leopardus, Cobitis Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1089 [99] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Barada River, Damascus, Syria. Holotype (unique): NMW 48559. On p. 99 of separate [ref. 2067]. First reviser Heckel 1848:241 gives precedence to panthera over leopardus. •Synonym of Orthrias panthera (Heckel 1843) -- (Bănărescu et al. 1982:14 [ref. 174]). •In the synonymy of Barbatula panthera (Heckel 1843) -- (based on status of Barbatula). •Synonym of Oxynoemacheilus panthera (Heckel 1843) -- (Prokofiev 2009:880 [ref. 30604], Freyhof et al. 2012:307 [ref. 31752], Kottelat 2012:98 [ref. 32367], Kamangar et al. 2014:45 [ref. 33140], Çiçek et al. 2024:85 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Oxynoemacheilus panthera (Heckel 1843). Nemacheilidae. Habitat: freshwater.