oremaculatus, Hypophthalmus Nani [A.] & Fuster de Plaza [M. L.] 1947:3, Figs. 2-3 [Comunicaciones del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" Buenos Aires, Ciencias Zoológicas No. 2; ref. 13088] Puerto Gaboto, Rio Paraná, Sante Fe Province, Argentina, 32°25'58"S, 60°48'33"W. Holotype (unique): MACN 3496. Type catalog: Braga & Piacentino 1994:103 [ref. 23697], Ferraris 2007:333 [ref. 29155]. •Valid as Hypophthalmus oremaculatus Nani & Fuster de Plaza 1947 -- (Lundberg & Littmann in Reis et al. 2003:436 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:60 [ref. 27366], Menni 2004:83 [ref. 28131] with question of validity, Ferraris 2007:333 [ref. 29155], Littmann et al. 2015:159, 162 [ref. 33933], Mirande & Koerber 2015:31 [ref. 35117], Koerber et al. 2017:47 [ref. 35267], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:93 [ref. 35633], dos Santos et al. 2019:289 [ref. 37144], Reis et al. 2020:469 [ref. 38364], Littmann et al. 2021:196 [ref. 38412]). Current status: Valid as Hypophthalmus oremaculatus Nani & Fuster de Plaza 1947. Pimelodidae. Distribution: South America: Paraná, Amazon, Orinoco and Essequibo River basins (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.