aculeatus, Etmopterus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:14, Pl. 13 (fig. 1) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Also appeared in Rafinesque 1810:46 [ref. 3595]. •Synonym of Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Krefft & Tortonese 1973:42 [ref. 7165], Compagno 1984:85 [ref. 6474], Dyldin 2015:55 [ref. 34524], Parenti 2019:102 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus 1758). Etmopteridae. Habitat: marine.