leiurus, Gasterosteus Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1829:481, 487, Pl. 98 (fig. 4) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 4; ref. 998] France; Germany. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-7088 (3), 0000-7151 (7). •Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies -- (Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:438 [ref. 25598], Nakabo 2002:513 [ref. 26001]). •Synonym of Gasterosteus gymnurus Cuvier 1829 -- (Kottelat 1997:165 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1949:972 [ref. 20662], Monod 1973:281 [ref. 7193], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:747 [ref. 24702] as a form, Reshetnikov & Savvaitove 1998:111 [ref. 23593], Scott & Crossman 1998:665 [ref. 24570], Paepke in Bănărescu & Paepke 2002:209 [ref. 25856], Denys et al. 2022:396 [ref. 40085]). Current status: Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758. Gasterosteidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.