immaculatus, Tetrodon Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.] (ex Lacepède) 1801:507 [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] No locality stated. No types known. Based on "Tetrodon sans tache" of Lacepède 1798:475, 486, Pl. 24 (fig. 1). Neotype designation by Fricke 1999:603 [ref. 24106] is invalid; see Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Original genus should have been spelled Tetraodon. •Valid as Arothron immaculatus (Bloch & Schneider 1801) -- (Kyushin et al. 1982:306 [ref. 19754], Dor 1984:284 [ref. 29757], Matsuura in Masuda et al. 1984:365 [ref. 6441], Smith & Heemstra 1986:896 [ref. 5714], Allen & Swainston 1988:154 [ref. 25477], Randall et al. 1990:473 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:423 [ref. 23929], Goren & Dor 1994:74 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:401 [ref. 22896], Mohsin & Ambak 1996:623 [ref. 27969], Allen 1997:244 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:412 [ref. 25488], Myers 1999:289 [ref. 23965], Matsuura in Randall & Lim 2000:648 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1429 [ref. 25182], Matsuura & Peristiwady in Matsuura & Peristiwady 2000:327 [ref. 27511], Ebert 2001:28 [ref. 25494], Hutchins 2001:48 [ref. 25847], Matsuura 2001:3956 [ref. 26317], Nakabo 2002:1429 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:65 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S124 [ref. 27377], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:227 [ref. 27510], Adrim et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27715], Heemstra et al. 2004:3332 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:452 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:645 [ref. 28239], Hoese et al. 2006:1914 [ref. 29099], Randall 2007:493 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:120 [ref. 30213], Matsuura 2009:335 [ref. 31171], Verruraj et al. 2011:7 [ref. 31496], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1087 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:236 [ref. 32988], Kottelat 2013:472 [ref. 32989], Bogorodsky et al. 2014:434 [ref. 33460], Fricke et al. 2018:384 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:181 [ref. 36273], Suresh et al. 2018:327 [ref. 36495], Matsuura in Koeda & Ho 2019:1313 [ref. 42393], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 30 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:617 [ref. 37272], Yamakawa et al. 2020:77 [ref. 40470], Kaleshkumar et al. 2021:[4] [ref. 38263] as immaculate, Mary et al. 2021:398 [ref. 38693], Taki et al. 2021:502 [ref. 39830], Gloerfelt-Tarp & Kailola 2022:301 [ref. 41223], Matsuura 2022:458 [ref. 40261], Allen & Erdmann 2024:1252 [ref. 40796], Pillai et al. 2025:559 [ref. 42553], Whitfield 2025:243 [ref. 42563]). Current status: Valid as Arothron immaculatus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Tetraodontidae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Vietnam, Taiwan and Philippines, north to Sagami Bay (Japan), south to northern Australia. IUCN (2014): Least Concern. Habitat: brackish, marine.
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