. 2018:203 [ref. 36370], Dyldin et al. 2021:64 [ref. 38804], Love et al. 2021:129 [ref. 39279], Dyldin & Orlov 2022:45 [ref. 38972]). Current status: Valid as Hemilepidotus papilio (Bean 1880). Agonidae: Hemitripterinae. Distribution: North Pacific and adjacent Arctic Region: northern Hokkaido (Japan) and Sea of Okhotsk north to western Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea, east to western Aleutian Islands (U.S.A.). Habitat: brackish, marine.