nuchalis, Hypophthalmus Spix [J. B. von] & Agassiz [L.] 1829:17, Pl. 17 [Selecta genera et species piscium quos in itinere per Brasiliam; ref. 13] Rio Capim, near São Domingos do Capim, at Igarapé Pirajauara, about 1°41'S, 47°47'W, Pará, Brazil [lower Amazon basin]. Neotype: MZUSP 47945. Type catalog: Ferraris 2007:72 [ref. 29155]. Name first published in Cuvier 1829 [ref. 995]. •Valid as Auchenipterus nuchalis (Spix & Agassiz 1829) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:13 [ref. 9708], Mees 1986:312 [ref. 5693], Burgess 1989:241 [ref. 12860], Gómez & Chebez 1996:58 [ref. 23791], Sverlij et al. 1998:46 [ref. 27632], Ferraris & Vari 1999:434 [ref. 23953], Britski et al. 1999:114 [ref. 24147], Le Bail et al. 2000:60 [ref. 24549], Ferraris in Reis et al. 2003:473 [ref. 27061], Ferraris 2007:72 [ref. 29155], Barriga Salazar 2014:115 [ref. 35745], Birindelli 2014:535 [ref. 33501], Sarmiento et al. 2014:143, 189 [ref. 35004], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:86 [ref. 35633], Calegari et al. 2019:[96] [ref. 36961], Silvano et al. 2020:212 [ref. 38135], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:22 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:56 [ref. 39235]). Current status: Valid as Auchenipterus nuchalis (Spix & Agassiz 1829). Auchenipteridae: Auchenipterinae. Distribution: South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins (Guyana, Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru and French Guiana). Habitat: freshwater.