maculatus, Pimelodus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:94, 103 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepède) v. 5; ref. 4930] Río de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. No types known. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:338 [ref. 29155]. •Synonym of Pimelodus clarias (Bloch 1782), but a valid subspecies -- (Gómez & Chebez 1996:59 [ref. 23791]). •Valid as Pimelodus maculatus Lacepède 1803 -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:35 [ref. 37559], Ortega & Vari 1986:15 [ref. 9708], Malabarba 1989:142 [ref. 14217], Burgess 1989:280 [ref. 12860], Azpelicueta 1995:75 [ref. 21673], Azpelicueta 1998:90 [ref. 24175], Sverlij et al. 1998:56 [ref. 27632], Britski et al. 1999:99 [ref. 24147], Vidal & Lucena 1999:122 [ref. 24269], Azpelicueta 2001:198 [ref. 25639], Britski 2001:20 [ref. 26046], Lundberg & Littmann in Reis et al. 2003:439 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:58 [ref. 27366], Menni 2004:83 [ref. 28131], Ribeiro & Lucena 2006:326 [ref. 28962], Ribeiro & Lucena 2006:411 [ref. 28899], Ribeiro & Lucena 2007:77 [ref. 29174], Ferraris 2007:338 [ref. 29155], Ribeiro et al. 2011:128 [ref. 31238], Litz & Koerber 2014:19 [ref. 33622], Sarmiento et al. 2014:170, 192 [ref. 35004], Ramos et al. 2014:4 [ref. 35321], Mirande & Koerber 2015:32 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:420 [ref. 34561], Nión et al. 2016:34 [ref. 35565] with author in parentheses, Koerber et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35267], see DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[24] [ref. 35679], Costa e Silva et al. 2018:105 [ref. 35734], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36506], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2020:6 [ref. 39606], Reis et al. 2020:469 [ref. 38364], Grant 2021:88 [ref. 38702], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:23 [ref. 39298], Brandão et al. 2022:183 [ref. 40464], Koerber et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40665], Loureiro et al. 2023:136 [ref. 40506], Filho et al. 2024:4 [ref. 40919]). Current status: Valid as Pimelodus maculatus Lacepède 1803. Pimelodidae. Distribution: South America: Paraná and São Francisco River basins (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Uruguay); ?Peru. Habitat: freshwater.