chaophraya, Himantura Monkolprasit [S. P.] & Roberts [T. R.] 1990:204, Fig. 1 [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 37 (no. 3); ref. 20065] Chao Phraya at Ayutthaya, about 100 kilometers up-river from mouth of Chao Phraya into Gulf of Thailand, Thailand. Holotype: KUMF 2998. Paratypes: KUMF 2999 (1), 3000 (1). See also Roberts 1998:267 [ref. 23552]. •Valid, but possibly a synonym of Himantura polylepis (Bleeker 1852) -- (Last & Stevens 1994:399 [ref. 23873], Kottelat 1998:20 [ref. 23436]). •Valid as Himantura chaophraya Monkolprasit & Roberts 1990 -- (Kottelat et al. 1993:2 [ref. 23448], Rainboth 1996:53 [ref. 22772], Last & Compagno 1999:1485 [ref. 24639], Compagno 1999:496 [ref. 25589], Kottelat 2001:25 [ref. 25780], Hutchins 2001:15 [ref. 25847], Allen et al. 2002:331 [ref. 25930], Morgan et al. 2004:151 [ref. 27718], Vidthayanon & Roberts 2006:124 [ref. 28695], Last et al. 2006:31 [ref. 28719], Manjaji-Matsumoto & Last 2006:295 [ref. 28776], Paxton et al. 2006:193 [ref. 28995], Last & Manjaji-Matsumo 2008:283 [ref. 29694], Schwartz 2008:37 [ref. 36773] as chaophyra). •Synonym of Himantura polylepis (Bleeker 1852) -- (Last & Manjaji-Matsumo 2008:289 [ref. 29694], Allen et al. 2008:28 [ref. 30265], Last el al. 2010:209 [ref. 32461], Kottelat 2013:26 [ref. 32989]). •Synonym of Urogymnus polylepis (Bleeker 1852) -- (Manjaji-Matsumoto et al. 2022:615 [ref. 39674]). Current status: Synonym of Urogymnus polylepis (Bleeker 1852). Dasyatidae: Urogymninae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.