sapa, Cyprinus Pallas [P. S.] 1814:328 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Volga River and tributaries. No types known. Originally spelled sapà. Spelled sopa by Valenciennes 1844:49 [ref. 1010]. •Valid as Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Berg 1949:781 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:8 [ref. 22348], Lelek 1987:139 [ref. 22962], Coad 1995:9 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:43 [ref. 22952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:734 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:55 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Hanel 2003:52 [ref. 27894], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:166 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:246 [ref. 28804], Esmaeili et al. 2010:366 [ref. 33391], Parin et al. 2014:64 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814), as a valid subspecies sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1988:159 [ref. 37734]). •Valid as Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:76 [ref. 28183], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:179 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:865 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:36 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:16 [ref. 36089], Ćaleta et al. 2019:158 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:133 [ref. 37983], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Çiçek et al. 2023:53 [ref. 40326], Dyldin et al. 2023:[30] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Çiçek et al. 2024:224 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: eastern Europe and Russia east to Caspian Sea drainage. Introduced in Italy. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.