hypophthalmus, Helicophagus Sauvage [H.-E.] 1878:235 [3] [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série) v. 2; ref. 3879] Laos. Lectotype: MNHN A-0745 (dry). Paralectotypes: MNHN A-0744 (1, dry), A-8832 (1, dry). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:42 [ref. 19575], Ferraris 2007:325 [ref. 29155]. On p. 3 of separate. Lectotype selected by Kottelat 1984:811 [ref. 11440]. •Valid as Helicophagus hypophthalmus Sauvage 1878 -- (Kottelat 1984:811 [ref. 11440], Burgess 1989:105 [ref. 12860]). •Valid as Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878) -- (Roberts & Vidthayanon 1991:121 [ref. 19239], Pouyaud et al. 1999:249 [ref. 24245], Pouyaud & Teugels 2000:197 [ref. 25066], Hogan et al. 2004:230 [ref. 27683], Rodríguez-Barrera et al. 2020:45 [ref. 37800]). •Valid as Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878) -- (Rainboth 1996:153 [ref. 22772], Kottelat 2001:130 [ref. 25780], Gustiano 2003:59 [ref. 31337], Ferraris 2007:325 [ref. 29155], Kottelat 2013:254 [ref. 32989], Ng et al. 2019:531 [ref. 36606], Angulo 2021:9 [ref. 38913], Castelanos-Mejía et al. 2021:576 [ref. 38344], Ayyathurai et al. 2022:4 [ref. 39794] as hypothalamus, Taki et al. 2021:262 [ref. 39830], Çiçek et al. 2023:462 [ref. 40601], Çiçek et al. 2023:25 [ref. 40616], Jamandre 2023:175 [ref. 40455], Çiçek et al. 2024:271 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878). Pangasiidae. Distribution: Southeast Asia: Mekong and Chao Phraya River basins, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam; introduced elsewhere in Israel, Iraq, southern Asia, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Puerto Rico (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.