maculatus, Holocentrus Bloch [M. E.] 1790:96, Pl. 242 (fig. 3) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 4; ref. 469] East Indies. Holotype (unique): ZMB (not found). On p. 76 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 7 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Epinephelus maculatus (Bloch 1790) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:176 [ref. 19754], Katayama in Masuda et al. 1984:129 [ref. 6441], Paxton et al. 1989:495 [ref. 12442], Lee 1990:47 [ref. 19830], Randall et al. 1990:110 [ref. 15987], Randall & Heemstra 1991:189 [ref. 19601], Heemstra & Randall 1993:181 [ref. 21042], Kuiter 1993:131 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:160 [ref. 25479], Allen 1997:90 [ref. 23977], Chen et al. 1997:49 [ref. 26476], Kuiter 1997:110 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:110 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:114 [ref. 23965], Heemstra & Randall 1999:2509 [ref. 24815], Nakabo 2000:724 [ref. 25086], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:609 [ref. 25122], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:184 [ref. 25191], Johnson 2001:730 [ref. 25471], Sakai et al. 2001:94 [ref. 25693], Hutchins 2001:262 [ref. 25841], Hutchins 2001:30 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:724 [ref. 26001], Allen & Adrim 2003:31 [ref. 26830], Myers & Donaldson 2003:621 [ref. 27495], Kimura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:53 [ref. 27510], Randall et al. 2004:11 [ref. 27624], Randall 2005:159 [ref. 28239], Hoese et al. 2006:1013 [ref. 28999], Motomura et al. 2010:97 [ref. 31256], Fricke et al. 2011:384 [ref. 31242], Craig et al. 2011:178 [ref. 31786], Allen & Erdmann 2012:275 [ref. 31980], Fricke et al. 2013:256 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:61 [ref. 33932], Koeda et al. 2016:26 [ref. 35333], Ma & Craig 2018:455 [ref. 36100], Fricke et al. 2019:118 [ref. 36673], Parenti & Randall 2020:73 [ref. 37354], Akhilesh et al. 2021:52 [ref. 38701], Wada et al. 2021:39 [ref. 38521]). Current status: Valid as Epinephelus maculatus (Bloch 1790). Epinephelidae. Distribution: Eastern Indian Ocean, western Pacific: Cocos-Keeling Island east to the Line Islands, north to Amami Islands (southern Japan), south to southeastern Australia and Lord Howe Island. Habitat: marine.
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