ringens, Balistes Linnaeus [C.] 1758:329 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Ascension Island. Syntypes: NRM 39 (1). Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:275 [ref. 20707]. Lectotype selected by Randall et al. 1978:694 [ref. 5532]. •Valid as Xanthichthys ringens (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Moore 1967:695 [ref. 22820], Fedoryako 1979:992 [ref. 8721], Robins & Ray 1986:303 [ref. 23100], Dennis & Bright 1988:13 [ref. 39782], Harmelin-Vivien & Quéro 1990:1060 [ref. 19527], Boschung 1992:181 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:266 [ref. 23827], Andreata & Séret 1996:590 [ref. 16204], Arruda 1997:121 [ref. 24952], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:346 [ref. 25013], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:170 [ref. 27754], Collette et al. 2003:126 [ref. 26784], Matsuura 2003:1969 [ref. 27119], Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:109 [ref. 27192], Nelson et al. 2004:184 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:900 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:190 [ref. 32708], Pyle & Earle 2013:11 [ref. 32891], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:86 [ref. 33341], Wirtz et al. 2014:12 [ref. 33516], Matsuura 2014:8 [ref. 33576], Pinheiro et al. 2015:34 [ref. 34324], Robertson et al. 2016:148 [ref. 34961], Carneiro et al. 2019:228 [ref. 37250], Robertson et al. 2020:151 [ref. 38098], Parenti 2021:662 [ref. 38921], Rotundo et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:695 [ref. 38945], Carvalho-Filho 2023:278 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Xanthichthys ringens (Linnaeus 1758). Balistidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) south to Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea; southern-central Atlantic: Ascension Island. Habitat: marine.