carvalhoi, Cynolebias Myers [G. S.] 1947:19 [Aquarium Journal v. 18 (no. 7); ref. 12307] Rio Iguassú [Iguaçú], near Porto Uniao [União], Santa Catarina, Brazil. Holotype: CAS 41178 (1 of 7). Paratypes: CAS 41178 (6 of 7). Lectotype as MNRJ 5759 designation by Costa 1998:308 is invalid since the holotype is available. See Huber 2006:22 [ref. 28935]. •Valid as Cynolebias carvalhoi Myers 1947 -- (Costa 1995:62 [ref. 22097], Costa 1998:308 [ref. 23665]). •Valid as Acrolebias carvalhoi (Myers 1947) -- (Alonso et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40292]). •Valid as Austrolebias carvalhoi (Myers 1947) -- (Costa 1998:75 [ref. 23792], Lazara 2001:60 [ref. 25711], Costa 2002:917 [ref. 26505], Costa in Reis et al. 2003:527 [ref. 27061], Costa et al. 2004:13 [ref. 27657], Costa 2006:90 [ref. 28708], Costa 2011:98 [ref. 31504], Costa 2014:97 [ref. 33514], Alonso et al. 2018:10 [ref. 35938], Reis et al. 2020:473 [ref. 38364], Lanés et al. 2021:513 [ref. 38189]). Current status: Valid as Austrolebias carvalhoi (Myers 1947). Rivulidae: Cynolebiinae. Distribution: South America: upper Iguaçú River basin (southern Brazil). Habitat: freshwater.