nilotica, Perca Linnaeus [C.] 1758:290 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Nile River. Holotype: ?NRM LP 10. Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:254 [ref. 20707]. •Valid as Chromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:59 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Uyeno & Fujii in Masuda et al. 1984:190 [ref. 6441], Ye in Pan et al. 1991:416 [ref. 23876], Boschung 1992:150 [ref. 23239], Gamboa Pérez 1992:321 [ref. 38704]). •Valid as Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758), valid subspecies niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Fermon et al. 2022:247 [ref. 39448]). •Valid as Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Trewavas 1982:12 [ref. 39521], Ortega & Vari 1986:20 [ref. 9708], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:538 [ref. 25598], Paugy & Bénech 1989:304 [ref. 26478], Coad 1991:21 [ref. 15702], Trewavas & Teugels 1991:330 [ref. 20954], Lévèque et al. 1991:145 [ref. 31367], Teugels & Thys van den Audenaerde in Lévêque et al. 1992:760 [ref. 21590], Kottelat et al. 1993:123 [ref. 23448], Skelton 1993:330 [ref. 24071], Poll & Gosse 1995:284 [ref. 24781], Coad 1995:28 [ref. 23608], Mekkawy 1995:1 [ref. 23990], Zhu 1995:172, 206 [ref. 25213], Rainboth 1996:192 [ref. 22772], Coad 1996:86 [ref. 25304], Lee & Kim 1996:25 [ref. 25726], Cheng & Zhou 1997:309 [ref. 26385], Keith et al. 1999:102 [ref. 24548], Rema Devi & Raghunathan 1999:173 [ref. 24760], Albertson et al. 1999:5108 [ref. 25258], Fuller et al. 1999:441 [ref. 25838], Dankwa et al. 1999:48 [ref. 28023], Nakabo 2000:916 [ref. 25182], Rafique 2000:327 [ref. 25220], Carpenter 2001:3336 [ref. 26131], Kottelat 2001:152 [ref. 25780], Sakai et al. 2001:102 [ref. 25693], Wang et al. 2001:241 [ref. 26566], Skelton 2001:330 [ref. 27406], De Vos et al. 2001:130, 132 [ref. 26059], Kim & Park 2002:342 [ref. 25913], Moyle 2002:422 [ref. 26449], Nakabo 2002:916 [ref. 26193], Roe et al. 2002:903 [ref. 26504], Choi et al. 2003:362, 630 [ref. 26218], Carpenter 2003:1693 [ref. 27092], Rafique et al. 2003:98 [ref. 27173], Mirza 2003:24 [ref. 27265], López et al. 2003:78 [ref. 27366], Hanel 2003:65 [ref. 27894], Nelson et al. 2004:153 [ref. 27807], Seegers et al. 2003:44 [ref. 28087], Menni 2004:88 [ref. 28131], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:209 [ref. 28183], Fricke et al. 2007:92 [ref. 29533], Shrestha 2008:220 [ref. 29923], Fricke et al. 2009:77 [ref. 30213], Scharpf 2009:9 [ref. 30400], Minckley & Marsh 2009:267 [ref. 31114], Matamoros et al. 2009:21 [ref. 31241], Coad 2010:267 [ref. 36620], Page & Burr 2011:613 [ref. 31215], Marshall 2011:256 [ref. 31755], Angulo et al. 2013:1005 [ref. 33194], Kottelat 2013:374 [ref. 32989], McMahan et al. 2013:452 [ref. 32422], Page et al. 2013:156 [ref. 32708], Yoshida et al. 2013:172 [ref. 34464], Barriga Salazar 2014:118 [ref. 35745], Catelani et al. 2014:932 [ref. 37496], Koerber 2014:14 [ref. 33621], Litz & Koerber 2014:35 [ref. 33622], Ramos et al. 2014:5 [ref. 35321], Sarmiento et al. 2014:189 [ref. 35004], Barbieri et al. 2015:104 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:152 [ref. 35151], Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015:339 [ref. 34894], Mirande & Koerber 2015:59 [ref. 35117], Bertaco et al. 2016:435 [ref. 34561], Koeda et al. 2016:64 [ref. 35333], Melo et al. 2016:377 [ref. 35317], Miesen et al. 2016:91 [ref. 34492], Neumann et al. 2016:307 [ref. 35036], Nión et al. 2016:50 [ref. 35565] as niloticus niloticus, Schelly & Stiassny in Carpenter & De Angelis 2016:2710 [ref. 34618], Zhang et al. 2016:213 [ref. 34477], Costa et al. 2017:45 [ref. 35684], Labatos 2017:4 [ref. 36239] as niloticus niloticus, Bruton et al. 2018:110 [ref. 36373], Fricke et al. 2018:251 [ref. 35805], Robins et al. 2018:389 [ref. 35886], Romero-Berny et al. 2018:92 [ref. 35859], Ćaleta et al. 2019:184 [ref. 37026], González-Murcia et al. 2019:294 [ref. 36544], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Louizi et al. 2019:98 [ref. 38351], Ng et al. 2019:536 [ref. 36606], Skelton 2019:229 [ref. 36564], Angulo et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37425], Azevedo-Santos et al. 2020:6 [ref. 39606], Çiçek et al. 2020:257 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:255 [ref. 37983], Kisekelwa et al. 2020:[11] 710 [ref. 38315], López-Segovia et al. 2020:111 [ref. 38151], Reis et al. 2020:473 [ref. 38364], Rodríguez-Barrera et al. 2020:45 [ref. 37800], Silva et al. 2020:15 [ref. 37809], Angulo 2021:11 [ref. 38913], Bandjolu et al. 2021:4 [ref. 38801], Fu et al. 2021:9573 [ref. 39347], Munene et al. 2021:25 [ref. 39283], Taki et al. 2021:368 [ref. 39830], Al-Faisal et al. 2022:1409 [ref. 39565], Brandão et al. 2022:209 [ref. 40464], Çiçek et al. 2022:4 [ref. 38985], Esmaeili et al. 2022:489 [ref. 39253], Gómez-Martínez et al. 2022:243 [ref. 39506], Jamaluddin et al. 2022:[7] [ref. 39245], Koerber et al. 2022:69 [ref. 39235], Mamilov et al. 2022:102 [85] [ref. 40404], Meza-Vargas et al. 2022:4 [ref. 39566], Walsh et al. 2022:[6] [ref. 39281], Akoth et al. 2023:15 [ref. 40069], Bertaco & Azevedo 2023:3 [ref. 39997], Chan et al. 2023:146 [ref. 40365], Esmaeili & Hamidan 2023:217 [ref. 40377], Jamandre 2023:164 [ref. 40455], Saad et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40501]). Current status: Valid as Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758). Cichlidae: Pseudocrenilabrinae. Distribution: North and northeast Africa. Widely introduced elsewhere, including Mississippi and Florida (U.S.A.), Mexico, Honduras, Costa Rica, Brazil, Ecuador, Uruguay, Argentina, Oman, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Hong Kong (China) and southern Japan. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.