diphreutes, Heniochus Jordan [D. S.] 1903:694, Fig. 3 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 26 (no. 1328); ref. 2398] Nagasaki, Japan, Nagasaki Prefecture, Kyūshū, Japan. Holotype: CAS-SU 7247. Paratypes: ANSP 29662 (1), CAS-SU 7925 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:80 [ref. 12291], Böhlke 1984:41 [ref. 13621]. We do not follow Kottelat 2013; no proof. •Synonym of Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Burgess 1978:223 [ref. 700]). •Synonym of Heniochus macrolepidotus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2013:365 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Heniochus diphreutes Jordan 1903 -- (Allen 1980:163 [ref. 22764], Dor 1984:177 [ref. 29757], Ida in Masuda et al. 1984:186 [ref. 6441], Heemstra 1986:631 [ref. 5660], Allen & Swainston 1988:98 [ref. 25477], Blum 1989:12 [ref. 37553], Paulin et al. 1989:195 [ref. 24556], Randall et al. 1990:234 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:225 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:163 [ref. 25479], Goren & Dor 1994:48 [ref. 25356], Randall 1995:253 [ref. 22896], Allen 1997:150 [ref. 23977], Kuiter 1997:222 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:234 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:168 [ref. 23965], Fricke 1999:344 [ref. 24106], Nakabo 2000:885 [ref. 25182], Allen 2000:106 [ref. 25868], Hutchins 2001:36 [ref. 25847], Nakabo 2002:885 [ref. 26193], Allen & Adrim 2003:43 [ref. 26830], Smith et al. 2003:302 [ref. 27125], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S112 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:630 [ref. 27495], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:295 [ref. 28072], Randall 2005:326 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:401 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1299 [ref. 29090], Randall 2007:290 [ref. 30952], Fricke et al. 2009:74 [ref. 30213], Satapoomin 2009:191 [ref. 30463], Motomura et al. 2010:138 [ref. 31256], Caratini & Soriano 2011:77 [ref. 39915] as Heniocus diphreutes, Zuo & Tang 2011:1003 [ref. 32151], Allen & Erdmann 2012:539 [ref. 31980], Larson et al. 2013:156 [ref. 32988], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:114 [ref. 36167], Trnski 2015:1305 [ref. 34198], Daly et al. 2018:4 [ref. 35897], Fricke et al. 2018:240 [ref. 35805], Golani & Fricke 2018:110 [ref. 36273], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:150 [ref. 40104], Zajonz et al. 2019:84 [ref. 36871], Fujiwara et al. 2020:34 [ref. 38631], Psomadakis et al. 2020:513 [ref. 37272], Sonoyama et al. 2020:78 [ref. 37637], Lee & Kim 2021:1018 [ref. 38939], Heemstra & Heemstra 2022:466 [ref. 39746]). Current status: Valid as Heniochus diphreutes Jordan 1903. Chaetodontidae: Heniochinae. Distribution: Red Sea; Indo-West Pacific: Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Amirantes (Seychelles), Madagascar and western Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.), north to southern Sea of Japan (Korea, Japan) and Ogasawara Islands (Japan), south to New South Wales (Australia) and Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.