japonicus, Hippocampus Kaup [J. J.] 1856:7 [Catalogue of lophobranchiate fish in the collection of the British Museum; ref. 2575] Nagasaki, seas of Japan. Syntypes: RMNH D.1540 (1, stuffed), 3915 (5). Appeared first without distinguishing features in Kaup 1853:228 [ref. 2569]. Specimen catalog numbers changed on 4 Feb. 2013. •Valid as Hippocampus japonicus Kaup 1856 -- (Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:89 [ref. 6441], Kim & Lee 1995:76 [ref. 22284], Cheng & Zhou 1997:238 [ref. 26385], Gomon 1997:250 [ref. 22842], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:9 [ref. 24670], Shimizu 2001:24 [ref. 25799], Shinohara et al. 2001:313 [ref. 25995], Wang et al. 2001:198 [ref. 26566], Choi et al. 2003:233, 555 [ref. 26218] as Kaup 1853, Kuiter 2009:130 [ref. 30404], Parin et al. 2014:208 [ref. 33547]). •Synonym of Hippocampus mohnikei Bleeker 1853 -- (Lourie et al. 1999:244 [ref. 23766], Lourie et al. 1999:115 [ref. 23993], Lourie et al. 2016:33 [ref. 34632]). Current status: Synonym of Hippocampus mohnikei Bleeker 1853. Syngnathidae: Syngnathinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific: Japan Sea [if valid]. Habitat: marine.