synspilum, Cichlasoma Hubbs [C. L.] 1935:13, Pl. 3 (fig. 1) [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 28; ref. 11676] San Pedro de Mártir, a tributary of Río Usumacinta, Department of Petén, Guatemala. Holotype (unique): UMMZ 95518. The specific name synspilum [fused blotch] is an undeclinable noun. •Valid as Cichlasoma synspilum Hubbs 1935 -- (Gamboa Pérez 1992:325 [ref. 38704], Conkel 1993:150 [ref. 22949], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:70 [ref. 22290], Greenfield & Thomerson 1997:204 [ref. 22947], Fuller et al. 1999:428 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:152 [ref. 27807]). •Valid as Vieja synspilum (Hubbs 1935) -- (Burgess 2000:50 [ref. 24818] as synspila, Kullander in Reis et al. 2003:646 [ref. 27061] as synspila, Miller 2006:384 [ref. 28615] as synspila, Chakrabarty 2007:22 [ref. 29359] as synspila). •Valid as Paraneetroplus synspilum (Hubbs 1935) -- (McMahan et al. 2010:1298 [ref. 31111] as synspila, Kottelat 2013:375 [ref. 32989] as synspilus). •Synonym of Paraneetroplus melanurus (Günther 1862) -- (McMahan et al. 2011:1 [ref. 33481], Paepke et al. 2014:55 [ref. 33351]). •Synonym of Vieja melanurus (Günther 1862). Current status: Synonym of Vieja melanurus (Günther 1862). Cichlidae: Cichlinae. Habitat: freshwater.