gachua, Ophicephalus Hamilton [F.] 1822:68, 367, Pl. 21 (fig. 21) [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Ponds and ditches of Bengal. No types known. Hamilton's original illustration reproduced by Britz 2019:Pl. 43 [ref. 37532]. •Synonym of Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider 1801 -- (Roberts 1989:170 [ref. 6439], Lim et al. 1990:51 [ref. 16753], Talwar & Jhingran 1991:1019 [ref. 20764], Rainboth 1996:220 [ref. 22772], Menon 1999:274 [ref. 24904], Ataur Rahman 2003:84 [ref. 31338]). •Valid as Ophiocephalus gachua Hamilton 1822 -- (Coad 1981:17 [ref. 22348], Feng in Kuang et al. 1986:318 [ref. 26639]). •Valid as Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822) -- (Shrestha 1978:40 [ref. 15970], Zheng 1989:368 [ref. 21202], Vierke 1991:20 [ref. 16625], Pethiyagoda 1991:277 [ref. 20075], Zhong in Pan et al. 1991:514 [ref. 23876], Kottelat et al. 1993:165 [ref. 23448], Lee et al. 1994:61 [ref. 23558], Kottelat & Lim 1996:249 [ref. 23210], Coad 1995:32 [ref. 23608], Zhu 1995:187 [ref. 25213], Coad 1996:7 [ref. 23831], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Banik & Choudhury 1996:579 [ref. 24736], Vu & Nguyen 1997:27 [ref. 26438], Kottelat 1998:116 [ref. 23436], Musikasinthorn 1998:360 [ref. 23624], Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869], Ng & Tan 1999:364 [ref. 24159], Ng et al. 1999:57 [ref. 24286], Musikasinthorn 2000:35 [ref. 24480], Freyhof et al. 2000:97 [ref. 25184], Rafique 2000:326 [ref. 25220], Mirza 2000:356 [ref. 25207], Kottelat 2001:63 [ref. 25482], Doi et al. 2001:17 [ref. 25691], Kottelat 2001:162 [ref. 25780], Mirza 2003:22 [ref. 27265], Courtenay & Williams 2004:69 [ref. 27545], Tan & Lim 2004:111 [ref. 27716], Grinang & Lim 2004:293 [ref. 28551], Tan & Ng 2005:133 [ref. 28283], Parenti & Lim 2005:195 [ref. 28285], Vishwanath & Geetakumari 2009:98 [ref. 30105], Esmaeili et al. 2010:378 [ref. 33391], Benziger et al. 2011:2 [ref. 31366], Nguyen et al. 2012:158 [ref. 32085], Gurung et al. 2013:4885 [ref. 32969], Britz 2013:292 [ref. 32966], Kottelat 2015:48 [ref. 33971], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:900 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2015:122 [ref. 35030], Knight 2016:8589 [ref. 34348], Zhang et al. 2016:209 [ref. 34477], Lalhlimpuia et al. 2016:349 [ref. 34637], Gurumayum & Tamang 2016:183 [ref. 35232], Esmaeili et al. 2017:94 [ref. 35254], Endruweit 2017:178 [ref. 35627], Esmaeili et al. 2018:76 [ref. 36089], Lalramliana et al. 2018:167 [ref. 36027], Praveenraj et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36419], Praveenraj et al. 2018:150 [ref. 36434], Dey et al. 2019:502 [ref. 36484], Ng et al. 2019:535 [ref. 36606] as aff. gachua, Praveenraj et al. 2019:69 [ref. 36501], Dey et al. 2019:302 [ref. 36760], Rüber et al. 2019:[4] [ref. 36913], Chakraborty et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37332], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37983], Susasinghe et al. 2020:164 [ref. 37482], Praveenraj et al. 2020:946 [ref. 38037], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347], Taki et al. 2021:412 [ref. 39830], Hasan et al. 2022:6035 [ref. 39888], Kosygin et al. 2022:673 [ref. 40736], Shangningam & Kosygin 2022:61 [ref. 39587], Tudu et al. 2022:44 [ref. 40484], Çiçek et al. 2023:45 [ref. 40326], Britz et al. 2024:22 [ref. 40761], Çiçek et al. 2024:325 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Channa gachua (Hamilton 1822). Channidae. Distribution: South Asia, Southeast Asia: Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India (West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Goalpara, Visakhapatnam), Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. Introduced in Yunnan (China) and Mekong River basin? Habitat: freshwater.
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