cancila, Esox Hamilton [F.] 1822:213, 380, Pl. 27 (fig. 70) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Ponds and smaller rivers of Gangetic provinces [India, Bangladesh]. No types known. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 121 [ref. 37532]. •Valid as Belone cancila (Hamilton 1822) -- (Mees 1962:20 [ref. 13277]). •Placed in Xenentodon -- (Collette & Berry 1965 [ref. 13367]). •Valid as Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton 1822) -- (Shrestha 1978:40 [ref. 15970], Pethiyagoda 1991:175 [ref. 20075], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:743 [ref. 20764], Kottelat et al. 1993:89 [ref. 23448], Indra 1994:421 [ref. 24015], Sen 1995:581 [ref. 23778], Rainboth 1996:172 [ref. 22772], Rema Devi et al. 1996:138 [ref. 24021], Banik & Choudhury 1996:579 [ref. 24736], Menon 1999:265 [ref. 24904], Fuller et al. 1999:287 [ref. 25838], Freyhof et al. 2000:96 [ref. 25184], Rafique 2000:326 [ref. 25220], Raju Thomas et al. 2000:444 [ref. 25319], Karmakar 2000:34 [ref. 25662], Lovejoy & Collette 2001:329 [ref. 25232], Raju Thomas et al. 2002:50 [ref. 26359], Mirza 2003:21 [ref. 27265], Collette 2003:12 [ref. 27306], Ataur Rahman 2003:71 [ref. 31338], Mundy 2005:283 [ref. 28379], Shrestha 2008:204 [ref. 29923], Conway et al. 2011:1756 [ref. 31594], Ahmed et al. 2013:287 [ref. 32872], Gurung et al. 2013:4884 [ref. 32969], Kottelat 2013:298 [ref. 32989], Narasimhaiah et al. 2016:69 [ref. 34975], Arunkumar & Manimekalan 2018:1739 [ref. 36172], Suresh et al. 2018:161 [ref. 36495], Psomadakis et al. 2020:337 [ref. 37272] as cf. cancila, Shangningam & Kosygin 2022:60 [ref. 39587], Tudu et al. 2022:44 [ref. 40484], Chan et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40365], Gupta et al. 2024:101 [ref. 41453]). Current status: Valid as Xenentodon cancila (Hamilton 1822). Belonidae. Distribution: South Asia, Southeast Asia: Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Malaysia and Thailand. Introduced elsewhere, including Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.