Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the family or subfamily Leuciscidae: [ 1724 ] records

abanticus, Phoxinus Turan [D.], Bayçelebi [E.], Özuluğ [M.], Gaygusuz [Ö.] & Aksu [İ.] 2023:4, Figs. 4, 7-10 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 102 (no. 5); ref. 40351] Outlet of Lake Abant, Bolu Province, Turkey, 40.664722N, 31.425000E. Holotype: FFR 2322. Paratypes: FFR, IUSHM. •Valid as Phoxinus abanticus Turan, Bayçelebi, Özuluğ, Gaygusuz & Aksu 2023 -- (Çiçek et al. 2023:416 [ref. 40625], Bayçelebi et al. 2024:107 [ref. 40795], Çiçek et al. 2024:267 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Phoxinus abanticus Turan, Bayçelebi, Özuluğ, Gaygusuz & Aksu 2023. Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Abant basin, Filyos River drainage (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

abbotti, Notropis chalybaeus Fowler [H. W.] 1904:239, Pl. 17 (upper fig.) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 56; ref. 15184] Broken dam on Batsto River, Burlington County, New Jersey, U.S.A. Holotype: ANSP 19860. Paratypes: ANSP 19861-78 (18). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:22 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:67 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis chalybaeus (Cope 1867) -- (Gilbert 1978:22 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:250 [ref. 22416], Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Alburnops chalybaeus (Cope 1867). Current status: Synonym of Alburnops chalybaeus (Cope 1867). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

abramorutilus, Bliccopsis Siebold [C. T. E. von] 1863:142, Figs. 18-19 [Die Süsswasserfische von Mitteleuropa; ref. 4021] Danube River, Bavaria. Syntypes: ?NMW 54964 (1), 54966 (1). Originally as abramo-rutilus. •Hybrid between Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) and Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:531, 596 [ref. 20661]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

abramorutilus, Cyprinus Holandre [J.] 1837:246 [Faune du département de la Moselle; ref. 23022] River Moselle downriver from Malroy, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Original as abramo-rutilus. Also appeared as same in Holandre 1837:3 [ref. 23075]; earliest not researched. •Based on a hybrid between Abramis blicca x Rutilus rutilus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

abruptus, Leucaspius Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857:145, Fig. 76 [Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie; ref. 2078] [Lemberg] Lviv fish market, Ukraine. Syntypes: NMW 49741 (2). •Synonym of Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel 1843) -- (Berg 1949:610 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:63 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:62 [ref. 23589], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:138 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel 1843). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

abulyontis, Vimba vimba tenella natio Battalgil [F.] 1941:181 [Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul, Série B: Sciences Naturelles v. 6 (nos 1-2); ref. 13194] Not available, infrasubspecific; from Abulyont Lake, Turkey. •In the synonymy of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:86 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:180 [ref. 23566]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

acarnanicus, Scardinius Economidis [P. S.] (ex Stephanidis) 1991:16 [Check list of freshwater fishes of Greece; ref. 23018] Acheleoos River and lakes Trichonis, Lyssimachia, Ozeros, and Amvrakia, Acheleoos River basin, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Appeared first as Scardinius scardafa plotizza forma acarnanicus Stephanidis 1939:26, Pl. 4 [ref. 21156] and Schmidt-Ries [ex Stephanidis] 1943:333 [ref. 23019] as infrasubspecific and not available. Dates to Economidis as above by reference to Stephanidis 1939. •Valid as Scardinius acarnanicus Economidis 1991 -- (Kottelat 1997:82 [ref. 22952], Bianco et al. 2001:115 [ref. 26729], Ketmaier et al. 2003:13 [ref. 26727] but wrongly dating to Stephanidis 1939, Bianco & Kottelat 2005:234 [ref. 29332], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:251 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:63 [ref. 35029], Karataş et al. 2016:130 [ref. 34987]). Current status: Valid as Scardinius acarnanicus Economidis 1991. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

acarnanicus, Scardinius scardafa plotizza forma Stephanidis [A.] 1939:26 [The freshwater fishes of northern Greece and the island of Corfu.; ref. 21156] Infrasubspecific, not available. Also infrasubspecific in Schmidt-Ries [ex Stephanidis] 1943:333 [ref. 23019]. •In the synonymy of Scardinius acarnanicus Economidis 1991. Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Scardinius acarnanicus Economidis 1991. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

achomawi, Rhinichthys klamathensis Moyle [P. B.], Buckmaster [N.] & Su [Y.-X.] 2023:529, Figs. 1, 4D [Zootaxa 5249 (no. 5); ref. 40044] Bear Creek at Pondosa Bridge, 1.6 km southwest of Pondosa, Siskiyou County, California, 41.1884°N, -121.700667°W. Holotype: WFB 3171. Paratypes: WFB 3171a-i (9). •Synonym of Rhinichthys klamathensis (Evermann & Meek 1898), but a valid subspecies as described. Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys klamathensis (Evermann & Meek 1898). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Goose Lake (Oregon and California), Pit River watersheds, Sacramento River drainage, Salinas, San Luis Obispo Creek, Arroyo Grande and Santa Maria River basins, California and Oregon, U.S.A. [this subspecies]. Habitat: freshwater.

achrus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus var. Stephanidis [A.] 1950:206 [Praktika tes Akademias Athenon v. 18; ref. 12807] Cholorema River near Almiros, Thessalia, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Barbieri et al. 2015:64 [ref. 35029]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece (possibly valid, extirpated). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

acros, Eremichthys Hubbs [C. L.] & Miller [R. R.] 1948:20, Fig. 1D; Pls. 1-2 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 507; ref. 2258] Spring-fed ditch near northern edge of Soldier Meadows, Humboldt County, Nevada, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 136873. Paratypes: CAS-SU 14875 [ex UMMZ 141596] (7); UMMZ 136874 (124), 141590 (980), 141596 (620, now 610), 141598 (60, now 40); USNM 112065 [ex UMMZ 141598] (20). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395] with comment on holotype. •Valid as Eremichthys acros Hubbs & Miller 1948 -- (Lee et al. 1980:155 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:80 [ref. 18983], La Rivers 1994:441 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:70 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:16 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:70 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Eremichthys acros Hubbs & Miller 1948. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: North America: Nevada (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

acutirostris, Leuciscus Gray [J. E.] in Richardson 1846:297 [Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 15th meeting [1845]; ref. 3742] Not available, museum name mentioned in the synonymy of Leuciscus acutus. Nomen Nudum. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

acutus, Alburnus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1036 [46] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] On p. 46 of separate [ref. 2067]. Not available, name only. Nomen Nudum. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

acutus, Alburnus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:12 [Catalogo metodico dei Ciprinidi d'Europa, ...; ref. 13472] Not available, no distinguishing features provided; from Italy. •In the synonymy of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

acutus, Alburnus Lapham [I. A.] 1854:101, Figs. 1-2 [Annals of Science (Cleveland, Ohio) v. 2; ref. 20824] Lower part of Milwaukee River (below first dam), Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1741 (8, discarded in 1938), UMMZ 85896 [ex MCZ 1741] (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042] as no types located; see Hubbs 1945:16 [ref. 10745]; Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395]. Also appeared as new in Lapham 1854:96 [ref. 36678]. •Synonym of Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque 1818 -- (Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:440 [ref. 24570]). •Synonym of Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque 1818, but a valid subspecies -- (Scharpf 2005:27 [ref. 28940]). Current status: Synonym of Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque 1818. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Lake Michigan [subspecies acutus, presumeably extinct]. Habitat: freshwater.

adagumicus, Phoxinus Artaev [O. A.], Turbanov [I. S.], Bolotovskiy [A. A.], Gandlin [A. A.] & Levin [B. A.] 2024:29, Figs. 3, 4 [Zoosystematics and Evolution v. 100 (no. 1); ref. 40926] Pryamaya Shchel River (Adagum River drainage) upstream Nizhnebakanskaya, Kuban River drainage, Krasnodar Krai, Russia, 44.8538°N, 37.8417°E. Holotype: IBIW FS_385. Paratypes: IBIW. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Phoxinus adagumicus Artaev, Turbanov, Bolotovskiy, Gandlin & Levin 2024. Current status: Valid as Phoxinus adagumicus Artaev, Turbanov, Bolotovskiy, Gandlin & Levin 2024. Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Distribution: Southeast Europe: Adagum River drainage, Kuban River basin, northwestern Caucasus, Russia. Habitat: freshwater.

adanaensis, Squalius Turan [D.], Kottelat [M.] & Doğan [E.] 2013:310, Figs. 2, 3 [Zootaxa 3637 (no. 3); ref. 32584] Üçürge Stream at Karaisalı, Seyhan River drainage, Adana Province, Turkey. Holotype: FFR 1994. Paratypes: CMK 22403 (4), FFR 1995 (16). Type catalog: Kaya et al. 2021:421 [ref. 38688]. •Valid as Squalius adanaensis Turan, Kottelat & Doğan 2013 -- (Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Turan et al. 2017:2 [ref. 35136], Çiçek et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36267], Bayçelebi 2020:757 [ref. 37964], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:409 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:253 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius adanaensis Turan, Kottelat & Doğan 2013. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Seyhan River basin (Mediterranean tributary), Adana Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

adanensis, Alburnus sellal Battalgil [F.] 1944:302 [Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul, Série B: Sciences Naturelles v. 9 (no. 4); ref. 13159] Lower Seyhan River, near Adana, southern Turkey. Syntype: IUSHM 2017-1368. Author also seen as Battalgazi. Species probably extinct, Freyhof et al. 2018:580 [ref. 35814]. •Synonym of Alburnus sellal Heckel 1843, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Bogutskaya 1997:167 [ref. 23566], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:56 [ref. 24445]). •Synonym of Alburnus sellal Heckel 1843 -- (Birecikligil et al. 2016:471 [ref. 34308], Çiçek et al. 2016:117 [ref. 35152]). •Valid as Alburnus adanensis Battalgil 1944 -- (Fricke et al. 2007:29 [ref. 29533], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36267], Freyhof et al. 2018:580 [ref. 35814], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:387 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:210 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus adanensis Battalgil 1944. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Seyhan River basin, Mediterranean tributary (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

adele, Leuciscus Warpachowski [N. A.] 1892:150, Figs. 2-3 [Vestnik Rybopromyshlennosti St. Petersburg v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 19484] Vladivostok, Russia. Holotype (unique): ZIN 8785. •Synonym of Leuciscus brandtii Dybowski 1872 -- (Berg 1949:570 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Tribolodon brandtii (Dybowski 1872) -- (Dyldin & Orlov 2016:666 [ref. 34853]). •Synonym of Pseudaspius brandtii (Dybowski 1872). Current status: Synonym of Pseudaspius brandtii (Dybowski 1872). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

adobe, Agosia Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] in Jordan 1891:36 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 9 (art. 1) (for 1889); ref. 12374] Sevier River, at railroad bridge, about 7 miles west of Juab [39°31.11"N, 111°56.23'W], Juab County, Utah, U.S.A. Syntypes: CAS-SU 821 (15), CAS 58602 [ex IU 8206] (19), FMNH 1865 (3), USNM 125123 (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:29 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:6 [ref. 12367], Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Rhinichthys osculus (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Sigler & Sigler 1996:117 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395], Scharpf 2005:39 [ref. 28940]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys osculus (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Utah, U.S.A. [subspecies adobe]. Habitat: freshwater.

adspersus, Leucos Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1038 [48] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Imotski [or Jessero Rosso, a lake near Imotski], Bosnia-Herzegovina. No types known. On p. 48 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Valid as Paraphoxinus adspersus (Heckel 1843) -- (Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079]). •Valid as Phoxinellus adspersus (Heckel 1843) -- (Kottelat 1997:72 [ref. 22952], Zupančič & Bogutskaya 2002:415 [ref. 26818]). •Valid as Delminichthys adspersus (Heckel 1843) -- (Freyhof et al. 2006:422 [ref. 28484], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:192 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:29 [ref. 29926], Perea et al. 2010:16 [ref. 31802], Bogutskaya et al. 2012:54 [ref. 32007], Ćaleta et al. 2015:61 [ref. 34877], Mustafić et al. 2017:261 [ref. 35274], Ćaleta et al. 2019:159 [ref. 37026]). Current status: Valid as Delminichthys adspersus (Heckel 1843). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Neretva, Matica and Vrljika river drainages and Crveno Lake, Croatia, and Tihaljina and Trebižat rivers, Bosnia-Herzegovina. Habitat: freshwater.

adustus, Couesius Woolman [A. J.] 1894:57 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 14 (art. 8) (for 1894); ref. 4804] Wrongly Río de las Conchos, Chihuahua, Mexico [probably Minnesota, U.S.A.]. Syntypes: not BMNH 1894.5.12.31 (1) [from Woolman], FMNH 6706 (1) [but not this species], CAS-SU 642 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:31 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395] with remarks on locality. •Synonym of Couesius plumbeus, subspecies plumbeus (Agassiz 1850) -- (Gilbert 1998:34 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Couesius plumbeus (Agassiz 1850). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aeneolus, Notropis Hay [O. P.] 1887:245 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 10 (no. 624); ref. 14473] Saline River, about 5 miles north of WaKeeney, Trego County, Kansas, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 37945. Paratypes: (several) UF 113791 [ex Butler Univ 74] (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:34-35 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis topeka (Gilbert 1884) -- (Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:35 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Miniellus topeka (Gilbert 1884). Current status: Synonym of Miniellus topeka (Gilbert 1884). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aestivalis, Gobio Girard [C. F.] 1856:189 [25] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Río San Juan near Cadereita [Cadereyta], Nuevo León, Mexico. Holotype: USNM 79 (lost). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:35 [ref. 23395]. On p. 25 of separate. •Valid as Hybopsis aestivalis (Girard 1856) -- (Lee et al. 1980:180 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:181 [ref. 23393]). •Valid as Extrarius aestivalis (Girard 1856) -- (Page & Burr 1991:106 [ref. 18983], Cross & Collins 1995:62 [ref. 23394]). •Valid as Macrhybopsis aestivalis (Girard 1856) -- (Boschung 1992:52 [ref. 23239], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:17 [ref. 22290], Etnier & Starnes 1993:192 [ref. 22809], Knight & Hastings 1994:149 [ref. 25560], Stauffer et al. 1995:102 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:219 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:35 [ref. 23395], Eisenhour 1999:969 [ref. 24184], Lyons et al. 2000:24 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:177 [ref. 25978], Underwood et al. 2003:493 [ref. 27126], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Eisenhour 2004:13 [ref. 29854], Scharpf 2005:23 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:130 [ref. 28615], Page & Burr 2011:212 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Gilbert et al. 2017:501 [ref. 35222], Echelle et al. 2018:546 [ref. 35765], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:175 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Macrhybopsis aestivalis (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Texas and New Mexico (U,S.A.) and Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (northern Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

affinis, Algansea Regan [C. T.] 1907:151 [Biologia Centrali-Americana Part 215; ref. 3629] Mexico. Syntypes: (several) BMNH 1894.1.27.69 (1) Salamanca, 1900.9.29.145-147 (3) Rio Verde, 1905.12.6.264-273 (10) Río San Juan del Rio. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:35 [ref. 23395]. Plate 25 (fig. 1) appeared in 1908 [ref. 18482]. •Synonym of Algansea tincella (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Gilbert 1998:35 [ref. 23395], Fricke et al. 2024:166 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Algansea tincella (Valenciennes 1844). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

affinis, Clinostomus Girard [C. F.] 1856:212 [48] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] James River, Virginia, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 5 (20, now 0), USNM (one pair pharyngeal arches # 2626). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:35 [ref. 23395]. On p. 48 of separate. •Synonym of Clinostomus funduloides Girard 1856 -- (Lachner & Deubler 1960:359 [ref. 21967]). Current status: Synonym of Clinostomus funduloides Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

affinis, Gila Abbott [C. C.] 1860:474 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 12; ref. 15618] Bridger Pass, Wyoming, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 4196. Paralectotypes: USNM 3557 (1) Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621] with "Kansas" locality in error, Gilbert 1998:35-36 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Fowler 1925:398, fig. 6. •Synonym of Gila robusta Baird & Girard 1853 -- (Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395], Copus et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36179]). Current status: Synonym of Gila robusta Baird & Girard 1853. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

affinis, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:150 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Gand [=Ghent], Belgium. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-3354. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:57-58 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1119 [ref. 20712]. •Based on a hybrid between Rutilus rutilus x Scardinius erythrophthalmus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

agassii, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:254, Pl. 495 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Danube River at Munich, Germany; introduced elsewhere. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-0712. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-2586 [ex MNHN 0000-0712] (4). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:63 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1123 [ref. 20712]. Spelled agassizii on plate and agassii in text (on "L'Able d'Agassiz"); the latter is correctly formed; Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes serves as first reviser selecting agassii according to Kottelat & Freyhof 2009:80 [ref. 30320]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1123 [ref. 20712]. See Kottelat & Freyhof 2009:80 [ref. 30320] for more details. •Synonym of Leuciscus souffia Risso 1827, but a valid subspecies -- (Lelek 1987:210 [ref. 22962] as agassizi). •Valid as Telestes agassizii (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:200 [ref. 26728] as agassizi). •Synonym of Leuciscus souffia Risso 1827 -- (Kottelat 1997:70 [ref. 22952], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:288 [ref. 29996] as agassii, Kottelat & Freyhof 2009:80 [ref. 30320] as agassii). Current status: Synonym of Telestes souffia (Risso 1827). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

agassizii, Pimephales Cope [E. D.] 1867:394 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 13); ref. 910] Tributary of Ohio River at Richmond, Wayne County, Indiana, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 5609-10 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Pimephales promelas Rafinesque 1820 -- (Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Pimephales promelas Rafinesque 1820. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

agdamicus, Squalius Kamensky [S. N.] 1901:49 [German p. 160] [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere. 2.; ref. 14761] Near Agdam, Kuyra River basin, Azerbaijan. Holotype (unique): ?ZMT (not at ZIN). •Valid as Leuciscus agdamicus (Kamensky 1901) -- (Berg 1949:563 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Coad 1995:19 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:66 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:172 [ref. 23566], Bogutskaya 1998:63 [ref. 23589], Fricke et al. 2007:41 [ref. 29533]). •Valid as Squalius agdamicus Kamensky 1901 -- (Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975], Kaya et al. 2020:337 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[6] [ref. 37535], Turan 2022:340 [ref. 39758], Çiçek et al. 2023:409 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:254 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius agdamicus Kamensky 1901. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Kura basin (Turkey and Azerbaijan). Habitat: freshwater.

aguirrepequenoi, Notropis Contreras-Balderas [S.] & Rivera-Teillery [R.] 1973:10, Figs. 1-3 [Publicaciones Biologicas / Instituto de Investigaciones cientificas v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 7561] Río Pilón at crossing of highway 85, town of Mainero, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Holotype: IBUNAM-P 434. Paratypes: ASU (4), IBUNAM-P 435 (4), IPN P3678 (4), TNHC (4), TU 94116 (20), UANL 290 (1), 297 (109), 1141 (150), 1137 (orig. 444, now 416), UMMZ 197492 (4), USNM 214998 [? =325996] (4). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Bart & Taylor 1993:36 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]. Original as aguirrepequeñoi. •Valid as Notropis aguirrepequenoi Contreras-Balderas & Rivera-Teillery 1973 -- (Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Chernoff & Miller 1986:181 [ref. 6782], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:17 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:131 [ref. 28615], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Alburnops aguirrepequenoi (Contreras-Balderas & Rivera-Teillery 1973) -- (Stout et al. 2022:12 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:163 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Alburnops aguirrepequenoi (Contreras-Balderas & Rivera-Teillery 1973). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: upper Río Soto la Marina basin and Río San Fernando basin, Atlantic Slope, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

aikenii, Campostoma Cope [E. D.] in Cope & Yarrow 1875:672 [Engineer Department, United States Army, Report upon the Geographical and Geological Explorations and Surveys west of the one hundredth Meridian v. 5 (Zoology) Chapter 6; ref. 968] Arkansas River, Pueblo, Pueblo County, Colorado, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820), subspecies pullum (Agassiz 1854) -- (Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

airatilus, Luxilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1832:22 [Atlantic Journal and Friend of Knowledge, Philadelphia v. 1 (no. 1); ref. 3593] No distinguishing features, not available; see Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395]. Nomen Nudum. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae.

akili, Alburnus Battalgil [F.] 1942:288, Fig. 2 [Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul, Série B: Sciences Naturelles v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 13190] Beyşehir Lake, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Holotype: ZMH H1107. Paratypes: ZMH H1110 (1). •Doubtfully valid as Alburnus akili Battalgil 1942 -- (Coad 1991:13 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:10 [ref. 23608]). •Valid as Alburnus akili Battalgil 1942 -- (Bogutskaya 1997:157 [ref. 23277], Bogutskaya 1997:164 [ref. 23566], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Fricke et al. 2007:29 [ref. 29533], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:311 [ref. 29389], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:170 [ref. 30270], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:325 [ref. 30688] considered extinct, Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36267], Özuluğ et al. 2018:37 [ref. 35953], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:387 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Çiçek et al. 2024:211 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus akili Battalgil 1942. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Beyşehir Gölü, Isparta and Konya provinces (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

alabamae, Notropis Jordan [D. S.] & Meek [S. E.] 1884:476 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 450); ref. 10636] Tributary to Alabama River, Montgomery, Montgomery County, Alabama, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 35297. Paralectotypes: USNM 203323 [ex USNM 35297] (5). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Snelson 1972:21 [ref. 12386]. •Synonym of Notropis bellus (Hay 1881) -- (Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Lythrurus bellus (Hay 1881) -- (Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395], Boschung & Mayden 2004:200 [ref. 27995]). Current status: Synonym of Lythrurus bellus (Hay 1881). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alasanicus, Alburnus Kamensky [S. N.] 1901:104 [German p. 185] [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere. 2.; ref. 14761] Alasan River, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (2) ?ZMT, none at ZIN. •In part the same as Chondrostoma schmidti Berg 1914 -- (Berg 1949:628 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum Kessler 1877 -- (Coad 1995:16 [ref. 23608]). Current status: Synonym of Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum Kessler 1877. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

albeolus, Notropis Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1893:152 [American Naturalist v. 27 (no. 314); ref. 12375] South Saskatchewan River, Medicine Hat, Alberta, Canada. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1892.12.30.531. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Notropis megalops albeolus Jordan 1889, replaced by Notropis jordanii Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1893. •Synonym of Notropis heterolepis Eigenmann & Eigenmann 1893 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:459 [ref. 24570]). •Synonym of Notropis blennius (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Alburnops blennius Girard 1856. 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Alburnops blennius Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

albeolus, Notropis megalops var. Jordan [D. S.] 1889:123 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 8 (art. 2) (for 1888); ref. 10563] Roanoke River, near Roanoke, Roanoke County, Virginia, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 40177. Paralectotypes: MCZ 31984 (1); CAS-SU 611 (6); MNHN 1889-0343 (1); ?NMW 50913-14 (1, 1); USNM 177840 (14), 177841 (1, not this species). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:35 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Gilbert 1964:152 [ref. 12397]. •Valid as Notropis albeolus Jordan 1889 -- (Gilbert 1964:151 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:23 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:220 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Luxilus albeolus (Jordan 1889) -- (Meagher & Dowling 1991:979 [ref. 22441], Page & Burr 1991:110 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:373 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:92 [ref. 23376], Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Fuller et al. 1999:88 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:22 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:222 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Luxilus albeolus (Jordan 1889). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

albicans, Chondrostoma genei var. Gatti [M. A.] 1896:215 [Bollettino della Societá Romana per gli Stusi Zoologici v. 5 (nos 1-2); ref. 21183] Vomano River near Fontanelle, Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Chondrostoma genei (Bonaparte 1839) -- (Elvira 1987:119 [ref. 6743], Lelek 1987:183 [ref. 22962], Kottelat 1997:54 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Protochondrostoma genei (Bonaparte 1839). Current status: Synonym of Protochondrostoma genei (Bonaparte 1839). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

albidus, Leuciscus Costa [O. G.] 1838:Cyprinoides p. 16, Pl. 14 [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Campania, Cilento, Alento River near Fasana village, Italy. Neotype: IZA 7899. Neotype designated by Bianco 1980:32 [ref. 20633]. •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Coad 1995:11 [ref. 23608]). •Valid as Alburnus albidus (Costa 1838) -- (Bianco 1980:31 [ref. 20633], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079], Lelek 1987:139 [ref. 22962], Oliva et al. 1988:216 [ref. 26137], Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952], Fricke et al. 2007:29 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:163 [ref. 29996], Buj et al. 2010:130 [ref. 30888], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus albidus (Costa 1838). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: Adriatic basin, Croatia, Italy and Turkey. Habitat: freshwater.

albiensis, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:194 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Elbe River, Germany. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:65 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

albivallis, Lepidomeda Miller [R. R.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1960:24, Pls. 1 (fig. C), 3 (fig. E) [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 115; ref. 11934] White River, just below mouth of Ellison Creek, about 5 miles northwest of Preston, White Pine County, Nevada, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 173781. Paratypes: UMMZ 132180 (428) and UMMZ 124973 (14), 124977 (371), 124980 (61), 124984 (17), 124990 (111), 138331 (5). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Lepidomeda albivallis Miller & Hubbs 1960 -- (Lee et al. 1980:199 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:82 [ref. 18983], La Rivers 1994:462 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:36 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:85 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:21 [ref. 28940], Minckley & Marsh 2009:146 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:179 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lepidomeda albivallis Miller & Hubbs 1960. Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Distribution: North America: Nevada (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

albizonatus, Notropis Warren [M. L., Jr.] & Burr [B. M.] in Warren, Burr & Grady 1994:869, Fig. 2 [Copeia 1994 (no. 4); ref. 22062] Little South Fork Cumberland River at ford at Ritner, 20.9 kilometers east of Monticello, 36°47'N, 84°37'W, Kentucky, U.S.A. Holotype: INHS 29588. Paratypes: INHS 58665 (21); SIUC 18001-02 (5, 15); TU 166795 (5); UAIC 2975.03 (7), 10680.01 (5); UF 15878 (6); UMMZ 223255 (5); USNM 325845 (5); UT 44.5856 (5). Plus additional non-type material. Type catalog: Sabaj et al. 1997:260-261 [ref. 23225], Gilbert 1998:36-37 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis albizonatus Warren & Burr 1994 -- (Mettee et al. 1996:229 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:225 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:284 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Miniellus albizonatus (Warren & Burr 1994) -- (Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Miniellus albizonatus (Warren & Burr 1994). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

albor, Cyprinus Scopoli [J. A.] 1786:73 [Deliciae florae et faunae Insubricae; ref. 18712] Lakes of Insubria, northern Italy. No types known. Suppressed in favor of arborella (Bonaparte 1841) -- see Kottelat & Bianco 2005:180 [ref. 28261]. •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat & Bianco 2005:180 [ref. 28261]). Nomen Oblitum. Current status: Synonym of Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alborella, Aspius De Filippi [F.] 1844:402 [16] [Pesci finora osservati in Lombardia v. 1; ref. 19961] Lombardy, northern Italy. Syntypes: ?NMW 55408 (7). On p. 16 of separate. Also appeared in De Filippi 1845:98 [ref. 18079]. Leuciscus alburnellus Martens 1857:179, Pl. 9 (fig. 6) is an unjustified emendation (not investigated). •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758), but a questionable subspecies -- (Lelek 1987:142 [ref. 22962]). •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Bianco 1980:36 [ref. 20633], Bianco & Taraborelli 1984:112 [ref. 21915]). •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies arborella (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Bianco 1988:151 [ref. 22383]). •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Alburnus alborella (De Filippi 1844) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728] as arborella, Bianco 2013:9 [ref. 32897]). •Synonym of Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat & Bianco 2005:179 [ref. 28261]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Italy. Habitat: freshwater.

alborus, Notropis Hubbs [C. L.] & Raney [E. C.] 1947:1, Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 498; ref. 10908] Brush Creek, a tributary of Deep River, 5 miles west of Silver City, Randolph County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 138489. Paratypes: (19) CUMV 10074 (?), 3538 (5), 9619 (2); UMMZ 132797 (1), ?136149 -50 (1, 2), 138332-33 (8, 3), 138488 (8), 138490 (10); USNM 40347 (25, now 27), 93227 (16), 107615 (48). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybopsis alborus (Hubbs & Raney 1947) -- (authors). •Valid as Notropis alborus Hubbs & Raney 1947 -- (Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:221 [ref. 22416], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:350 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:157 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:430 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:879 [ref. 22062], Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:292 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Miniellus alborus (Hubbs & Raney 1947) -- (Stout et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Miniellus alborus (Hubbs & Raney 1947). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

albula, Cyprinus Nardo [G. D.] 1827:482, 488 [Isis (Oken) v. 20 (no. 6); ref. 19740] Adriatic Sea basin and France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952] "restricted" the type description on one source with a locality to France, but the Code does not provide for such restriction in that manner. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). •? Synonym of Squalius squalus (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

albula, Leuciscus Lesniewski [P. E.] 1837:38, 39 [Rybactwo krajowe czyli historyja naturalna ryb krajowych. I.; ref. 22005] Poland. •Status uncertain. Current status: Uncertain. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

albuloides, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:298 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Iran rivers. •Questionably a synonym of Chalcalburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Coad 1995:15 [ref. 23608]). •Synonym of Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:125 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:214 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

alburniformis, Bliccopsis Siebold [C. T. E. von] 1863:168 [Die Süsswasserfische von Mitteleuropa; ref. 4021] •Proposed for a hybrid, not available; from Kaliningrad, Russia. •Hybrid between Blicca bjoerkna x Alburnus alburnus -- (Kottelat 1997:183 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

alburniformis, Scardinopsis Benecke [B.] 1884:229 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 7 (no. 165); ref. 19486] Not available, described as a hybrid; from Deutsch-Eylau [now Ilawa, Poland]. •Hybrid between Scardinius erythropthalmus x Blicca bjoerkna -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

alburnoides, Aspius Selys-Longchamps [E. de] 1842:214 [Faune belge. Première partie; ref. 18717] Rivers Vesdre, Ourthem Moselle and tributaries, Bruxelles, Escaut River, Belgium. Syntypes: IRSNB 109 (31), 603-607 (1, 6, 3, 3, 1); ?MHNN 1087 (2). Type catalog: Kottelat 1984:146 [ref. 21784], Walschaerts 1987:11 [ref. 20755]. •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alburnoides, Leuciscus Steindachner [F.] 1866:263 [3], Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften v. 54 (1. Abth.); ref. 18777] Stream near Merida, Spain. Lectotype: NMW 49749:2. Paralectotypes: NMW 49749:1, 3-15 (13), 49778 (12). Species not listed in earlier abstract (Steindachner 1866 [ref. 21716]). Also in Steindachner 1866:5 [ref. 18757]. Lectotype selected by Bogutskaya 2000:20 [ref. 24891]. •Valid as Rutilus alburnoides (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952]). •See Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975]. •Valid as Iberocypris alburnoides (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:199 [ref. 29996]). •Valid as Leuciscus alburnoides Steindachner 1866 -- (Collares-Pereira et al. 1999:466 [ref. 39857]). •Valid as Tropidophoxinellus alburnoides (Steindachner 1866) -- (Bogutskaya 2000:20 [ref. 24891], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:171 [ref. 30270]). •Valid as Squalius alburnoides (Steindachner 1866) -- (Alves et al. 2002:649 [ref. 28744], Collares-Pereira & Coelho 2010:707 [ref. 31439]). Current status: Valid as Squalius alburnoides (Steindachner 1866). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Portugal and Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

alburnolucidus, Leuciscus Linstow [O. F. B. von] 1878:247 [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 44 (pt. 1); ref. 17547] Proposed for a hybrid, not available; from Germany. •Hybrid between Rutilus rutilus x Alburnus alburnus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

alburnus, Aspius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1841:fasc. 30, punt. 157, Pl. 116 (fig. 5) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 512] Italy. No types known. Probably not an original description. Current status: Uncertain. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alburnus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:325 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Europe. No types known. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:21 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Valid as Leuciscus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:20 [ref. 39336]). •Valid as Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:746 [ref. 20661], Lelek 1987:144 [ref. 22962], Mitrofanov et al. 1988:114 [ref. 37734], Oliva et al. 1988:204 [ref. 26137], Coad 1995:10 [ref. 23608], Chereshnev 1996:599 [ref. 24659], Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:164 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:735 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:56 [ref. 23589], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Fricke 1999:22 [ref. 24101], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Hanel 2003:51 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:79 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:166 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:236 [ref. 28804], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:164 [ref. 29996], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:310 [ref. 29389], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:170 [ref. 30270], Coad 2009:63 [ref. 30710], Buj et al. 2010:130 [ref. 30888], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391], Parin et al. 2014:67 [ref. 33547], Barbieri et al. 2015:43 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Bogutskaya et al. 2017:106 [ref. 35513], Romanov et al. 2017:821 [ref. 35687], Özuluğ et al. 2018:33 [ref. 35953], Ćaleta et al. 2019:156 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Çiçek et al. 2023:53 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:388 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[28] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Çiçek et al. 2024:211 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia, east to the Black Sea region. Introduced in Italy. Habitat: freshwater.

albus, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1838:fasc. 22, punt. 104, Pl. 113 (fig. 2) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4894] Lake Trasimeno, Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6335-36 (2), MNHN 0000-3903 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:61-62 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1127 [ref. 20712], Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Ivanović & Sekulović 1971:30 [ref. 42061], Bianco & Taraborelli 1984:114 [ref. 21915], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079]). •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:65 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975]). •Synonym of Squalius squalus (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Bianco 2013:6 [ref. 32897]). •Valid as Squalius albus (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:261 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Buj et al. 2019:[16] [ref. 37174]). Current status: Valid as Squalius albus (Bonaparte 1838). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: Lake Trasimeno (Italy). Habitat: freshwater.

albus, Rutilus Marić [D.] 2010:154, Figs. 1-2, 4 [Periodicum Biologorum v. 112 (no. 2); ref. 31525] Lake Skadar, sublacustrine spring Vaskaut, 42°06'26.30"N, 19°17'12.81"E, Montenegro. Holotype: NHMM 600-347. Paratypes: UMFSP 022 (1). •Valid as Rutilus albus Marić 2010 -- (Milosević et al. 2011:1095 [ref. 31524], Shumka et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40747]). •Valid as Leucos albus (Marić 2010) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:391 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Valid as Leucos albus (Marić 2010). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Lake Skadar and Lake Moraca (Albania and Montenegro). Habitat: freshwater.

alegnotus, Notropis bellus Snelson [F. F., Jr.] 1972:37, Figs 3a, 9 [Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 12386] Five Mile Creek, tributary to Valley Creek, U. S. highway 11 bridge, Jefferson County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 53346. Paratypes: CUMV 53354 (68), TU 58810 (10), USNM 204313 (10), UMMZ 197674 (10). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Bart & Taylor 1993:38 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis bellus (Hay 1881), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:237 [ref. 22416], Stein et al. 1985:154 [ref. 22486]). •Synonym of Lythrurus bellus (Hay 1881) but a valid subspecies -- (Page & Burr 2011:228 [ref. 31215]). •Valid as Lythrurus alegnotus (Snelson 1972) -- (Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:198 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:23 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lythrurus alegnotus (Snelson 1972). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Alabama (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

alepidotus, Phoxinellus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1040 [50] footnote [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Livno, Bosnia. Syntypes: MHNN 1018 (1); NMW 51106 (2), 51061 (3); SMF 802 (1). Type catalog: Kottelat 1984:149 [ref. 21784]. On p. 50 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Valid as Paraphoxinus alepidotus (Heckel 1843) -- (Vuković et al. 1971:80 [ref. 42062], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079]). •Valid as Phoxinellus alepidotus Heckel 1843 -- (Kottelat 1997:73 [ref. 22952], Zupančič & Bogutskaya 2002:415 [ref. 26818], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2003:373 [ref. 27407], Freyhof et al. 2006:418 [ref. 28484], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:222 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:33 [ref. 29926], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Bogutskaya et al. 2012:54 [ref. 32007], Ćaleta et al. 2015:75 [ref. 34877], Ćaleta et al. 2019:162 [ref. 37026], Palandačić et al. 2024:3 [ref. 41796]). Current status: Valid as Phoxinellus alepidotus Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Hybridizes with Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Habitat: freshwater.

aletes, Hudsonius Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1927:502 [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 4) v. 16 (no. 15); ref. 2453] Switz City Swamp, Greene County, Indiana, U.S.A. Syntypes: (3, presumed destroyed in 1906). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis texanus (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Alburnops texanus (Girard 1856). Current status: Synonym of Alburnops texanus (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alfiensis, Rutilus pleurobipunctatus Stephanidis [A.] 1971:183 [Biologia Gallo-Hellenica v. 3 (no. 2) (for 1970); ref. 7540] Alfios, Pinios, and Vergas River drainages, Peloponnesus, Greece. Syntypes: (22) Lab. Zool. de l'Univ. de Thessalonique, Greece. •Valid as Telestes alfiensis (Stephanidis 1971) -- (Freyhof et al. 2006:418 [ref. 28484], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802]). Current status: Valid as Telestes alfiensis (Stephanidis 1971). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

aliciae, Squalius Jouy [P. L.] 1881:19 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 186); ref. 18366] Provo River, near Utah Lake, Utah County, Utah, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 27412 (5, now 3 specimens), USNM (3 pairs of pharyngeal arches). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Gila copei (Jordan & Gilbert 1881) -- (Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Snyderichthys copei (Jordan & Gilbert 1881) -- (authors). •Valid as Lepidomeda aliciae (Jouy 1881) -- (Scharpf 2005:21 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:180 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lepidomeda aliciae (Jouy 1881). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Distribution: North America: Utah (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

alii, Pseudophoxinus Küçük [F.] 2007:2, Figs. 1, 3 [Turkish Journal of Zoology v. 31; ref. 29115] Ilica Stream, Manavgat, Antalya, Turkey. Holotype: ESFM-PISI/2005-015. Paratypes: SCFK-SDU/169 [? IFC-ESUF] (13). •Valid as Pseudophoxinus alii Küçük 2007 -- (Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:317 [ref. 30686], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:243 [ref. 31039], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Küçük et al. 2013:39 [ref. 32816], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:401 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:239 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophoxinus alii Küçük 2007. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Manavgat River basin (Mediterranean tributary), Antalya Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

almacai, Chondrostoma Coelho [M. M.], Mesquita [N.] & Collares-Pereira [M. J.] 2005:206, Fig. 3(a) [Folia Zoologica: international journal of vertebrate zoology. v. 54 (no. 1-2); ref. 28430] Torgal River, Odemira/Castelão, 37°37'53"N, 8°37'32"W, Mira drainage, southern Portugal. Holotype: MB 05-1870/21. Paratypes: MB 05-1870/1-20 (21). Plus non-type material. •Valid as Chondrostoma almacai Coelho, Mesquita & Collares-Pereira 2005 -- (Gante et al. 2010:968 [ref. 35176]). •Valid as Iberochondrostoma almacai (Coelho Mesquita & Collares-Pereira 2005) -- (Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Doadrio & Elvira 2007:296 [ref. 29510], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:197 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802]). Current status: Valid as Iberochondrostoma almacai (Coelho, Mesquita & Collares-Pereira 2005). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Portugal. Habitat: freshwater.

alter, Cyprinus leuciscus var. Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:71 [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, or Luhaiya, Yemen, Red Sea. No types known. Current status: Unknown. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

altipinnis, Alburnellus Cope [E. D.] 1870:464 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 11 (no. 84); ref. 913] Yadkin River, Roane (= Rowan) County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 2846. Paralectotypes: ANSP 2031 (1), 2847 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621] as holotype and paratypes, Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Fowler 1910:Pl. 19 (fig. 37) [ref. 19840]. •Valid as Notropis altipinnis (Cope 1870) -- (Lee et al. 1980:222 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:151 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:440 [ref. 21581], Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:283 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Hudsonius altipinnis (Cope 1870) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hudsonius altipinnis (Cope 1870). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Virginia and Georgia (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

altivelis, Lepidomeda Miller [R. R.] & Hubbs [C. L.] 1960:26, Pls. 1 (fig. D), 3 (fig. D) [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 115; ref. 11934] Outflow of Ash Spring, about 0.25 to 2.5 miles below spring source, Pahranagat Valley, Lincoln County, Nevada, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 125004. Paratypes: UMMZ 125005 (16), UMMZ 124813 (7). •Valid as Lepidomeda altivelis Miller & Hubbs 1960 [but extinct] -- (Lee et al. 1980:202 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:82 [ref. 18983], La Rivers 1994:472 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:37 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:22 [ref. 28940], Minckley & Marsh 2009:148 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:179 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lepidomeda altivelis Miller & Hubbs 1960. Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Distribution: North America: Nevada (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

altus, Hudsonius Jordan [D. S.] 1880:301 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 94); ref. 2382] Lake Tupataro, Guanajuato, Mexico. Lectotype: USNM 23125 (1). Paralectotypes: MCZ 36017 [ex USNM 23127] (1); USNM 23126 (1), 23127 (now 0), 23128-29 (1, 1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:37-38 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 54, p. 3243 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable and an original type. •Valid as Notropis altus (Jordan 1880) -- (Schönhuth & Doadrio 2003:333 [ref. 27194]). •Valid as Yuriria alta (Jordan 1880) -- (Miller 1991:226 [ref. 20063], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:21 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:78 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:42 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:141 [ref. 28615], Domínguez-Domínguez et al. 2007:263 [ref. 29756], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:180 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Yuriria alta (Jordan 1880). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southwestern North America: southern-central highlands, Pacific Slope (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

altus, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:237 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Lago Maggiore, Italy. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Based on a figure from Bonaparte. •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

altus, Oreoleuciscus pewzowi var. Warpachowski [N. A.] 1889:45, Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [Monograph of the new genus of cyprinid fishes (Oreoleuciscus).; ref. 17829] Tatkhen-teli [Tatche-teli] River, tributary to Dzabkhyn River, Mongolia. Syntypes: ZIN 6380 (7). •Synonym of Oreoleuciscus pewzowi Herzenstein 1883 -- (Berg 1949:540 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Oreoleuciscus potanini (Kessler 1879) -- (Bogutskaya 2001:23 [ref. 26833], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:91 [ref. 28183]). •Questionably a synonym of Oreoleuciscus dsapchynensis Warpachowski 1889 -- (Kottelat 2006:42 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Uncertain as Oreoleuciscus dsapchynensis Warpachowski 1889. Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

altus, Phoxinus Warpachowski [N. A.] 1887:688 [Mélanges biologiques v. 12; ref. 13838] Tributaries to Yenisey [Yenisei] River, Siberia, Russia. Syntypes: ZIN 3235 (6+). Also as Bull. Akad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersburg, v. 30:535. •Synonym of Phoxinus percnurus (Pallas 1814) -- (Berg 1949:574 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Eupallasella perenurus (Pallas 1814) -- (Kottelat 1997:58 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Phoxinus perenurus (Pallas 1814) -- (Bogutskaya 1998:68 [ref. 23589], Sideleva 2001:51 [ref. 26181], Sideleva 2003:9 [ref. 27815]). •Synonym of Eupallasella percnurus (Pallas 1814) -- (Kottelat 2006:31 [ref. 28831]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris percnurus (Pallas 1814). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchocypris percnurus (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

alutaceus, Acrocheilus Agassiz [L.] & Pickering [C.] in Agassiz 1855:99 [29] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 19 (no. 55); ref. 71] Willamette Falls, Oregon City, Clackamas County, Oregon; Wallawalla River at Whitman, Walla Walla County, Washington, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 83357 (2, 1 a skin) Walla Walla R. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395]. On p. 29 of separate. •Valid as Acrocheilus alutaceus Agassiz & Pickering 1855 -- (Lee et al. 1980:140 [ref. 22416], McAllister 1990:58 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:70 [ref. 18983], La Rivers 1994:384 [ref. 23389], Simons & Mayden 1997:195 [ref. 24948], Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:386 [ref. 24570], Coffie 1998:154 [ref. 25003], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:118 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:10 [ref. 28940], McPhail 2007:56 [ref. 31199], Page & Burr 2011:163 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Gila alutacea (Agassiz & Pickering 1855) -- (Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Gila alutacea (Agassiz & Pickering 1855). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: British Columbia (Canada) and western U.S.A. states. Habitat: freshwater.

alvarezdelvillari, Cyprinella Contreras-Balderas [S.] & Lozano-Vilano [M. de L.] 1994:898, Fig. 1 [Copeia 1994 (no. 4); ref. 22061] Balneario La Concha, 9 kilometers southwest of Peñón Blanco, Durango, Mexico. Holotype: UANL 8302. Paratypes: AMNH 47834 [ex UANL 8303 & 11131] (4); BMNH 1990.6.23.3-6 [ex UANL 8310] (4); CAS [ex UANL 8303 & 11131] (4), 54426 (1); IPN P4436 [ex UANL 8310] (4); TNHC 17459 [ex UANL 8310] (4); UANL 8303 (276, now 256), 8310 (192, now 168), 8315-16 (12, 1), 8266 (1), 11131 (2, ? now 0); TU 157269 [ex UANL 8310] (4); UALA [ex UANL 8310] 9115.01 (4); UMMZ [ex UANL 8303 & 11131] 214693 (8); UNAM [ex UANL 8303 & 11131] 3239 (4); USNM 308111 [ex UANL 8310] (4). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395], Contreras-Balderas et al. 1998:2-3 [ref. 23752]. •Valid as Cyprinella alvarezdelvillari Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano 1994 -- (Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:109 [ref. 28615], Scharpf 2005:12 [ref. 28940], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:169 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella alvarezdelvillari Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano 1994. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: tributary of the Nazas River, endorheic Río Penon Blanco system, from Ojo la Concha spring to 8 km downstream, Durango State (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

alvarezi, Algansea Romero [H.] 1967:49, Fig. 1 [Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, México v. 14 (for 1965); ref. 7840] Upper Lerma River basin, Matravatío de Ocampo, Michoacán, Mexico. Holotype: ENCB. Paratypes: (204) ENCB; IPN P949 (20), P962 (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Algansea tincella (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395], Fricke et al. 2024:166 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Algansea tincella (Valenciennes 1844). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

alvordensis, Gila Hubbs [C. L.] & Miller [R. R.] 1972:102 [Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History v. 17 (no. 8); ref. 2260] Trout Creek, Harney County, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 130495. Paratypes: UMMZ 130496-98 (198, 1, 149), 130533-35 (536, 112, 299). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Gila alvordensis Hubbs & Miller 1972 -- (Lee et al. 1980:159 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:77 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:17 [ref. 28940]). •Valid as Siphateles alvordensis (Hubbs & Miller 1972) -- (Page & Burr 2011:173 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Siphateles alvordensis (Hubbs & Miller 1972). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: Oregon and Nevada (western U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

amabilis, Alburnus Girard [C. F.] 1856:193 [29] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Río Leona (tributary to Río Nueces), Uvalde, Uvalde County, Texas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 72. Paralectotypes: (orig. 15) ANSP 3151 [ex USNM 72] (1), MCZ 1684 [ex USNM 72] (2), UMMZ 56288 (1), USNM 427771 (25). Plus pharyngeal arch as USNM 2677 in osteological coll. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:24-25 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395]. On p. 29 of separate. Lectotype selected by Conway & Kim 2016:329 [ref. 34355]. •Valid as Notropis amabilis (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:223 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:136 [ref. 18983], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:17 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:38 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:131 [ref. 28615], Page & Burr 2011:262 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Conway & Kim 2016:309 [ref. 34355], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:177 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Notropis amabilis (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Bravo/Rio Grande basin, Texas (U.S.A.) and Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (northern Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

amara, Algoma Girard [C. F.] 1856:181 [17] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Laguna near Fort Brown [= Brownsville], on Rio Grande del Norte [Rio Bravo], Cameron County, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 149 (plus pharyngeal arches # 2727). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:38-39 [ref. 23395]. On p. 17 of separate. •Status uncertain -- (Lee et al. 1980:177 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Hybognathus amarus (Girard 1856) -- (Cook et al. 1992 [ref. 19894], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:16 [ref. 22290], Schmidt 1994:622 [ref. 22424], Bestgen & Propst 1996:41 [ref. 22399], Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:71 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:20 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:126 [ref. 28615], Page & Burr 2011:217 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:175 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Hybognathus amarus (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: southern U.S.A. (Texas and New Mexico) and Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (northern Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

amarus, Hudsonius Girard [C. F.] 1856:210 [46] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Chesapeake Bay, and as far up the Potomac River as Washington D.C., U.S.A. Syntypes: ?ANSP 2062-63 (2); UMMZ 56292 [ex USNM 17] (1), USNM 15 (6, now 0, 1 pharyngeal arch as # 2636), 16 (7, now 0, 1 pair pharyngeal arches as # 2637), 17 (10 now 0, 4 sets or arches as # 2638). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:25 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395]. On p. 46 of separate. •Synonym of Notropis hudsonius (Clinton 1824) -- (Gilbert 1978:25 [ref. 7042], Smith 1986:195 [ref. 22186], Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:460 [ref. 24570]). •Synonym of Hudsonius hudsonius (Clinton 1824). Current status: Synonym of Hudsonius hudsonius (Clinton 1824). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

amatlana, Yuriria Domínguez-Domínguez [O.], Pompa-Domínguez [A.] & Doadrio [I.] 2007:263, Fig. 2A [Graellsia, Revista de Zoologia, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid. v. 63 (no. 2); ref. 29756] Río Chiquito, Ixtian del Río, Amatlan de Cañas, Nayrit, Mexico, 20°48'02.1"N, 104°25'37.1"W. Holotype: CPUM 1631. Paratypes: CNP-IBUNAM P.14437 (5); CPUM 1610-1630 (21); MNCN 259039-41 (3). •Valid as Yuriria amatlana Domínguez-Domínguez, Pompa-Domínguez & Doadrio 2007 -- (Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:181 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Yuriria amatlana Domínguez-Domínguez, Pompa-Domínguez & Doadrio 2007. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southwestern North America: upper Río Ameca basin, Jalisco and Nayarit, Pacific watersheds (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

amblops, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:241 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Falls of the Ohio River, at Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:90 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:51 [ref. 3592]. •Valid as Notropis amblops (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395], Bailey et al. 2004:86 [ref. 27882]). •Valid as Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gilbert 1978:90 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:181 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:137 [ref. 22186], Warren & Burr 1988:181 [ref. 13844], Robison & Buchanan 1988:183 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:160 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:49 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:175 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:345 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:90 [ref. 23376], Burr et al. 1996:169 [ref. 41506], Mettee et al. 1996:193 [ref. 25836], Fuller et al. 1999:80 [ref. 25838], Grose & Wiley 2002:1092 [ref. 26513], Nelson et al. 2004:71 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:112 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:186 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:20 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:296 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hybopsis amblops (Rafinesque 1820). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

amecae, Algansea Pérez-Rodríguez [R.], Pérez-Ponce de León [G.], Domínguez-Domínguez [O.] & Doadrio [I.] 2009:485, Fig. 2A [Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad v. 80; ref. 30469] Tributary to the Ameca River [Pacific watershed] at La Coronilla, 13 kilometers south of Ameca City, Jalisco, central Mexico, 20°28'09.4"N, 104°04'10.6"W. Holotype: CPUM 2079. Paratypes: CNP-IBUNAM 14622 (3), CPUM 1612 (25). •Valid as Algansea amecae Pérez-Rodríguez, Pérez-Ponce de León, Domínguez-Domínguez & Doadrio 2009 -- (Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:164 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Algansea amecae Pérez-Rodríguez, Pérez-Ponce de León, Domínguez-Domínguez & Doadrio 2009. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: tributary to Río Ameca at La Coronilla, Jalisco, Pacific watershed (central Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

amecae, Notropis Chernoff [B.] & Miller [R. R.] 1986:172, Figs. 2, 5, 7, 8 [Copeia 1986 (no. 1); ref. 6782] Río Teuchitlán on eastern edge of Teuchitlán, state of Jalisco, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 212500. Paratypes: UMMZ 160910 (2), 172218 (20, 4 c&s), 173547 (8), 173800 (7), 192181 (8). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybopsis amecae (Chernoff & Miller 1986) -- (Miller 2006:127 [ref. 28615]). •Valid as Notropis amecae Chernoff & Miller 1986 -- (Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:17 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Lyons & Mercado-Silva 2004:873 [ref. 28048], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Domínguez-Domínguez et al. 2009:161 [ref. 30768], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Aztecula amecae (Chernoff & Miller 1986) -- (Stout et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:166 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Aztecula amecae (Chernoff & Miller 1986). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: upper Río Ameca, Pacific Slope of Jalisco (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

americanus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] (ex Gardin) 1766:530 [Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 2786] Carolina [Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A.]. Syntypes: LS 86-87 (2, left half-skins). Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus americanus Linnaeus 1758, a sciaenid (see Wheeler 1985:29, 31 [ref. 20705]). Based on manuscript description and specimens sent by A. Garden [South Carolina]. •Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814) -- (Wheeler 1985:29 [ref. 20705]). •Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814) -- (Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

americanus, Plargyrus Cope [E. D.] 1865:281 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 16; ref. 13927] Saginaw Bay; Grosse Isle, Detroit River, Michigan, U.S.A. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Apparently not an original description but not evident from text. •Probably the same as Cyprinus americanus Linnaeus 1766, and, if so, would be in the synonymy of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814). Current status: Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

amirkabiri, Alburnus Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vatandoust [S.], Khataminejad [S.], Eagderi [S.], Abbasi [K.], Nasri [M.], Jouladeh [A.] & Vasil'eva [E. D.] 2015:43, Figs. 2-4, 5-6a [Journal of Ichthyology v. 55 (no. 1); ref. 33691] Markazi Province, Ghareh-Chay River, in the Namak Lake basin, 34°53′N, 050°02′E, Iran. Holotype: VMFC ALB201H. Paratypes: VMFC, ZMMU. •Valid as Alburnus amirkabiri Mousavi-Sabet, Vatandoust, Khataminejad, Eagderi, Abbasi, Nasri, Jouladeh & Vasil’eva 2015 -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:863 [ref. 34062], Falahatkar et al. 2015:323 [ref. 35421], Esmaeili et al. 2017:34 [ref. 35254]). •Synonym of Alburnus doriae De Filippi 1865 -- (Mohammadian-Kalat et al. 2017:499 [ref. 35603], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:127 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus doriae De Filippi 1865. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ammophilus, Notropis Suttkus [R. D.] & Boschung [H. T.] 1990:50, Figs. 1, 3-4 [Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany v. 27 (no. 2); ref. 19827] Chilatchee Creek, tributary Alabama River, 0.3 mile north of Alberta, highway 5, Dallas-Wilcox County line, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 151630. Paratypes: CUMV 71712 (20); GSA 6865.07 (84); TU 60871 (1147), 121386 (129), 125388 (292), 140934 (207), 145519 (117), 151631 (124), 153083 (98), 153185 (296), 154399 (25), 154734 (19); Univ. Alabama Ichthyol. coll. 265.04 (74), 2362.13 (116), 5899.04 (172); UF 78362 (20); UMMZ 214869 (20), 215189 (100); USNM 301164 (10); UT 44.4341 (19), 44.4504 (20). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:36-37 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybopsis ammophilus (Suttkus & Boschung 1990) -- (Boschung 1992:49 [ref. 23239]). •Valid as Notropis ammophilus Suttkus & Boschung 1990 -- (Page & Burr 1991:144 [ref. 18983], Suttkus 1991:7 [ref. 19117], Etnier & Starnes 1993:207 [ref. 22809], Mettee et al. 1996:231 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:39 [ref. 23395], Ross et al. 2001:186 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:226 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:272 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Miniellus ammophilus (Suttkus & Boschung 1990) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Miniellus ammophilus (Suttkus & Boschung 1990). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Alabama, Tennessee and Mississippi (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

amnigenus, Tirodon Hay [O. P.] 1882:68 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 2 (for 1882); ref. 2054] Pearl River at Jackson, Hinds County, Mississippi, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 32157. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:40 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Hybognathus nuchalis Agassiz 1855 -- (Gilbert 1998:40 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:420 [ref. 24570], Ross et al. 2001:160 [ref. 25978]). Current status: Synonym of Hybognathus nuchalis Agassiz 1855. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

amnis, Notropis Hubbs [C. L.] & Greene [C. W.] in Hubbs 1951:2, 14, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-2) [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 530; ref. 10773] A channel of Mississippi River, 1 mile north of the Prairie du Chien, Crawford County, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 75435. Paratypes: MCZ 36079 (3); UMMZ 72002 (1), 72004 (2), 76634 (3), 76797 (2), 77705 (8), 77959 (1), 78186 (30), 78222 (16), 78246 (68), 78279 (11), 78312 (11), 78361 (8), 100918 (2), 100949 (4), 117559 (2); USNM 69335 (1), 93514 (7), 93517 (20), 117559 (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:25 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:40 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis amnis Hubbs & Greene 1951 -- (Gilbert 1978:25 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:224 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:197 [ref. 23393], Warren & Burr 1988 [ref. 13844], Lyons et al. 2000:25 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:188 [ref. 25978]). •Valid as Hybopsis amnis (Hubbs & Greene 1951) -- (Page & Burr 1991:161 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:176 [ref. 22809], Gilbert 1998:40 [ref. 23395], Grose & Wiley 2002:1092 [ref. 26513], Nelson et al. 2004:71 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:114 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:20 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hybopsis amnis (Hubbs & Greene 1951). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

amoenus, Alburnellus Abbott [C. C.] 1874:334, Fig. 78 [American Naturalist v. 8 (no. 6); ref. 15626] Delaware and Raritan Canal, probably in Mercer County, New Jersey, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:25-26 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:40 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis amoenus (Abbott 1874) -- (Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:225 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:170 [ref. 22186], Page & Burr 1991:132 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:399 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:118 [ref. 23376], Gilbert 1998:40 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:101 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:254 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Notropis amoenus (Abbott 1874). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

amphigenus, Scardinopsis Selys-Longchamps [E. de] 1870:110 [Congrès Scientifique de France 36ème Session, Chartres (1869); ref. 23077] Proposed for a hybrid, not available; from Belgium. •Hybrid between Rutilus rutilus x Scardinius erythrophthalmus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

amplamala, Notropis Pera [T. P.] & Armbruster [J. W.] 2006:424, Figs. 4, 5B [Copeia 2006 (no. 3); ref. 28795] 5 kilometers northeast of Bleecker, County road 379, Wacoochee Creek, Lee County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: AUM 39911. Paratypes: ANSP 180646 (5); AUM 2266 (17), 39912 (64); INHS 99095 (5); TU 198057 (5), UAIC 14126.01 (5); UF 148374 (5). •Valid as Notropis amplamala Pera & Armbruster 2006 -- (Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Ericymba amplamala (Pera & Armbruster 2006) -- (Page & Burr 2011:295 [ref. 31215], Robins et al. 2018:87 [ref. 35886] without parentheses, Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Ericymba amplamala (Pera & Armbruster 2006). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Gulf Slope drainages, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Florida (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

analostana, Cyprinella Girard [C. F.] 1859:59 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 11; ref. 1821] Rock Creek, tributary of Potomac River, opposite Analostan Island (Theodore Roosevelt Island), Washington, D.C., U.S.A. Syntypes: apparently lost. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:40 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis analostanus (Girard 1859) -- (Gibbs 1963:520 [ref. 21327], Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:226 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:176 [ref. 22186]). •Valid as Cyprinella analostana Girard 1859 -- (Mayden 1989:73 [ref. 12555], Page & Burr 1991:120 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:361 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:68 [ref. 23376], Gilbert 1998:40 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:62 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:12 [ref. 28940], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page & Burr 2011:237 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella analostana Girard 1859. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: northeastern U.S.A. and southeastern Canada. Habitat: freshwater.

anatolicus, Acanthorutilus Hankó [B.] 1925:141, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici v. 21 (for 29 Dec. 1924); ref. 2035] Eregli, probably Lake Ak [Akgöl], Turkey. Syntypes: (21) MNHN 1928-0221 [ex MNSB [Mus. Nat. Hongrois]] (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:58 [ref. 19574]. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus anatolicus (Hankó 1925) -- (Bogutskaya 1992:268 [ref. 22066], Bogutskaya 1997:157 [ref. 23277], Bogutskaya 1997:175 [ref. 23566], Hrbek et al. 2004:304 [ref. 27955], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2006:258 [ref. 28846], Bogutskaya et al. 2006:336 [ref. 29055], Küçük 2007:1 [ref. 29115], Fricke et al. 2007:44 [ref. 29533], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:317 [ref. 30686], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:243 [ref. 31039], Perea et al. 2010:4 [ref. 31802], Sasi 2011:238 [ref. 31703] dated 1924, Küçük et al. 2013:39 [ref. 32816], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Küçük et al. 2016:287 [ref. 34910], Çiçek et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36267], Bayçelebi et al. 2020:140 [ref. 37381], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:402 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Çiçek et al. 2024:239 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophoxinus anatolicus (Hankó 1925). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Akgöl, Karaman Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

anatolicus, Leuciscus lepidus Bogutskaya [N. G.] 1997:173 [Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut v. 94; ref. 23566] Beyşehir Gölü, central Turkey. Holotype: ZMH 8864. Paratypes: ZMH 1134 (1), 2463 (8), 6635 (1), 6638 (1), 22787 (2). •Synonym of Leuciscus lepidus (Heckel 1843), but presumed valid as a subspecies as described. •Valid as Leuciscus anatolicus Bogutskaya 1997 -- (Fricke et al. 2007:41 [ref. 29533]). •Valid as Squalius anatolicus (Bogutskaya 1997) -- (Turan et al. 2009:57 [ref. 30540], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011:114 [ref. 31360], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36267], Bayçelebi et al. 2020:140 [ref. 37381], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:409 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Çiçek et al. 2024:254 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius anatolicus (Bogutskaya 1997). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Beyşehir Gölü and Beyşehir Gölü tributaries, Isparta and Konya provinces (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

anceps, Scardiniopsis Jäckel [A. J.] 1864:64 [Abhandlungen des Zoologisch-Mineralogischen Vereines Regensburg v. 9 (1864); ref. 2338] Proposed for a hybrid, not valid; from Altmühl River, Germany. •Intergeneric hybrid: Rutilus rutilus x Scardinius erythrophthalmus. Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

angorensis, Chondrostoma nasus Elvira [B.] 1987:117 [Cybium v. 11 (no. 2); ref. 6743] Eskishir, Turkey. Holotype: NMW 52234:1. Paratypes: NMW 52234:2-11 (10), 52235 (3), 52477 (3). Other material: MSNC (uncat., 2); NMW 52233 (4), 52236 (6), 52478-80 (3, 3, 7). •Questionably a synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758), or a valid species -- (Kottelat 1997:55 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Elvira 1991:149 [ref. 20036]). •Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as angorense -- (Bogutskaya 1997:151 [ref. 23277], Bogutskaya 1997:170 [ref. 23566]). •Valid as Chondrostoma angorense Elvira 1987 -- (Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Fricke et al. 2007:36 [ref. 29533], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:251 [ref. 37644], Çiftci et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37725], Yogurtçuoglu et al. 2020:[11] [ref. 37627], Küçük et al. 2021:246 [ref. 38611], Çiçek et al. 2023:395 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:225 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Chondrostoma angorense Elvira 1987. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Sakarya and Kιzιlιrmak basin (Black Sea tributaries), Anatolia (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

angrenicus, Leuciscus Serov [N. P.] 1941:72 [Izvestija Uzbekistanskogo Filiala Akademii Nauk SSSR v. 4; ref. 21754] Angren River in basin of Syr-Darya, Uzbekistan. •Synonym of Leuciscus lehmanni Brandt 1852 -- (Berg 1949:548 [ref. 20661]). Current status: Synonym of Leuciscus lehmanni Brandt 1852. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

angusticephalus, Oreoleuciscus Bogutskaya [N. G.] 2001:35, Figs. 7-8 [Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences v. 287; ref. 26833] Channel between lakes Khirgis-Nur and Airik-Nur, western Mongolia. Holotype: ZIN 50163. Paratypes: ZIN 50164 (7), ZMMGU P-15901 (3), plus 6 osteological preparations. •Valid as Oreoleuciscus angusticephalus Bogutskaya 2001 -- (Kottelat 2006:42 [ref. 28831], Ocock et al. 2006:41 [ref. 28933]). Current status: Valid as Oreoleuciscus angusticephalus Bogutskaya 2001. Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Distribution: Lakes of the Great Lakes basin, Mongolia. Habitat: freshwater.

angusticeps, Coregonus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1848:534 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 21; ref. 1013] Saskatchewan, Canada. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:40-41 [ref. 23395]. Not included in "Catalog of Fishes" 1998. Name appeared as: "On pourrait l'appeler Coregonus angusticeps?" Locality and identification questioned (see Gilbert 1998:40-41 [ref. 23395]). Drawing apparently incorrectly with an adipose fin. •Regarded as probably a synonym of Platygobio gracilis (Richardson 1836) -- (Gilbert 1998:40-41 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Platygobio gracilis (Richardson 1836). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

angustior, Alburnus lucidus var. Walecki [A.] 1863:342, 358 [Biblioteka Warszawska, Wiadomosci Z Nauk [Science News] v. 4; ref. 22954] Regarded as infrasubspecific and unavailable by Kottelat 1997:46 [ref. 22952] but is not infrasubspecific. Unneeded replacement name for Aspius alburnoides Selys-Longchamps 1842. As augustior in Walecki 1864:53 [ref. 22969]. •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:46 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

anjubaulti, Squalius Selys-Longchamps [E. de] 1870:113 [Congrès Scientifique de France 36ème Session, Chartres (1869); ref. 23077] Proposed for a hybrid, not available; from: Loire R. basin, France. •Hybrid between Leuciscus leuciscus x Alburnus alburnus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

annoni, Cyprinus Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:32 [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Rhine River, near Basel, Switzerland. No types known. •Synonym of Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782) -- (Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

annulatum, Exoglossum Rafinesque [C. S.] 1818:421, Pl. 17 (fig. 3) [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 3588] Fishkill River, which falls into the Hudson River above the Highlands, New York, U.S.A. No type known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]. Species account indicates illustration on fig. 4 of Pl. 17, but description matches fig. 3. •Synonym of Exoglossum maxillingua (Lesueur 1817) -- (Smith 1986:132 [ref. 22186], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Exoglossum maxillingua (Lesueur 1817). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

anogenus, Notropis Forbes [S. A.] 1885:138 [Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History v. 2 (art. 2); ref. 1344] Fox River at McHenry, McHenry County, Illinois, U.S.A. Lectotype: INHS 26948 (poor condition). Paralectotypes: (23) INHS 26949 (now 5), USNM 64153 (7). Type catalog: Smith & Bridges 1960:253 [ref. 21197], Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042], Sabaj et al. 1997:261 [ref. 23225], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Bailey 1959:120 [ref. 21198]. •Valid as Miniellus anogenus (Forbes 1885) -- (Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Notropis anogenus Forbes 1885 -- (Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:227 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:185 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:60 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:157 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:438 [ref. 24570], Lyons et al. 2000:25 [ref. 26594], Holm et al. 2002:618 [ref. 26241], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:87 [ref. 27882], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:291 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Notropis anogenus Forbes 1885. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. and Lake Ontario drainage (Canada). Habitat: freshwater.

anomalous, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:241 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Licking River, Kentucky, etc., Ohio River drainage, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:52 [ref. 3592]. •Valid as Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gruchy et al. 1973:684 [ref. 41053], Lee et al. 1980:143 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:126 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:169 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:58 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:93 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:93 [ref. 18983], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:11 [ref. 22290], Etnier & Starnes 1993:139 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:300 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Stauffer et al. 1995:59 [ref. 23376], Baxter & Stone 1995:56 [ref. 23374], Cross & Collins 1995:51 [ref. 23394], Simons & Mayden 1997:195 [ref. 24948], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:52 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:22 [ref. 26594], Holm & Grossman 2001:157 [ref. 25429], Ross et al. 2001:126 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:84 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:11 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, Miller 2006:108 [ref. 28615], Cashner et al. 2010:304 [ref. 30834] with subspecies, Minckley & Marsh 2009:175 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:195 [ref. 31215] with subspecies, Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: southern Canada, eastern and central U.S.A. to Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

antalyae, Pseudophoxinus Bogutskaya [N. G.] 1992:274, Fig. 2b [Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut v. 89; ref. 22066] Stream Kirkgöz near Antalya, Turkey. Holotype: ZMH 1114. Paratypes: ZMH 1681 (2), 2445 (41), plus 1 osteol. prep. Type catalog: Wilkens & Dohse 1993:412 [ref. 21161]. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus antalyae Bogutskaya 1992 -- (Bogutskaya 1997:175 [ref. 23566], Hrbek et al. 2004:305 [ref. 27955], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2006:258 [ref. 28846], Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055], Küçük 2007:1 [ref. 29115], Fricke et al. 2007:44 [ref. 29533], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:317 [ref. 30686], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:243 [ref. 31039], Perea et al. 2010:4 [ref. 31802], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:402 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:240 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophoxinus antalyae Bogutskaya 1992. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Mediterranean Sea tributaries, Antalya Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

antica, Algansea Cope [E. D.] 1865:282 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 16; ref. 13927] Texas, U.S.A. (doubtless erroneous, probably from Nevada or an adjacent state). Lectotype: ANSP 4911. Paralectotypes: ANSP 4912-13 (2), 16868 (1, dry skeleton, in pieces). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:68 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Fowler 1913:69, Fig. 5 [ref. 22249]. •Synonym of Gila bicolor (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856). Current status: Synonym of Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

anuli, Pimephales Kendall [W. C.] 1903:360, Fig. 2 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 12340] Cross Lake Thoroughfare (stream connecting Salmon and Cross lakes), Aroostook County, Maine, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 50830. Paratypes: USNM 126832 [ex USFC 2745] (1); non-types questionably referred to species: ANSP 142733 (2); FMNH 4821 (15); UMMZ 87090 [ex MCZ 30249] (3); USNM 50831 (now 50), 221230 (11). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:66 [ref. 12367], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Pimephales promelas Rafinesque 1820 -- (Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Pimephales promelas Rafinesque 1820. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aphanea, Algansea Barbour [C. D.] & Miller [R. R.] 1978:21, Fig. 6 [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 155; ref. 7033] Río Ayutla, 10 kilometers west of jct. of Mascota road with highway 80, about 4.8 kilometers southeast of Ayutla, Jalisco, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 193377. Paratypes: ANSP 136517 (10); CAS 40708 (10); FMNH 83855 (10); TU 105478 (10); UMMZ 178363 (78, 3 c&s), 192196 (221, 6 c&s); USNM 218275 (10). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:7 [ref. 12367], Bart & Taylor 1993:31 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Algansea aphanea Barbour & Miller 1978 -- (Barbour & Miller 1994:674 [ref. 21563], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:10 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:41 [ref. 23395], Lyons 2003:283 [ref. 27768], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:10 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:104 [ref. 28615], Pérez-Rodríguez et al. 2009:486 [ref. 30469], Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:165 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Algansea aphanea Barbour & Miller 1978. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Armeria and Río Coahuayana, Pacific Slope of Colima and Jalisco (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

aphipsi, Leuciscus Aleksandrov [A. I.] 1927:155, Fig. [Trudy Kerčenskoj Naučnoj Rybochozjajstvennoj Stancii v. 1 (nos 2-3); ref. 15835] Aphips River above Krepostnaya, Kuban Basin, Russia. Neotype: ZIN 50427. Syntypes: (64) destroyed. Neotype designated by Bogutskaya & Poznyak 1994:309 [ref. 22694]. •Valid as Leuciscus aphipsi Aleksandrov 1927 -- (Berg 1949:562 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya & Poznyak 1994:308 [ref. 22694], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:738 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:63 [ref. 23589], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178]). •Valid as Squalius aphipsi (Aleksandrov 1927) -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:88 [ref. 28183], Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:262 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Dyldin et al. 2020:111 [ref. 37569]). •Valid as Petroleuciscus aphipsi (Aleksandrov 1927) -- (Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Freyhof et al. 2018:131 [ref. 35889], Dyldin et al. 2023:[33] [ref. 40328], Kaya et al. 2023:4 [ref. 40658]). Current status: Valid as Petroleuciscus aphipsi (Aleksandrov 1927). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eastern Europe: Kuban River, Transcaucasia, northwestern Caucasus (Russia). Habitat: freshwater.

aphnitis, Vimba vimba tenella natio Battalgil [F.] 1941:181 [Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul, Série B: Sciences Naturelles v. 6 (nos 1-2); ref. 13194] Not available, infrasubspecific; from Manyas Lake, Turkey. •In the synonymy of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:86 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:180 [ref. 23566]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

aphya, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:323 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] River Agger north of Lohmar, 50°50'N, 7°12'E, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. Neotype: NRM 55108. Spelled aphia by Bonnaterre 1788:196 [ref. 4940] and authors. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:25 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Neotype validly designated by Kottelat 2007:155 [ref. 29201]; the neotype is the same as the neotype for Cyprinus phoxinus Linnaeus 1758 making them simultaneous objective synonyms. See also Kottelat 2007:155 [ref. 29201] for other nomenclatural issues. •Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:588 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:20 [ref. 22798], Kottelat 1997:73 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:68 [ref. 23589], Fricke 1999:25 [ref. 24101], Sideleva 2001:51 [ref. 26181], Sideleva 2003:9 [ref. 27815], Kottelat 2007:155 [ref. 29201], Denys et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37846]). Current status: Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Habitat: freshwater.

apollonicus, Phoxinus Bianco [P. G.] & De Bonis [S.] 2015:10, Figs. 13-15 [Researches on Wildlife Conservation v. 4; ref. 34040] Upper River Moraca tributary to Lake Skadar, Montenegro. Holotype: IZA 87103-1. Paratypes: IZA. First revisor action in an unavailable publication, not valid. •Synonym of Phoxinus karsticus Bianco & De Bonis 2015 -- (Palandačić et al. 2017:12 [ref. 35519]). Current status: Synonym of Phoxinus karsticus Bianco & De Bonis 2015. Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Habitat: freshwater.

apollonitis, Leuciscus Richardson [J.] 1857:374 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1856 (pt 24) (art. 2); ref. 18632] Lake Apollonitis [Apulyont], northwestern Turkey. Holotype (unique): BMNH 1856.5.2.6. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

aradensis, Leuciscus Coelho [M. M.], Bogutskaya [N. G.], Rodrigues [J. A.] & Collares-Pereira [M. J.] 1998:943, Fig. 2 [Journal of Fish Biology v. 52 (no. 5); ref. 24127] Arade River, Silves, Arade basin, Portugal. Holotype: MB 23296/05-1219a. Paratypes: MB 23296/05-1219b (10), 7193/05-325 (2). •Valid as Leuciscus aradensis Coelho, Bogutskaya, Rodrigues & Collares-Pereira 1998. •Valid as Squalius aradensis (Coelho, Bogutskaya, Rodrigues & Collares-Pereira 1998) -- (Sanjur et al. 2003:21 [ref. 28742], Freyhof et al. 2006:418 [ref. 28484], Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975], Doadrio et al. 2007:96 [ref. 29250], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:263 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011:107 [ref. 31360], Buj et al. 2019:[16] [ref. 37174]). Current status: Valid as Squalius aradensis (Coelho, Bogutskaya, Rodrigues & Collares-Pereira 1998). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Algibre River basin, southern Portugal. Habitat: freshwater.

aralensis, Abramis sapa Tiapkin [P. M.] 1939:149 [Archives du Musée Zoologique de l'Université de Moscou v. 5; ref. 13186] Aral Sea, lower part of Amu-Daria, and Syr-Daria River, Kazakalpakstan and Uzbekistan. Syntypes: ZMMU P-3364 (2). Type catalog: Svetovidova 1978:257 [ref. 9011], Vasil'eva et al. 2001:17 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814), subspecies bergi Belyaeff 1930 -- (Berg 1949:784 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814), but a valid supspecies as described -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1988:161 [ref. 37734], Bogutskaya 1998:56 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:133 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aralensis, Alburnus chalcoides Berg [L. S.] 1923:272, 506 [ ref. 16807] Vozrozhdenie Island, Aral Sea. No types known. Appeared in footnote on p. 272, and in text with a diagnosis on p. 506. •Synonym of Chalcalburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:742 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:9 [ref. 22348], Mitrofanov et al. 1988:107 [ref. 37734], Bogutskaya 1998:59 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Chalcalburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Kottelat 1997:53 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:126 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

aralensis, Rutilus rutilus Berg [L. S.] 1916:134 [Les Poissons des eaux douces de la Russie; ref. 277] Aral Sea. Syntypes: ?ZIN. Not available, infrasubspecific according to Kottelat 1997. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:505 [ref. 20661], Yang & Hwang 1964:12 [ref. 13497], Coad 1981:11 [ref. 22348], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:32 [ref. 37731], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:70 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:144 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:252 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

aralychensis, Leuciscus cephalus orientalis natio Barach [G. P.] 1934:109 [Trudy Instytutu Zoologii i Biologii = Reports of the Institute of Zoology and Biology = Travaux de l'institut de Zoologie et Biologie, Akademija Nauk URSR. v. 1; ref. 21471] Syntypes: ZMT 22-11 (10). Not available, infrasubspecific; from Karasu River, near town of Aralyky, Turkey. Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

arborella, Aspius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1841:Fasc. 30, punt. 157 [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 512] Lakes of northern Italy. No types known. Syntypes: ANSP 6075-6076 (1,1). Described in the account of Aspius alburnis but regarded as available. Treated as a nomenproctectum under art. 23.9.1.2 by Kottelat & Bianco 2005:180 [ref. 28261] •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Bianco 1988:151 [ref. 22383]). •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat & Bianco 2005:179 [ref. 28261], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:165 [ref. 29996], Buj et al. 2010:131 [ref. 30888], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Bianco & Delmastro 2011:5 [ref. 31648], Ćaleta et al. 2019:157 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: Switzerland, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Habitat: freshwater.

arcansanus, Notropis telescopus var. Meek [S. E.] 1891:133 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 9 (art. 9) (for 1889); ref. 12399] Spring Branch, town of Mommouth Spring, White River basin, Fulton County, Arkansas, U.S.A. Lectotype: CAS-SU 1027 (poor condition). Paralectotypes: ANSP 3251-58 (8), CAS-SU 68040 (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:35 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:41-42 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042]. •Synonym of Notropis telescopus (Cope 1868) -- (Gilbert 1969:487 [ref. 21331], Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Notropis telescopus (Cope 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

arcasii, Leucos Steindachner [F.] 1866:14 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe v. 3; ref. 21709] Ebro River at Logroño, La Rioja, and Cailes [Queiles] River at Tudela, Navarra, Spain. Syntypes: (many) NMW 50639-49 (3, 2, 3, 4, 3, 30, 2, 5, 6, 20, 9), 50650-51 (3, 27), 49760 (4), 49752-777 (75 spec., 26 lots), 60743 (1), 60485 (1). Species first described in the abstract above, later described in more detail in Steindachner 1866 [ref. 14058], p. 199 [p. 2 of separate]; also appeared in Steindachner 1866:14 [p. 9 of separate] [ref. 18776] as Leuciscus (Leucos) arcasii and in Steindachner 1866:311 [ref. 21711] and Steindachner 1866:5 [ref. 18757] as Leuciscus arcasii. Misspelled arca by Seeley 1886:179 [ref. 30373] in genus Leuciscus. •Valid as Rutilus arcasii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952]). •See Ketmaier et al. 1998:47 [ref. 23809]. •Valid as Chondrostoma arcasii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Doadrio & Carmona 2003:30 [ref. 28132], Coelho et al. 2005:202 [ref. 28430], Robalo et al. 2005:24 [ref. 28431], Gante et al. 2007:26 [ref. 29300], Gante et al. 2010:968 [ref. 35176]). •Valid as Achondrostoma arcasii (Steindachner 1866) -- (Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Doadrio & Elvira 2007:296 [ref. 29510], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:156 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Doadrio et al. 2023:7 [ref. 40184]). Current status: Valid as Achondrostoma arcasii (Steindachner 1866). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwest Europe: Ebro and Levantine (Mijares, Turia and Palancia) drainages, Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

archidion, Algansea monticola Barbour [C. D.] & Miller [R. R.] 1994:667, Fig. 4 [Copeia 1994 (no. 3); ref. 21563] Río Huaynamota drainage, 1.4 kilometers west of Huejuquilla, tributary to the Río Huejuquilla, Arroyo San José, Jalisco, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 220231. Paratypes: UMMZ 211056 (102), 215210 (62, 5 c&s). Other specimens: UMMZ 216114 (53, 4 c&s). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Algansea monticola Barbour & Contreras-Balderas 1968, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395], Scharpf 2005:11 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:106 [ref. 28615], Fricke et al. 2024:165 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Algansea monticola Barbour & Contreras-Balderas 1968. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ardebilicus, Leuciscus cephalus orientalis natio Barach [G. P.] 1934:114 [Trudy Instytutu Zoologii i Biologii = Reports of the Institute of Zoology and Biology = Travaux de l'institut de Zoologie et Biologie, Akademija Nauk URSR. v. 1; ref. 21471] Not available, infrasubspecific; from Balyk-tchai River, trib. of Karasu, near Ardabil, Iran. •In the synonymy of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) subspecies orientalis Nordmann 1840 -- (Berg 1949:557 [ref. 20661]). •In the synonymy of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:66 [ref. 22952]). •In the synonymy of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

ardens, Hypsilepis Cope [E. D.] 1868:163 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 19; ref. 7316] Headwaters of Roanoke River, Montgomery County, Virginia, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 3268. Paralectotypes: ANSP 3269-3316 (48), BMNH 1868.1.10.23 (orig. 8, now 2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395]. Original genus should have been Hypsolepis. Lectotype established by Fowler 1910 [ref. 19840]. •Valid as Notropis ardens (Cope 1868) -- (Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:228 [ref. 22416], Snelson 1990 [ref. 21030]). •Valid as Lythrurus ardens (Cope 1868) -- (Page & Burr 1991:114 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:51 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:187 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:382 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:99 [ref. 23376], Dimmick et al. 1996:818 [ref. 22600], Mettee et al. 1996:207 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Fuller et al. 1999:92 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:23 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:225 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lythrurus ardens (Cope 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

ardesiaca, Gila Cope [E. D.] in Cope & Yarrow 1875:660, Pl. 30 (figs. 1, 1a-b) [Engineer Department, United States Army, Report upon the Geographical and Geological Explorations and Surveys west of the one hundredth Meridian v. 5 (Zoology) Chapter 6; ref. 968] Locality unknown [= probably Nevada or Arizona, U.S.A.]. Holotype (unique): USNM 16974. •Synonym of Richardsonius egregius (Girard 1858) -- (La Rivers 1994:399 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Richardsonius egregius (Girard 1858). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ardesiaca, Lavinia Snyder [J. O.] 1913:58, Pl. 24 (fig. 26); Fig. 1 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 32 (Doc. 776) (for 1912); ref. 4153] Pajaro River near Watsonville, Santa Cruz County, California, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 74459. Paratypes: BMNH 1900.9.29.177 [from Jordan] (1); CAS-SU 22490 (47); USNM 49578 (1), 75356-59 (38, 2, 22, 27), 75360-63 (20, 39, 24, 41), 75683 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:32 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395]. Many of the paratypes are hybrids between Lavinia exilicauda and Hesperoleucas symmetricus (see Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395]). SU 22490 has 47 specimens, not 12 as listed in Gilbert 1998:42. •Synonym of Lavinia exilicauda Baird & Girard 1854, subspecies harengus Girard 1856 -- (Gilbert 1998:42 [ref. 23395], Page & Burr 2011:158 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Lavinia exilicauda Baird & Girard 1854. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Pajaro and Salinus rivers, California [this subspecies]. Habitat: freshwater.

arenatus, Rhinichthys Garman [S.] 1881:87 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 8 (no. 3); ref. 1530] Sand Hill River, northern Minnesota, U.S.A. Syntypes: UMMZ 86658 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:42-43 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804), subspecies meleagris Agassiz 1854 -- (Gilbert 1998:42-43 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

arge, Alburnellus Cope [E. D.] 1867:388 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 13); ref. 910] Detroit or St. Joseph rivers, Michigan, U.S.A. [locality confused]. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:26 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis photogenis (Cope 1865) -- (Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Notropis photogenis (Cope 1865). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

argentatus, Plargyrus Girard [C. F.] 1856:212 [48] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] James River system, Virginia, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:26-27 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]. On p. 48 of separate. •Synonym of Notropis cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1964:141 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

argenteus, Leuciscus Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] (ex Agassiz) 1832:336 [Beiträge zur Landeskunde Österreichs unter der Enns, Wien v. 1; ref. 5019] Unneeded new name for Cyprinus leuciscus Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:68 [ref. 22952]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

argenteus, Leuciscus Storer [D. H.] 1839:406 [90] [Boston Journal of Natural History v. 2 (nos 3-4) (art. 12); ref. 4278] Worcester County, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. On p. 90 of separate. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Leuciscus argenteus Fitzinger 1832. •Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817) -- (Smith 1986:157 [ref. 22186], Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Habitat: freshwater.

argenteus, Leuciscus Selys-Longchamps [E. de] (ex Agassiz) 1842:205 [Faune belge. Première partie; ref. 18717] Belgium. Syntypes: MNHN 0256 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:62 [ref. 19574], Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Leuciscus argenteus Fitzinger 1832 and Storer 1839. 1°Homonym. Current status: Uncertain. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

argenteus, Leuciscus Agassiz [L.] 1835:38 [Mémoires de la Société Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles v. 1; ref. 22] Apparently name only, not available; perhaps refers to Leuciscus argenteus of earlier authors. Nomen Nudum. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

argenteus, Squalius vulgaris var. Walecki [A.] 1863:342, 363 [Biblioteka Warszawska, Wiadomosci Z Nauk [Science News] v. 4; ref. 22954] Apparently not available; unclear to which species of other authors this name is applied and no other description given. Also in Walecki 1864:27 [ref. 22969]. •In the synonymy of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:68 [ref. 22952]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

argentissimus, Plagopterus Cope [E. D.] 1874:130 [2] [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 14; ref. 932] "San Luis Valley, western Colorado, U.S.A." [probably southwestern Utah, U.S.A.]. Syntypes: ANSP 19851-52 (2), BMNH 1883.12.14.239 [ex. USNM 15576] (1); MCZ 18817 (2), CAS-SU 2003 (1), USNM 15576 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:36 [ref. 12291], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]. On p. 2 of separate. Miller & Hubbs 1960:34 [ref. 11934] discuss types and type locality problems. Jordan & Evermann 1896:329 [ref. 2443] listed the type as USNM 15776, but that lot contains 3 specimens. •Valid as Plagopterus argentissimus Cope 1874 -- (Lee et al. 1980:344 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:83 [ref. 18983], Swift et al. 1993:117 [ref. 22379], La Rivers 1994:475 [ref. 23389], Williams 1995:400 [ref. 22136], Sigler & Sigler 1996:107 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:138 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:36 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:138 [ref. 28615], Minckley & Marsh 2009:158 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:181 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:77 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:75 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:178 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Plagopterus argentissimus Cope 1874. Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Distribution: Southwestern North America: Middle and lower Colorado River system (southwestern U.S.A.) and Baja California and Sonora (northwestern Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

argentosa, Dionda Girard [C. F.] 1856:178 [14] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] San Felipe Creek and Devil's River, two tributaries of Rio Grande del Norte (Rio Bravo), Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 1676 [ex USNM 33] (1) Devil's R., MNHN 0000-0354 [ex USNM 33] (1); USNM 32 (14, and 1 phyrngeal bone as # 2646) San Felipe Creek, USNM 33 (4, now 0, one pharyngeal arch as #2647). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]. On p. 14 of separate. •Valid as Dionda argentosa Girard 1856 -- (Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:15 [ref. 28940], Schönhuth et al. 2008:738 [ref. 29831], Page & Burr 2011:200 [ref. 31215], Schönhuth et al. 2011:428 [ref. 36200], Page et al. 2013:70 [ref. 32708], Hanna et al. 2015:3 [ref. 41465], Page et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:171 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Dionda argentosa Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Grande/Río Bravo system in southern Texas (U.S.A.) and adjacent Coahuila (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

argyreiosus, Pogonichthys Girard [C. F.] 1854:153 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 5769] Presidio, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 190 (4, 2 spec. plus 2 gill arches). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Pogonichthys macrolepidotus (Ayres 1854) -- (Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Pogonichthys macrolepidotus (Ayres 1854). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

argyreus, Abramis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:45 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] No locality. Holotype: ?MNHN 0000-1061 (1 of 2). Appeared first as name only, not available in Agassiz 1835:39 [ref. 22]. Based on a drawing sent by Agassiz; see Kottelat 1997:43 [ref. 22952] for remarks on possible type. •Synonym of Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:43 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

argyritis, Hybognathus Girard [C. F.] 1856:182 [18] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Milk River, Montana and Arkansas River near Fort Smith, Arkansas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 87. Paralectotypes: ANSP 5096 (1); MCZ 1788 [ex USNM 86] (1); MNHN 0000-0350 [ex USNM 86] (2); USNM 86 (orig. 20+, now 1 pair of pharyngeal arches as # 2687), 343578 [ex USNM 87] (6, plus 2 pharyngeal arches as # 2688). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:43-44 [ref. 23395]. On p. 18 of separate. Lectotype selected by Gilbert 1998:43 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybognathus argyritis Girard 1856 -- (Lee et al. 1980:174 [ref. 22416], McAllister 1990:59 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:108 [ref. 18983], Schmidt 1994:622 [ref. 22424], Baxter & Stone 1995:74 [ref. 23374], Cross & Collins 1995:63 [ref. 23394], Bestgen & Propst 1996:51 [ref. 22399], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:417 [ref. 24570], Houston 1998:147 [ref. 25000], Nelson et al. 2004:71 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:20 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:218 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hybognathus argyritis Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America. Habitat: freshwater.

argyroleuca, Blicca Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1007 [17], Pl. 1 [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] No locality. Syntypes: NMW 94767 (left pharyngeal bone). Type catalog: Palandačić et al. 2024:289 [ref. 41191]. On p. 17 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Synonym of Abramis bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:42 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:763 [ref. 20661] but dated to Heckel & Kner 1858, Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:867 [ref. 34062], Ćaleta et al. 2019:158 [ref. 37026], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:133 [ref. 37983]), Palandačić et al. 2024:291 [ref. 41191]. Current status: Synonym of Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

ariommus, Photogenis Cope [E. D.] 1867:378 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 13); ref. 910] White River, near Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ANSP 16488. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395]. Also appeared in Cope 1868:164 [ref. 7316]. •Valid as Notropis ariommus (Cope 1867) -- (Gilbert 1969:481 [ref. 21331], Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:229 [ref. 22416], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:352 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:136 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:53 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:208 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:405 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:119 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:233 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:102 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:227 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:261 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Notropis ariommus (Cope 1867). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: scattered localities. Habitat: freshwater.

aristotelis, Squalius Özuluğ [M.] & Freyhof [J.] 2011:118, Figs. 8-10 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 22 (no. 2); ref. 31360] Stream Behramkale north of Assos, Biga Peninsula, 39°29.91'N, 26°19.99'E, Çanakkale Province, Turkey. Holotype: IUSHM 2009-944. Paratypes: FSJF 2355 (5); IUSHM 2009-945 (10), 2009-946 (3). Type catalog: Özuluğ & Saç 2018:47 [ref. 35782]. •Valid as Squalius aristotelis Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011 -- (Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:409 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:255 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius aristotelis Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Çanakkale Province, Aegean Sea tributary (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

armeniensis, Alburnoides bipunctatus Dadikyan [M. G.] 1972:566 [550] [Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 12 (no. 3); ref. 22966] Rivers Arpa, Vorotan, Vedi, Marmarik, Kasakh and their tributaries, basin of river Araks, Armenia. Syntypes: (434) ZIN 37502 (10). On page 550 of English translation. •Synonym of Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782) -- (Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:163 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Coad 1995:10 [ref. 23608]). •Synonym of Alburnoides eichwaldii (De Filippi 1863) -- (Coad & Bogutskaya 2009:75 [ref. 30264], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:141 [ref. 30270], Coad & Bogutskaya 2012:47 [ref. 32156], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2015:295 [ref. 34153], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:114 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:202 [ref. 40789]), Current status: Synonym of Alburnoides eichwaldii (De Filippi 1863). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

arquatus, Alburnus Fatio [V.] 1882:433 [Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse Part 1; ref. 1308] Name published in synonymy, not available. Nomen Nudum. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

arrhada, Acanthobrama Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1076 [86] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Tigris River at Mosul, Iraq. Syntypes: NMW 55334-36 (8, 1, 1), ?RMNH 2538 [ex NMW] (2), SMF 411 [ex NMW] (2). On p. 86 of separate [ref. 2067]. Listed on p. 1033 [43 of separate] under Acanthobrama as Trachibrama arrhada. •Synonym of Acanthobrama marmid Heckel 1843 -- (Goren et al. 1973:296 [ref. 1853], Coad 1991:13 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:10 [ref. 23608], Bogutskaya 1997:163 [ref. 23566], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:108 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:197 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthobrama marmid Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

arrigonis, Leuciscus Steindachner [F.] 1866:67 [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe v. 3; ref. 21715] Lake Uña and Júcar River near Cuenca, Spain. Syntypes: (several) NMW 52161-232 (316 spec., 71 lots), 53409 (5). Species first described in the above abstract, later illustrated and described in more detail in Steindachner 1866:16 [p. 11 of separate], Pl. 4 [ref. 18776]. Also in Steindachner 1866:8, 9 [ref. 18757]. •Synonym of Chondrostoma toxostoma (Vallot 1837), but a valid subspecies -- (Elvira 1987:131 [ref. 6743], Lelek 1987:181 [ref. 22962], Elvira 1991:149 [ref. 20036]). •Valid as Chondrostoma arrigonis (Steindachner 1866) -- (Kottelat 1997:54 [ref. 22952], Doadrio & Carmona 2003:30 [ref. 28132], Coelho et al. 2005:202 [ref. 28430], Gante et al. 2010:968 [ref. 35176], Çiftci et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37725]). •Valid as Parachondrostoma arrigonis (Steindachner 1866) -- (Robalo et al. 2007:371 [ref. 28878], Doadrio & Elvira 2007:296 [ref. 29510], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:211 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802]). Current status: Valid as Parachondrostoma arrigonis (Steindachner 1866). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

asianus, Abramis elongatus var. Steindachner [F.] 1897:689 [5], Pl. 4 (fig. 1) [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 64; ref. 14691] Kiutahia-Su, near Eskischehir [Eskisehir], Turkey. Syntypes: NMW 55251 (5). •Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies tenella (Nordmann 1840) -- (Berg 1949:795 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Vimba melanops (Heckel 1837) -- (Kottelat 1997:86 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bogutskaya 1997:180 [ref. 23566]). Current status: Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

asper, Nocomis Lachner [E. A.] & Jenkins [R. E.] 1971:3, Figs. 1-2 [Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 91; ref. 7688] Big Spring Creek at Camp Gailand, 8 kilometers south of Locust Grove, Mayes County, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 204851. Paratypes: OSUMZ 5106 (4), 5159 (3), 5722 (2); TU 48547 (9), 48613 (28), 48658 (14); USNM 193358 (9), 204852 (15). Additional material at CUMV, NCSM, OSUMZ, TU, UMMZ, UOMZ, USNM. Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:33 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Nocomis asper Lachner & Jenkins 1971 -- (Lee et al. 1980:210 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:194 [ref. 23393], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:85 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:90 [ref. 18983], Cross & Collins 1995:79 [ref. 23394], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:132 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:25 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:191 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Nocomis asper Lachner & Jenkins 1971. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

asperifrons, Notropis Suttkus [R. D.] & Raney [E. C.] 1955:4, Figs. 1-2 [Tulane Studies in Zoology v. 3 (no. 1); ref. 12531] Holly Creek at Ramhurst, 8 miles north of Murray County line on U.S. highway 41, Murray County, Georgia, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 28262. Paratypes: CUMV 28260 (3), 28261 (1), 28263 (7); TU 2974 (22), 3063 (5), 3426 (8), 4251 (28), ?97113 [ex CUMV 28263] (5); UMMZ 111122 (2), 111125 (7), 139104 (3), 162594 (2); USNM 164968-69 (1, 1). Additional material: CUMV (5 lots, 43); UMMZ (2 lots, 7); USNM (2 lots, 19). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Suttkus 1970:118 [ref. 20861], Bart & Taylor 1993:37 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395], Gilbert 2009:159 [ref. 30728]. •Valid as Notropis asperifrons Suttkus & Raney 1955 -- (Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:230 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:146 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:53 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:209 [ref. 22809], Mettee et al. 1996:235 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:228 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:27 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:276 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Alburnops asperifrons (Suttkus & Raney 1955) -- (Stout et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Alburnops asperifrons (Suttkus & Raney 1955). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

aspius, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:325 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Swedish lakes. No types known. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:22 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Valid as Aspius aspius (Linnaeus 1758), as a valid subspecies -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1987:160 [ref. 37731]). •Valid as Aspius aspius (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:603 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:9 [ref. 22348], Lelek 1987:150 [ref. 22962], Coad 1995:11 [ref. 23608], Zhu 1995:31 [ref. 25213], Kottelat 1997:46 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:168 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:735 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:58 [ref. 23589], Luo in Chen et al. 1998:90 [ref. 23878], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Fricke 1999:22 [ref. 24101], Gabrielyan 2001:26 [ref. 25867], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Hanel 2003:49 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:83 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:167 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:209 [ref. 28804], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:32 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:177 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391], Parin et al. 2014:68 [ref. 33547], Zhang et al. 2016:52 [ref. 34477], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108] as Aspiuss aspius). •Valid as Leuciscus aspius (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:874 [ref. 34062], Barbieri et al. 2015:55 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:30 [ref. 36089], Ćaleta et al. 2019:161 [ref. 37026], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:140 [ref. 37983], Kaya et al. 2020:337 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Çiçek et al. 2023:35 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:399 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[32] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Çiçek et al. 2024:234 [ref. 40789], Artaev et al. 2025:22 [ref. 42057]). Current status: Valid as Leuciscus aspius (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Europe to western Asia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

asturicense, Achondrostoma Doadrio [I.], Casal-López [M.] & Perea [S.] 2023:15, Figs. 8D, 11 [Graellsia v. 79 (no. 1): e191; ref. 40184] Truchas River, Duero Drainage, Sotillo de Sanabria, Zamora, Spain,42°05'12.0"N, 6°42'48.5"W, elevation 1.600 meters. Holotype: MNCN_ICTIO 296812. Paratypes: MNCN_ICTIO. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Achondrostoma asturicense Doadrio, Casal-López & Perea 2023. Current status: Valid as Achondrostoma asturicense Doadrio, Casal-López & Perea 2023. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwest Europe: Esla River drainage, Duero River basin, Spain and probably in the Duero basin in Protugal. Habitat: freshwater.

athabascae, Leuciscus nachtriebi Bajkov [A. D.] 1927:399 [23] [Contributions to Canadian Biology and Fisheries (n. s.) v. 3 (no. 16); ref. 15776] Athabasca River and beaver dams at Old Fort Point near Jasper, Alberta, Canada. Syntypes: (8) whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Semotilus margarita (Cope 1867) -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:516 [ref. 24570]). •Synonym of Margariscus margarita (Cope 1867), subspecies nachtriebi (Cox 1896) -- (Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Margariscus margarita (Cope 1867). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Habitat: freshwater.

atherinoides, Notropis Rafinesque [C. S.] 1818:204 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 2 (3) (Jan. 1818); ref. 3585] "Lake Erie," North America. Syntypes: ?USNM 42505 (2) Judsonia, Arkansas. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque 1818 -- (Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:231 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:171 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:199 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:60 [ref. 14674], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:353 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:132 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:54 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:210 [ref. 22809], Humphries & Cashner 1994:82 [ref. 21414], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:397 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Baxter & Stone 1995:90 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:121 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:84 [ref. 23394], Chereshnev 1996:600 [ref. 24659], Mettee et al. 1996:237 [ref. 25836], Simons & Mayden 1997:195 [ref. 24948], Sigler & Sigler 1996:98 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:440 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:102 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:26 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:190 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:88 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:136 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:229 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:27 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, McPhail 2007:92 [ref. 31199], Page & Burr 2011:253 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708], Conway & Kim 2016:334 [ref. 34355], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque 1818. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America. Habitat: freshwater.

athurensis, Squalius cephalus var. Roule [L.] & Cardaillac de Saint-Paul [G. del P. de] 1903:732 [Comptes rendus de la ... session, Association Française pour l'Avancement des Sciences. Paris v. 31 (pt 2); ref. 18642] Adour River, southwestern France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:66 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

atrapiculus, Notropis (Lythrurus) Snelson [F. F., Jr.] 1972:58, Figs. 3c, 4e-h [Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences v. 17 (no. 1); ref. 12386] Sikes Creek, tributary to West Fork of Choctawhatchee River, Barbour County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 53343. Paratypes: CUMV 53351 (20), 53142 (26); TU 2509 (36); USNM 204314 (8). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Bart & Taylor 1993:37 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:44-45 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis atrapiculus Snelson 1972 -- (Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:233 [ref. 22416], Stein et al. 1985:154 [ref. 22486]). •Valid as Lythrurus atrapiculus (Snelson 1972) -- (Page & Burr 1991:117 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:51 [ref. 23239], Bart et al. 1994:6 [ref. 41394], Mettee et al. 1996:209 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:44 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:93 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:199 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:23 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:230 [ref. 31215], Robins et al. 2018:95 [ref. 35886], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lythrurus atrapiculus (Snelson 1972). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America; Georgia, Alabama and Florida (southeastern U.S.A.). IUCN (2013): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

atraria, Siboma Girard [C. F.] 1856:208 [44] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Fish Spring, Tooele County, Utah, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 236 (pharangeas areches as # 2789). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:45 [ref. 23395]. On p. 44 of separate. Name placed on Official List in Opinion 1872. •Valid as Gila atraria (Girard 1856) -- (Lee et al. 1980:160 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:76 [ref. 18983], La Rivers 1994:395 [ref. 23389], Baxter & Stone 1995:68 [ref. 23374], Andersen & Deacon 1996:124 [ref. 24717], Sigler & Sigler 1996:74 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:45 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:72 [ref. 25838], Broughton 2000:651 [ref. 24593], Johnson 2002:948 [ref. 26052], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:18 [ref. 28940], Minckley & Marsh 2009:180 [ref. 31114], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Gila atraria (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: western U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

atratulus, Cyprinus Hermann [J.] 1804:320 [Observationes zoologicae; ref. 2146] North America. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:45 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804) -- (Lee et al. 1980:352 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:147 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:64 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:88 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:100 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:59 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:254 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:296 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:158 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:111 [ref. 23394], Mettee et al. 1996:315 [ref. 25836], Simons & Mayden 1997:195 [ref. 24948], Gilbert 1998:45 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:491 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:146 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:32 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:248 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:279 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:38 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:204 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:77 [ref. 32708], Kraczkowski & Chernoff 2014:331 [ref. 34840], Page et al. 2023:75 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. and southeastern Canada. Habitat: freshwater.

atrilatus, Pseudaspius Jordan [D. S.] & Thompson [W. F.] 1914:231, Pl. 26 (fig. 3) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 4); ref. 2543] Lake Biwa at Matsubara, Japan. Holotype: FMNH 57075 [ex CM 6012a]. Paratypes: CAS-SU 22610 (4). Type catalog: Henn 1928:72 [ref. 12305], Böhlke 1953:36 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:70 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Moroco steindachneri (Sauvage 1883) -- (Okada 1961:489 [ref. 6363]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris steindachneri (Sauvage 1883) -- (Howes 1985:60 [ref. 5274]). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchocypris steindachneri (Sauvage 1883). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

atripes, Lythrurus Jordan [D. S.] 1878:59 [Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History v. 1 (no. 2); ref. 10444] Cache River, Johnson County, Illinois, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 26295. Paralectotypes: ISNH (none found), CAS-SU 1989 (2), ?MCZ 25030 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:45 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Snelson & Pflieger 1975:235 [ref. 12387]. •Synonym of Notropis umbratilis (Girard 1856) -- (Snelson & Pflieger 1975:235 [ref. 12387], Gilbert 1978:27 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Lythrurus umbratilis (Girard 1856), subspecies cyanocephalus Copeland 1877 -- (Gilbert 1998:45 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Lythrurus umbratilis (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

atrocaudalis, Notropis cayuga var. Evermann [B. W.] 1892:76 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 11(art. 2) (for 1891); ref. 12391] Neches River, about 14 miles east of Palestine (at Palistine and Rusk RR bridge), Anderson County, Texas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 45557. Paralectotypes: (16) CAS-SU 2139 [ex USNM 45557] (1), USNM 125171 [ex USNM 45557] (14). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:34 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:27-28 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:45 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Evermann & Kendall 1894:27, Pl. 16 [ref. 12391]; also (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 46, p. 3240 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446]. •Valid as Notropis atrocaudalis Evermann 1892 -- (Gilbert 1978:28 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:234 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:200 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:159 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:45-46 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:137 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:27 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:294 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738] as 'Notropis' atrocaudalis, Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Notropis atrocaudalis Evermann 1892. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: southern-central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

atromaculatus, Cyprinus Mitchill [S. L.] 1818:324 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 2 (no. 5, art. 1); ref. 30214] Walkill River, New York State, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:45-46 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill 1818) -- (Lee et al. 1980:361 [ref. 22416], Smith 1985:153 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:251 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:66 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:84 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:87 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:59 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:257 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:310 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Baxter & Stone 1995:112 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:168 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:113 [ref. 23394], Chereshnev 1996:601 [ref. 24659], Mettee et al. 1996:317 [ref. 25836], Simons & Mayden 1997:195 [ref. 24948], Sigler & Sigler 1996:122 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:507 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:155 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:32 [ref. 26594], Skelton 2001:123 [ref. 25125], Ross et al. 2001:250 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:110 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:186 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:281 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:40 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:187 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:315 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill 1818). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Distribution: North America. Habitat: freshwater.

atronasus, Cyprinus Mitchill [S. L.] 1815:460 [Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New-York v. 1 (art. 5) (for 1814); ref. 13292] Walkill River, New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804) -- (Smith 1986:148 [ref. 22186], Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

atropatenae, Alburnus Berg [L. S.] 1925:213 [Ezhegodnik. Zoologicheskogo Muzeya Akademii Nauk SSSR v. 26 (no. 3-4); ref. 15575] Rivers of Lake Urmia, Iran. Syntypes: (46) BMNH 1899.9.30.127 (1), 1899.9.30.128-130 (3); not at ZIN. •Valid as Chalcalburnus atropatenae (Berg 1925) -- (Coad 1995:15 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Coad & Holčík 1999:179 [ref. 25294]). •Valid as Petroleuciscus atropatenae (Berg 1925) -- (Çiçek et al. 2023:400 [ref. 40625]). •Valid as Alburnus atropatenae Berg 1925 -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Freyhof & Kottelat 2007:214 [ref. 29340], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:170 [ref. 30270], Coad 2009:63 [ref. 30710], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2015:41 [ref. 33691], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:863 [ref. 34062], Teimori et al. 2015:90 [ref. 34095], Falahatkar et al. 2015:323 [ref. 35421], Esmaeili et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35254], Mohammadian-Kalat et al. 2017:499 [ref. 35603], Esmaeili et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36089], Kaya 2020:327 [ref. 39101], Mouludi-Saleh et al. 2022:292 [ref. 40333], Çiçek et al. 2024:211 [ref. 40789]). •Synonym of Alburnus ulanus (Günther 1899) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:131 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus atropatenae Berg 1925. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Middle East: Lake Urmia basin (Azarbayjan province, Iran; Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

atropatenus, Rutilus Derjavin [A. N.] 1937:71 [English p. 77], Fig. [Trudy Azerbaidzhanskogo Filiala, Akademii Nauk SSSR, Zoolocicheskij Serija v. 20; ref. 5035] Turianchi [Turianchay] River, tributary of Kura River, Azerbaijan. Syntypes: (30). •Valid as Pseudophoxinus atropatenus (Derjavin 1937) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055]). •Valid as Pseudophoxinus atropatenae -- (Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:243 [ref. 31039]). •Valid as Rutilus atropatenus Derjavin 1937 -- (Berg 1949:536 [ref. 20661], Coad 1995:19 [ref. 23608], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus atropatenus Derjavin 1937. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Azerbaijan. Habitat: freshwater.

attalus, Alburnus Özuluğ [M.] & Freyhof [J.] 2007:235, Figs. 1-3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 18 (no. 3); ref. 29341] River Bakir at Karadere, 39°06.033'N, 27°24.027'E, Turkey. Holotype: ZMB 33733. Paratypes: IUSHM 33700-927 (9), ZMB 33734 (3). Type catalog: Özuluğ & Saç 2018:45 [ref. 35782]. The name attalus is a noun in apposition. •Valid as Alburnus attalus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2007 -- (Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:170 [ref. 30270], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:8 [ref. 36267], Freyhof et al. 2018:130 [ref. 35889], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Bayçelebi et al. 2021:391 [ref. 38419], Çiçek et al. 2023:388 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:212 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus attalus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2007. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Bakır, Gediz and Koca River systems (Aegean Sea tributary), Izmir and Manisa Provinces (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

aula, Squalius Bonaparte [C. L.] 1841:fasc. 30, punt. 157, Pl. 116 (fig. 4) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 512] Venetian Province, Italy. Lectotype: ANSP 6434 (74 mm SL). Paralectotypes: ANSP 6434 (10) and 6435 (1) not this species: Bianco & Ketmaier 2014. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:58 [ref. 19574] but with incorrect authorship and type. Type catalog: Almaça 1969:1118 [ref. 20712], Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621]. Lectotype selected by Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) by Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:384 [ref. 33417]. •Valid as Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:143 [ref. 21914], Bianco 1988:150 [ref. 22383], Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:238 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:38 [ref. 29926], Marić 2010:157 [ref. 31515], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Ćaleta et al. 2015:82 [ref. 34877], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061], Ćaleta et al. 2019:163 [ref. 37026]). •Valid as Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:382 [ref. 33417], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Vucić et al. 2023:[5] 547 [ref. 40466]). Current status: Valid as Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: Adriatic basin (southern Switzerland, northern Italy, Slovenia and Croatia). Habitat: freshwater.

aulidion, Notropis Chernoff [B.] & Miller [R. R.] 1986:177, Figs. 3, 5, 7, 8 [Copeia 1986 (no. 1); ref. 6782] Reservoir, about 25 kilometers east of city of Durango, state of Durango, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 212499. Paratypes: UMMZ 161687 (8, 2 c&s), 179646 (4). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybopsis aulidion (Chernoff & Miller 1986) -- (Miller 2006:127 [ref. 28615]). •Valid as Notropis aulidion Chernoff & Miller 1986 -- (Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:17 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Lyons & Mercado-Silva 2004:873 [ref. 28048], Scharpf 2005:27 [ref. 28940], Domínguez-Domínguez et al. 2009:161 [ref. 30768], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Aztecula aulidion (Chernoff & Miller 1986) -- (Stout et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:166 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Aztecula aulidion (Chernoff & Miller 1986). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Tunal, the upper part of the Río Mezquital, Pacific Slope of Durango (Mexico). IUCN (2019): Extinct. Habitat: freshwater.

aurata, Leuciscus rutilus var. Fatio [V.] 1882:506 [Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse Part 1; ref. 1308] Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Treated by Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952] as infrasubspecific and not available; from Lake Léman, near Rolle, and Rhone River, La Soille, Switzerland. •In the synonymy of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

aurata, Moniana Girard [C. F.] 1856:200 [36] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Pinto Creek, 15-20 miles southeast of Del Rio, Kinney County, Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 2833-34 [ex USNM 118] (2); MCZ 1689 [ex USNM 118] (2); MNHN 0000-0378 [ex USNM 118] (2); USNM 118 (43 + 1 left arch), 125084 [ex USBF 100] (4). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395]. On p. 36 of separate. •Synonym of Notropis proserpinus (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1978:28 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella proserpina (Girard 1856) -- (Mayden 1989:63 [ref. 12555], Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella proserpina (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

auratus, Chondrostomus nasus var. Schäfer [M.] 1844:305 [Moselfauna oder Handbuch der Zoologie; ref. 22979] Moselle River, Trier (Rheinland-Pfalz/Rhineland-Palatinate), Germany. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Original genus should have been Chondrostoma. •Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Elvira 1987:114 [ref. 6743], Kottelat 1997:54 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

auratus, Leuciscus idus var. Bade [E.] 1901:128 [Die mitteleuropäischen Süsswasserfische; ihre Naturgeschichte, Lebensweise und ihr Fang. 2 vols. in 1.; ref. 15934] Treated as infrasubspecific and not available by Kottelat 1997:67 [ref. 22952]. •In the synonymy of Leuciscus idus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:67 [ref. 22952]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Leuciscus idus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

auratus, Leuciscus rutilus var. Yakovlev [V. E.] 1873:334 [Priroda (Moscow) v. 1, book 2, pt 2; ref. 19640] Volga River Delta, Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

auratus, Notemigonus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1819:421 [Journal de Physique, de Chimie et d'Histoire Naturelle v. 88; ref. 3590] Ohio, Kentucky, and Miami rivers, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814) -- (La Rivers 1994:421 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:435 [ref. 24570], Minckley & Marsh 2009:185 [ref. 31114]). •Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814), but a valid subspecies -- (Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940]). Current status: Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ausonii, Alburnus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:437 [Atti della Sesta Riunioni delli Scienziati Italiani, Milano (for 1844); ref. 22968] Not available, name only. •In the synonymy of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

australe, Zophendum Jordan [D. S.] 1880:300 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (no. 94); ref. 2382] Lake Tupataro, Guanajuato, Mexico. Syntypes: USNM 23130-31 (4, 1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Algansea tincella (Valenciennes 1844) -- (Gilbert 1998:46 [ref. 23395], Fricke et al. 2024:166 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Algansea tincella (Valenciennes 1844). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

australis, Extrarius Hubbs [C. L.] & Ortenburger [A. I.] 1929:26 [University of Oklahoma Bulletin, New Series, no. 434, Publications of the University Oklahoma Biological Survey v. 1 (no. 2) (for Apr. 1929); ref. 10902] Red River, 6-9 miles southwest of Hollis, Harmon County, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 80347. Paratypes: AMNH 10105 [ex UMMZ 80349] (2); BMNH 1933.1.24.6-8 [ex UMMZ] (3); MCZ 32694 [ex UMMZ 80349] (1); UMMZ 80348-49 (3, 410), 80376 (37), 80383-84 (43, 1), 80410 (1); UOMZ; USNM 93433 (1), 117528 (10). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:46-47 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Hybopsis aestivalis (Girard 1856) -- (Lee et al. 1980:180 [ref. 22416]). •Synonym of Hybopsis aestivalis (Girard 1856) but possibly valid subspecies or species -- (Robison & Buchanan 1988:182 [ref. 23393]). •Valid as Macrhybopsis australis (Hubbs & Ortenburger 1929) -- (Gilbert 1998:46-47 [ref. 23395], Eisenhour 1999:969 [ref. 24184], Underwood et al. 2003:493 [ref. 27126], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:126 [ref. 27931], Eisenhour 2004:28 [ref. 29854], Scharpf 2005:24 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Gilbert et al. 2017:501 [ref. 35222], Echelle et al. 2018:546 [ref. 35765], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Macrhybopsis australis (Hubbs & Ortenburger 1929). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Red River (southern-central U.S.A.) Habitat: freshwater.

australis, Leuciscus Castelnau [F. L.] 1878:51 [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 3 (pt 1); ref. 762] Norman River, Queensland, Australia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Originally as Leuciscus? australis. Current status: Unknown. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

avia, Algansea monticola Barbour [C. D.] & Miller [R. R.] 1978:10, Fig. 4 [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 155; ref. 7033] Tributary to Río Grande de Santiago, about 4.8 kilometers northeast of highway 15 to Santa María del Oro, Nayarit, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 193378. Paratypes: TU 30816-18 (20, 13, 15); UMMZ 172042 (95), 172047 (45, 4 c&s), 172050 (107), 172112 (136, 6 c&s), 172238 (141, 2 c&s), 172241 (7, 1 c&s), 178311 (471, 5 c&s), 184841 (15), 192167 (1), 192188 (129, 4 c&s). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:31-32 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Algansea avia Barbour & Miller 1978 -- (Barbour & Miller 1994:662 [ref. 21563], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:10 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:10 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:104 [ref. 28615], Pérez-Rodríguez et al. 2009:486 [ref. 30469], Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:165 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Algansea avia Barbour & Miller 1978. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: tributaries of lower Santiago River and headwaters of Chila River, Pacific Slope of Jalisco and Nayarit (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

avola, Alburnus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1846:12 [Atti della Settima Adunanza degli Scienziati Italiani Sesta Riunione, Milano 7a Adunanza, Napoli, Part 2; ref. 519] Italy. Syntypes: ANSP 6066-73 (8). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:69 [ref. 13621]. Appeared first without distinguishing features in Bonaparte 1844:437 [ref. 22968] and with minimal characterization as above. Appeared in more detail in Bonaparte 1846:33 [ref. 519]. •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

awhasicum, Chondrostoma Kamensky [S. N.] 1901:83 [German p. 177] [Die Cypriniden der Kaukasusländer und ihrer angrenzenden Meere. 2.; ref. 14761] River Mokva near Sukhum-kale, Georgia, Eurasia. Holotype (unique): ?ZMT (not at ZIN). Spelled awchasicum on p. 175. •Synonym of Chondrostoma colchicum Derjugin 1899 -- (Elvira 1987:118 [ref. 6743], Bogutskaya 1997:169 [ref. 23566], Bogutskaya 1998:60 [ref. 23589], Çiçek et al. 2024:226 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Chondrostoma colchicum Derjugin 1899. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

aztecus, Notropis Woolman [A. J.] 1894:63, Pl. 2 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 14 (art. 8) (for 1894); ref. 4804] Canal around Mexico City, D. F., Mexico. Lectotype: USNM 45569. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1894.1.27.58-61 (4); CAS 47420 [ex IU 4851] (3); CAS-SU 644 (now 11); FMNH 6604 (11); USNM 47505 (1), 125172 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:34 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:28 [ref. 7042], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:60 [ref. 12367], Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 45, p. 3240 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446]. •Synonym of Notropis sallaei (Günther 1868) -- (Gilbert 1978:28 [ref. 7042] as sallei, Chernoff & Miller 1981:30 [ref. 20981] as sallei). •Synonym of Aztecula sallei (Günther 1868) -- (Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Aztecula sallaei (Günther 1868) -- (Fricke et al. 2024:167 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Aztecula sallaei (Günther 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

badius, Rhinichthys Garman [S.] 1881:60 [Science Observer v. 3 (no. 8); ref. 17890] Branch of the Clinch River, Tennessee [not North Carolina], U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 24952 (orig. 4,now 3); UMMZ 86975 [ex MCZ 24952] (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804), subspecies obtusus Agassiz 1854 -- (Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

baicalensis, Squalidus Dybowski [B. N.] 1874:388, Pl. 5 (fig. 1) [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 24 (no. 3-4); ref. 1172] Rivers of the Baikal Lake system, Russia. Syntypes: ZMB 7941 (1). For remarks on systematics see Kottelat 2006:37-38 [ref. 28831]. •Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:68 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Squalidus baicalensis Dybowski 1874 -- (Luo in Chen et al. 1998:69 [ref. 23878]). •Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Berg 1949:546 [ref. 20661], Yang & Hwang 1964:31 [ref. 13497], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:80 [ref. 37731], Zhu 1995:31 [ref. 25213], Chereshnev 1996:600 [ref. 24659] as baikalensis, Reshetnikov et al. 1997:738 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:64 [ref. 23589], Koch & Paepke 1998:162 [ref. 23652], Mitrofanov 2000:42 [ref. 25139], Chereshnev et al. 2001:42 [ref. 26736], Sideleva 2001:50 [ref. 26181], Sideleva 2003:8 [ref. 27815], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:85 [ref. 28183], Parin et al. 2014:83 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Leuciscus baicalensis (Dybowski 1874) -- (Kottelat 2006:37 [ref. 28831], Ocock et al. 2006:38 [ref. 28933], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:208 [ref. 29996], Zhang et al. 2016:53 [ref. 34477], Romanov et al. 2017:821 [ref. 35687], Dyldin et al. 2023:[32] [ref. 40328]). Current status: Valid as Leuciscus baicalensis (Dybowski 1874). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: North Asia: Lake Baikal basin (Russia); ?China. IUCN (2020): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

baileyi, Notropis Suttkus [R. D.] & Raney [E. C.] 1955:71, Figs. 1-2 [Tulane Studies in Zoology v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 12529] Sawacklahatchee Creek, 1.7 miles west of Society Hill on U.S. highway 80, Macon County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: CUMV 28224. Paratypes: CUMV 16020 (66); TU 2637 (29), 2965 (4), 3066 (41), 3195 (4), 3430 (75), 97110 [ex CUMV 16020] (66); UMMZ 105526 (2), 105554 (73), 124018 (1), 124094 (41), 124117 (45), 146517 (5), 146533 (16), 146544 (97); USNM 163568 (1). Additional material: CUMV (11 lots, 155); TU (8 lots, 83); UMMZ (7 lots, 394). Type catalog: Suttkus 1970:118 [ref. 20861], Gilbert 1978:28 [ref. 7042], Bart & Taylor 1993:37-38 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis baileyi Suttkus & Raney 1955 -- (Gilbert 1978:28 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:235 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:140 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:54 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:239 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:103 [ref. 25838], Ross et al. 2001:192 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:230 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:27 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:267 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:102 [ref. 35886]). •Valid as Alburnops baileyi (Suttkus & Raney 1955) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Alburnops baileyi (Suttkus & Raney 1955). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia and Florida (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

bairdi, Notropis Hubbs [C. L.] & Ortenburger [A. I.] 1929:29 [University of Oklahoma Bulletin, New Series, no. 434, Publications of the University Oklahoma Biological Survey v. 1 (no. 2) (for Apr. 1929); ref. 10902] Red River, 6-9 miles southwest of Hollis, Harmon County, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 80346. Paratypes: (numerous) BMNH 1933.1.24.3-5 (3); MCZ 36084 (5); UF 14599 [ex UMMZ 80387] (8); UOMZ 6183 (ca. 140), 6197 (3), 6212 (1), 6284 (ca. 100), 6295 (ca. 100), 6350 (ca. 1300); UMMZ 73031 (9), 80344 (1), 80345 (now 574 or 577), 80368 (118), 80378 (now 929), 80387 (now 94), 80402 (3), 80409 (1); USNM 93428 [ex UMMZ 80345] (1), 117560 (10), 163279 (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1974:111 [ref. 21035], Gilbert 1978:28-29 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Alburnops bairdi Hubbs & Ortenburger 1929 -- (Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Notropis bairdi Hubbs & Ortenburger 1929 -- (Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:236 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:201 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:140 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:104 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:138 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:27 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:266 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Notropis bairdi Hubbs & Ortenburger 1929. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas (eastern-central U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

balchaschana, Phoxinus laevis var. Kessler [K. F.] 1879:283 [Bulletin de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg v. 25; ref. 2598] Ajagus [Ayaguz] River near Sergiopol [Ayaguz], Lake Balkhash basin, Kazakhstan. Syntypes: (90+) ZIN 4149-50 (6+, 6+). Also appeared in Kessler 1879:234 [ref. 14266]. •Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:74 [ref. 22952]). •Questionably a synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 2006:88 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Habitat: freshwater.

baldneri, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:262, Pl. 497 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Lake Geneva at Geneva, Switzerland. Syntypes: MNHN 1969 (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:79 [ref. 19574]. •Synonym of Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782) -- (Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:56 [ref. 23589]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

baliki, Alburnus Bogutskaya [N. G.], Küçük [F.] & Ünlü [E.] 2000:57, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 11 (no. 1); ref. 24445] Manavgat Reservoir, Manavgat River, Antalya, Turkey. Holotype: DUM 63. Paratypes: DUM 64a (4), 64b (2); ZIN 51711-12 (1, 1); ZMH 9079 (3). •Valid as Alburnus baliki Bogutskaya, Küçük & Ünlü 2000 -- (Turan et al. 2006:153 [ref. 28700], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:311 [ref. 29389], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:170 [ref. 30270], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36267], Freyhof & Turan 2019:380 [ref. 36535], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:388 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:212 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus baliki Bogutskaya, Küçük & Ünlü 2000. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Manavgat River (Mediterranean tributary), Antalya Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

balleropsis, Abramis Agassiz [L.] 1835:39 [Mémoires de la Société Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles v. 1; ref. 22] Name only, not available. •In the synonymy of Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952]). •In the synonymy of Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

ballerus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:326 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Lakes of Sweden. No types known. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:21 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Spelled balerus by Bloch & Schneider 1801:437 [ref. 471]. •Valid as Abramis ballerus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:785 [ref. 20661], Lelek 1987:136 [ref. 22962], Mitrofanov et al. 1988:172 [ref. 37734], Kottelat 1997:42 [ref. 22952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:734 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:54 [ref. 23589], Fricke 1999:20 [ref. 24101], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Hanel 2003:52 [ref. 27894], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:166 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:248 [ref. 28804], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Parin et al. 2014:63 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Ballerus ballerus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:76 [ref. 28183], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:179 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Ćaleta et al. 2019:157 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Dyldin et al. 2023:[30] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348]). Current status: Valid as Ballerus ballerus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Europe to western Asia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

balteatus, Cyprinus (Abramis) Richardson [J.] (ex Gairdner) 1836:301 [Fauna Boreali-Americana Part 3; ref. 3731] Columbia River (or tributary thereof), British Columbia, Canada or Washington, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Richardsonius balteatus (Richardson 1836) -- (Lee et al. 1980:358 [ref. 22416], McAllister 1990:66 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:71 [ref. 18983], Gold 1994:815 [ref. 22426], La Rivers 1994:403 [ref. 23389], Baxter & Stone 1995:110 [ref. 23374], Andersen & Deacon 1996:124 [ref. 24717], Sigler & Sigler 1996:119 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:47 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:503 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:149 [ref. 25838], Broughton 2000:651 [ref. 24593], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:140 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:40 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, McPhail 2007:150 [ref. 31199], Minckley & Marsh 2009:187 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:164 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Richardsonius balteatus (Richardson 1836). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Western North America: western Canada and western U.S.A. Introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

barbata, Algansea Álvarez [J.] & Cortés [M. T.] 1964:104, Fig. 1 [Ciencia (Mexico City) v. 23 (no. 3); ref. 16705] Río Lerma at Lerma, state of México, Mexico. Holotype: CJA. Paratypes: (16) UMMZ 182347 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:47-48 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Algansea barbata Álvarez & Cortés 1964 -- (Barbour & Miller 1994:663 [ref. 21563], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:10 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:48 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:10 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:105 [ref. 28615], Pérez-Rodríguez et al. 2009:488 [ref. 30469], Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:165 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Algansea barbata Álvarez & Cortés 1964. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Lerma near Lerma, Toluca Valley, Pacific Slope of México State (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

basak, Leucos Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1006 [48], Pl. 1 [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Croatia. Lectotype: NMW 50723-1. Syntypes: NMW 50723 (1), 50725 (2). Appeared also in Kner 1843:1038 (48 of separate) [ref. 2066] as name only with locality, not available. Plate is of pharyngeal teeth. Appeared in more detail and usually dated to Heckel in Heckel & Kner 1858:111, Fig. 88 [ref. 2078]. Lectotype selected by Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:386 [ref. 33417]. •Valid as Rutilus basak (Heckel 1843) -- (Bianco & Taraborelli 1985:149 [ref. 21914], Maric 1988:58 [ref. 20058], Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:239 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:39 [ref. 29926], Marić 2010:153 [ref. 31525], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Ćaleta et al. 2015:82 [ref. 34877], Levin et al. 2017:39 [ref. 35061], Ćaleta et al. 2019:163 [ref. 37026]). •Valid as Leucos basak Heckel 1843 -- (Bianco & Ketmaier 2014:384 [ref. 33417]). Current status: Valid as Leucos basak Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Neretva River drainage, (Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina). Habitat: freshwater.

battalgilae, Alburnus Özuluğ [M.] & Freyhof [J.] 2007:238, Figs. 4-6 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 18 (no. 3); ref. 29341] Lake Gölmarmara at outlet, 38°35.437'N, 28°02.965'E, Turkey. Holotype: ZMB 33735. Paratypes: IUSHM 33600-926 (5), ZMB 33736 (8). Plus non-type material. Type catalog: Özuluğ & Saç 2018:46 [ref. 35782]. •Possible synonym of Alburnus attalus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2007 -- (Freyhof et al. 2018:130 [ref. 35889]). •Valid as Alburnus battalgilae Özuluğ & Freyhof 2007 -- (Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644]). •Synonym of Alburnus attalus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2007 -- (Bayçelebi et al. 2021:391 [ref. 38419]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus attalus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2007. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

battalgili, Pseudophoxinus Bogutskaya [N. G.] 1997:175 [Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut v. 94; ref. 23566] Central Anatolia, Beysehir Lake basin, Konya endorheic basin, Turkey. Holotype: AMH 8861. Paratypes: ZMH 1080 (2), 2701 (3), 6634 (3). Named for a women so emended to battalgilae in Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055], now in use. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus battalgili Bogutskaya 1997 -- (Hrbek et al. 2004:305 [ref. 27955], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2006:258 [ref. 28846], Küçük 2007:7 [ref. 29115], Fricke et al. 2007:44 [ref. 29533]). •Valid as Pseudophoxinus battalgilae Bogutskaya 1997 -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:317 [ref. 30686], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:243 [ref. 31039], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Küçük et al. 2013:39 [ref. 32816], Ekmekçi et al. 2015:127 [ref. 34001], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Küçük et al. 2016:287 [ref. 34910], Çiçek et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36267], Bayçelebi et al. 2020:141 [ref. 37381], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:402 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Çiçek et al. 2024:240 [ref. 40789], Küçük et al. 2024:19 [ref. 41102]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophoxinus battalgilae Bogutskaya 1997. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Beyşehir Gölü and Beyşehir Gölü tributaries, and Gödet stream, Isparta and Konya provinces (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

bearnensis, Squalius Blanchard [C. E.] 1866:400, Fig. 95 [Les poissons des eaux douces de la France; ref. 310] Lake Mariscot, near Biarritz, France. Lectotype: MNHN A-2265. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-2587 [ex MNHN A-2265] (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:63 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1120 [ref. 20712]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1120 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Lelek 1987:207 [ref. 22962]). •Synonym of Leuciscus burdigalensis Valenciennes 1844 -- (Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Leuciscus bearnensis (Blanchard 1866) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:205 [ref. 29996]). Current status: Valid as Leuciscus bearnensis (Blanchard 1866). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Adour drainage, France. Habitat: freshwater.

beckwithi, Cyprinella Girard [C. F.] 1856:197 [33] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Sluices of Arkansas River near Fort Makee, Kansas, U.S.A. Syntypes: (9) ANSP 3053 (1, missing), MCZ 1801 (1), MNHN 0000-0374 (1, lost), USNM 135 (orig. 7, now 0, 3 pharyngeal arches as # 2714). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:48 [ref. 23395]. On p. 33 of separate. •Synonym of Notropis lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Mayden 1989:49 [ref. 12555], Gilbert 1998:48 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

belimiauensis, Phoxinus grumi Rendahl [H.] 1933:49 [Arkiv för Zoologi v. 25 A (pt. 2) (no. 11); ref. 3704] Beli Miau, Mongolia. Syntypes: NRM 10199 (3). Current status: Uncertain. Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Habitat: freshwater.

bellicus, Nocomis Girard [C. F.] 1856:213 [49] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Black Warrior River, near Eutaw, Green County, Alabama, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 25 (orig. 3, now 0, plus 4 pharyngeal arches). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:48 [ref. 23395]. On p. 49 of separate. •Synonym of Nocomis leptocephalus (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Lee et al. 1980:213 [ref. 22416], Stauffer et al. 1995:111 [ref. 23376], Gilbert 1998:48 [ref. 23395], Ross et al. 2001:184 [ref. 25978], Scharpf 2005:25 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:194 [ref. 31215], Robins et al. 2018:98 [ref. 35886] with 3 subspecies). Current status: Synonym of Nocomis leptocephalus (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southeastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

bellus, Minnilus Hay [O. P.] 1881:510 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 179); ref. 2053] Cataba Creek and tributaries, Artesia, Lowndes County, Mississippi, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 27426. Paralectotypes: (35) CAS-SU 756 (6), 2526 (1); USNM 203332 [ex USNM 27426] (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:34 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:48 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Snelson 1972:20 [ref. 12386]. •Valid as Notropis bellus (Hay 1881) -- (Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:237 [ref. 22416], Stein et al. 1985:154 [ref. 22486]). •Valid as Lythrurus bellus (Hay 1881) -- (Page & Burr 1991:117 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:51 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:211 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:48 [ref. 23395], Ross et al. 2001:166 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:200 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:23 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:229 [ref. 31215] with 2 subspecies, Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lythrurus bellus (Hay 1881). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

belvica, Alburnus alburnus Karaman [S.] 1924:50 [Pisces Macedoniae; ref. 15902] Lake Prespa, Republic of Macedonia. Syntypes: (4) IEBMT. •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Costa 1838), but a questionable subspecies -- (Lelek 1987:142 [ref. 22962]). •Valid as Chalcalburnus belvica (Karaman 1924) -- (Kottelat 1997:53 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Alburnus belvica Karaman 1924 -- (Freyhof & Kottelat 2007:214 [ref. 29340], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:165 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:170 [ref. 30270], Buj et al. 2010:131 [ref. 30888], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:43 [ref. 35029], Shumka et al. 2023:36 [ref. 40747]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus belvica Karaman 1924. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Lake Prespa and its tributaries (Greece, Macedonia and Albania). Habitat: freshwater.

beoticus, Rutilus Stephanidis [A.] 1939:49, 57, Pl. 2 [Deltion Fysskon Bpistimon 5 (50-51); ref. 23005] Lake Yliki, Greece. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus beoticus (Stephanidis 1939) -- (Economidis 1995:205 [ref. 23025], Kottelat 1997:75 [ref. 22952]). •See Ketmaier et al. 1998:47 [ref. 23809]. •Valid as Telestes beoticus (Stephanidis 1939) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:282 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:68 [ref. 35029]). Current status: Valid as Telestes beoticus (Stephanidis 1939). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Kiffisos and Assopos River drainages, Greece. Habitat: freshwater.

berak, Squalius Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1078 [88] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Aleppo, Syria. Syntypes: NMW 48915 (6), SMF 469 [ex NMW] (3). Illustrated by Heckel 1843, Pl. 10 (fig. 1) [ref. 2067]. On p. 88 of separate [ref. 2067]. Appeared as name only and spelled Berag on p. 1041 [51]. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Coad 1991:18 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:19 [ref. 23608], Bogutskaya 1997:172 [ref. 23566], Fricke et al. 2007:41 [ref. 29533]). •Valid as Squalius berak Heckel 1843 -- (Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975], Turan et al. 2009:60 [ref. 30540], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011:108 [ref. 31360], Turan et al. 2013:322 [ref. 32584], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Khaefi et al. 2016:155 [ref. 34748], Esmaeili et al. 2016:119 [ref. 34985], Turan et al. 2017:2 [ref. 35136], Esmaeili et al. 2017:58 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:38 [ref. 36089], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:147 [ref. 37983], Turan 2022:339 [ref. 39758], Çiçek et al. 2023:22 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:410 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:32 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:255 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius berak Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Euphrates and Tigris River basin (Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

bergi, Abramis brama Grib [A. V.] & Vernidub [M. F.] 1935:112 [Uchenye Zapiski Leningradskogo Universiteta No. 1; ref. 21760] Aral Sea at Muinsak; Lake Yaskhan in Uzboi. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Abramis sapa bergi Belyaeff 1930, replaced by Abramis brama orientalis Berg 1949. •Synonym of Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758), subspecies orientalis Berg 1949 -- (Sideleva 2003:10 [ref. 27815]). •Synonym of Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:43 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:162 [ref. 23566], Kottelat 2006:87 [ref. 28831]). •Synonym of Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid supspecies as described [but a preoccupied name] -- (Coad 1995:9 [ref. 23608]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bergi, Abramis sapa Belyaeff [W. N.] 1929:87 [English p. 97] [Bulletins of the Ichthyological Laboratory of Baku. v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 16066] Kura River, southern Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan. Syntypes: (187). •Synonym of Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:783 [ref. 20661], see Coad 1981:8 [ref. 22348], Coad 1995:9 [ref. 23608], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:734 [ref. 24702]). •Synonym of Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952], Esmaeili et al. 2010:366 [ref. 33391]). •Synonym of Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Esmaeili et al. 2017:36 [ref. 35254], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:133 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:224 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bergi, Leuciscus Kashkarov [D.] 1925:57, Pl. 4 [Transactions of the Scientific Society of Turkestan at Middle Asiatic University v. 2; ref. 16432] Issyk-kul Lake, Kyrgyzstan. Syntypes: (10) ZIN (2, not found in 1996). •Valid as Leuciscus bergi Kashkarov 1925 -- (Berg 1949:553 [ref. 20661]). Current status: Valid as Leuciscus bergi Kashkarov 1925. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Kyrgyzstan. Habitat: freshwater.

bergi, Pseudaspius Jordan [D. S.] & Metz [C. W.] 1913:22, Pl. 3 (fig. 2) [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 6 (no. 1); ref. 2490] Namp'o [Chinnampo], Korea. Holotype: FMNH 55800 [ex CM 4563]. Paratypes: CAS-SU 22393 (3, not 1 as published), FMNH 55801 (2). Type catalog: Henn 1928:72 [ref. 12305], Böhlke 1953:36 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:70 [ref. 12367]. •Synonym of Lagowskiella lagowskii (Dybowski 1869) -- (Howes 1985:62 [ref. 5274]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant 1874) -- (Kim 1997:555 [ref. 24032], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:665 [ref. 34853] with question). •Synonym of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski 1869 -- (Berg 1949:583 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:19 [ref. 22798], Bogutskaya 1998:67 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris lagowskii (Dybowski 1869). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchocypris lagowskii (Dybowski 1869). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

bergi, Vimba vimba Velikokhatko [F. D.] 1940:273 [Izvestija Akademii Nauk SSSR = Bulletin de l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS = Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Serija biologiceskaja. 1940; ref. 13226] Bug River as far as Aleksandrovskaya Hydroelectric station, Ukraine. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Lelek 1987:243 [ref. 22962]). •Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:795 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:86 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Abramus vimba (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Parin et al. 2014:65 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

beysehirense, Chondrostoma Bogutskaya [N. G.] 1997:153, Fig. 1 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 8 (no. 2); ref. 23277] Beysehir Lake, central Anatolia, Turkey. Holotype: ZMH 8812. Paratypes: ZMH 1145 (2), 6636 (3). •Valid as Chondrostoma beysehirense Bogutskaya 1997 -- (Bogutskaya 1997:169 [ref. 23566], Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Fricke et al. 2007:37 [ref. 29533], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Küçük et al. 2017:802 [ref. 35091], Çiçek et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36267], Bayçelebi et al. 2020:139 [ref. 37381], Çiçek et al. 2020:251 [ref. 37644], Çiftci et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37725], Küçük et al. 2021:246 [ref. 38611], Çiçek et al. 2023:395 [ref. 40625], Küçük et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39929], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Çiçek et al. 2024:226 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Chondrostoma beysehirense Bogutskaya 1997. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Beyşehir Gölü and Beyşehir Gölü tributaries, Isparta and Konya provinces (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

bicolor, Algansea Girard [C. F.] 1856:183 [19] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Klamath Lake, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 192 (plus 1 pharyngeal arch as # 2750). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:48 [ref. 23395]. On p. 19 of separate. •Valid as Gila bicolor (Girard 1856) -- (Lee et al. 1980:161 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:77 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:48-49 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:73 [ref. 25838], Moyle 2002:122 [ref. 26449], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:127 [ref. 27816]). •Valid as Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856) -- (La Rivers 1994:410 [ref. 23389], Scharpf 2005:41 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, Page & Burr 2011:172 [ref. 31215] with subspecies, Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2017:458 [ref. 35584], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:179 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: Western U.S.A.: Oregon and California [subspecies bicolor]. Introduced in Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

bicolor, Tigoma Girard [C. F.] 1856:206 [42] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Klamath Lake, Oregon, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 234 (3, plus one pair pharyngeal arches as # 2788). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395]. Jordan & Evermann 1896:232 [ref. 2443] qualify as first revisers, selecting Tigoma bicolor over Cheonda coerulea (see Bailey & Uyeno 1964:238 [ref. 23390]). Bailey & Uyeno 1964:238 [ref. 23390] serve as first revisers selecting Algansea bicolor over Tigoma bicolor only when both are in Gila; therefore, Cheonda coerulea was reinstated. As this name was used as valid for more than 50 years, it is now retained even when in Klamathella for the sake of stability. •Synonym of Gila coerulea (Girard 1856) -- (Bailey & Uyeno 1964:239 [ref. 23390], Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807]). Current status: Synonym of Gila coerulea (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bierkna, Cyprinus Bonnaterre [J. P.] 1788:202 [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Bonnaterre 1788 referred to "Linn. s. n. 532." •Not available; an incorrect subsequent spelling of Cyprinus bjoerkna Linnaeus 1758. Misspelling. Current status: Synonym of Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

bifrenatus, Hybopsis Cope [E. D.] 1867:384 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 13); ref. 910] Mouth of a stream which flows into the Schuylkill River at Conshohocken, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Syntypes: (about 100) apparently lost. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis bifrenatus (Cope 1867) -- (Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:238 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:186 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:60 [ref. 14674], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:354 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:158 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:433 [ref. 21581], Murdy et al. 1997:89 [ref. 23144], Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:444 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:104 [ref. 25838], Holm et al. 2002:614 [ref. 26241] dated 1869, Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:27 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:292 [ref. 31215], Kilian et al. 2011: 236 [ref. 31604], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738] as 'Notropis' bifrenatus, Page et al. 2023:74 [ref. 40505], Starnes et al. 2025:2 [ref. 41969]). Current status: Valid as Notropis bifrenatus (Cope 1867). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America. Habitat: freshwater.

bigerri, Phoxinus Kottelat [M.] 2007:146, Fig. 2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 18 (no. 2); ref. 29201] River Adour in Tarbes (Séméac), 43°13'39"N, 0°05'27"E, Dépt. Hautes-Pyrénées, France. Holotype: MNHN 2006-1703. Paratypes: CMK 17575 (6), 17589 (5); MNHN 2006-1704 (4). Plus non-type specimens. •Valid as Phoxinus bigerri Kottelat 2007 -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:225 [ref. 29996], Palandačić et al. 2017:3 [ref. 35519], Denys et al. 2020:211 [ref. 37846], Palandačić et al. 2022:[4] [ref. 39189]). Current status: Valid as Phoxinus bigerri Kottelat 2007. Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Adour, Leyre and Ebro basins, France and Spain; introduced in the Aude and Garonne River drainages, France, and to Galicia and Duero River basin in Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

biguttata, Cochlognathus Cope [E. D.] 1880:37 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 17; ref. 14285] Trinity River at Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 23007-23 (17), 23024-26 (now 0), USNM 118114 [ex ANSP 23024-26] (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Pimephales vigilax (Baird & Girard 1853), subspecies perspicuus (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Pimephales vigilax (Baird & Girard 1853). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

biguttatus, Semotilus Kirtland [J. P.] 1840:344, Pl. 5 (fig. 1) [Boston Journal of Natural History v. 3 (nos 3-4) (art. 10, 17); ref. 18404] Yellow Creek, tributary of the Mahoning River, Upper Ohio River basin, Ohio, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Nocomis biguttatus (Kirtland 1840) -- (Lee et al. 1980:211 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:142 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:195 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:60 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:85 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:90 [ref. 18983], Baxter & Stone 1995:86 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:108 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:79 [ref. 23394], Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:427 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:97 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:25 [ref. 26594], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:83 [ref. 27882], Scharpf 2005:25 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:190 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Nocomis biguttatus (Kirtland 1840). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: southeastern Canada and U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

billingsiana, Cyprinella Cope [E. D.] 1871:439 [Preliminary report of the United States Geological Survey of Wyoming and portions of contiguous territories. Part 4 (art. 8); ref. 19655] Missouri River at St. Joseph, Buchanan County, Missouri, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 2952. Paralectotypes: ANSP 2953-91 (39). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621] as holotype and paratypes, Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Fowler 1910:280 [ref. 19840]. •Synonym of Notropis lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Gilbert 1978:29 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Mayden 1989:50 [ref. 12555], Gilbert 1998:49 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bioerkna, Cyprinus Retzius [A. J.] 1800:360 [Faunae Suecicae a Carolo A Linné; ref. 18622] Originally as biörkna. Not available; apparently an incorrect subsequent spelling of Cyprinus bjoerkna Linnaeus 1758. Misspelling. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

bipinnata, Abramis sapa var. Lukasch [B. S.] 1933:68, Fig. 15 [Trudy Vyatskogo Nauch.-issl. Inst. Kraev. No. 6; ref. 18459] Lower Vyatka River, Russia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Current status: Unknown. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bipunctatus, Cyprinus Bloch [M. E.] 1782:50, Pl. 8 (fig. 1) [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 1; ref. 19643] Weser River near Minden, Germany. Holotype (unique): ZMB 3357. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:71 [ref. 24282]. On p. 43 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 1 [ref. 21381]. •Valid as Leuciscus bipunctatus (Bloch 1782) -- (Herrera 1896:20 [ref. 39336] with authors as Cuvier & Valenciennes). •Valid as Alburnus bipunctatus (Bloch 1782) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178]). •Valid as Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782) -- (Berg 1949:756 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:8 [ref. 22348], Lelek 1987:147 [ref. 22962], Coad 1991:13 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:10 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297] as cf. bipunctatus, Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:163 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:734 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:56 [ref. 23589], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Coad & Abdoli 2000:56 [ref. 25296], Gabrielyan 2001:26 [ref. 25867], Ruchin et al. 2003:423 [ref. 26977], Hanel 2003:51 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:77 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:166 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:238 [ref. 28804], Fricke et al. 2007:29 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:159 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251], Coad & Bogutskaya 2009:67 [ref. 30264], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:169 [ref. 30270], Bogutskaya et al. 2010:449 [ref. 31109], Coad 2010:93 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Coad & Bogutskaya 2012:43 [ref. 32156], Turan et al. 2014:101 [ref. 33119], Parin et al. 2014:66 [ref. 33547], Barbieri et al. 2015:42 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016:176 [ref. 34375], Bektaş et al. 2019:[9] [ref. 36964], Ćaleta et al. 2019:156 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Çiçek et al. 2023:53 [ref. 40326], Dyldin et al. 2023:[27] [ref. 40328] with question, Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348]). Current status: Valid as Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Europe and western Asia. Introduced in Italy. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

bivittatus, Hybopsis Cope [E. D.] 1872:474 [U. S. Geological Survey Territitories Annual Report v. 5 (pt 4); ref. 923] Warm Springs, Utah, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:49-50 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Gila atraria (Girard 1856) -- (La Rivers 1994:395 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:49-50 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Gila atraria (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bjoerkna, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:326 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 54°05'N, 13°23'E, Germany. Neotype: SMNS 12668. Spelled björkna in Gmelin 1789:1438 [ref. 18139]. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:21 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. •Valid as Abramis bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:42 [ref. 22952], Fricke 1999:21 [ref. 24101], Hanel & Lusk 2005:241 [ref. 28804], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:27 [ref. 29533], Parin et al. 2014:63 [ref. 33547]). •Valid as Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:763 [ref. 20661], Lelek 1987:165 [ref. 22962], Mitrofanov et al. 1988:123 [ref. 37734], Coad 1995:13 [ref. 23608], Chereshnev 1996:599 [ref. 24659], Bogutskaya 1997:168 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:735 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:58 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Tadajewska 1998:144 [ref. 24941], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Gabrielyan 2001:26 [ref. 25867], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:200 [ref. 26728], Hanel 2003:52 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:76 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:167 [ref. 28369], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:180 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:867 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:17 [ref. 36089], Ćaleta et al. 2019:158 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Çiçek et al. 2020:251 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:133 [ref. 37983], Kaya et al. 2020:336 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Çiçek et al. 2023:394 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[30] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Çiçek et al. 2024:225 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Europe and Caspian Sea basin. Introduced in Italy. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

blairi, Notropis lutrensis Hubbs [C. L.] 1940:6 [Transactions of the Texas Academy of Sciencs v. 23 (1938-1939); ref. 10707] Monument Spring, tributary to Peña Colorado Creek, 12-13 miles south-southwest of Marathon, Texas, U.S.A., elevation 3700 feet. Holotype: UMMZ 104170. Paratypes: BU uncat. [ex UMMZ 127335] (3); UMMZ 104171 (15), 120330 (10), 127335 (22) Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:29-30 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Gilbert 1978:30 [ref. 7042]). •Now extinct, sometimes recognized as a valid subspecies. •Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Matthews 1987:616 [ref. 6774], Mayden 1989:50 [ref. 12555], Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) but a valid extinct subspecies -- (Scharpf 2005:13 [ref. 28940]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

blennius, Alburnops Girard [C. F.] 1856:194 [30] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Arkansas River, near Fort Smith, Sebastian County, Arkansas, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 67. Paralectotypes: (18) ANSP 3030 (1); BMNH 1883.12.14.213 (1); MCZ 1784 [ex USNM 67] (1); USNM 64 (1 pair pharyngeal arches), 171791 [ex USNM 67] (5). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:30 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395]. On p. 30 of separate. Lectotype selected by Suttkus 1958:308 [ref. 21233]. •Valid as Notropis blennius (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1978:30 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:239 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:202 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:62 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:138 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:211 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Stauffer et al. 1995:123 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:86 [ref. 23394], Chereshnev 1996:600 [ref. 24659] as blennis, Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:446 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:105 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:26 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:194 [ref. 25978], Houston 2002:608 [ref. 26242], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:140 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:264 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Alburnops blennius Girard 1856 -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Alburnops blennius Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Canada and U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

blicca, Cyprinus Bloch [M. E.] 1782:65, Pl. 10 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 1; ref. 19643] Germany. No types known. On p. 56 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 1 [ref. 21381]. Name available from plate. •Synonym of Abramis bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:42 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:763 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya 1997:168 [ref. 23566], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:867 [ref. 34062], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:133 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

blockii, Cyprinus Nau [B. S.] 1787:91 [Oekonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische in der Gegend um Mainz; ref. 18473] No types known. •Apparently the same as Cyprinus blockii Nau 1791 which is an unneeded new name for and objective synonym of Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782) according to Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952]. Current status: Synonym of Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch 1782). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

bocagrande, Notropis Chernoff [B.] & Miller [R. R.] 1982:514, Figs. 2-3 [Copeia 1982 (no. 3); ref. 8493] Ojo Solo, about 39 kilometers west of Villa Ahumada, Chihuahua, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 208249. Paratypes: UMMZ 208250 (28, now 27, 2 c&s), 208265 (5); USNM 226900 (4). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Cyprinella bocagrande (Chernoff & Miller 1982) -- (Mayden 1989:57 [ref. 12555], Mayden & Hillis 1990:1005 [ref. 19122], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:11 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:12 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:110 [ref. 28615], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:169 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella bocagrande (Chernoff & Miller 1982). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Ojo Solo, about 39 kilometers west of Villa Ahumada, Chihuahua State (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

bogdanowi, Acanthobrama Kessler [K. F.] 1877:166 [The Aralo-Caspian Expedition; ref. 2597] Lower Amu Darya River, Uzbekistan. Syntypes: (many) ?NMW 55337 (1), ZIN 19025 (1). Sometimes spelled bogdanovi. •Synonym of Capoetobrama kuschakewitschi (Kessler 1872) -- (Berg 1949:799 [ref. 20661]). Current status: Synonym of Capoetobrama kuschakewitschi (Kessler 1872). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bollmani, Opsopoeodus Gilbert [C. H.] 1891:226 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 8 [1888]; ref. 14500] Lagoon at Buckhead Creek, 1 mile southwest of Millen, Jenkins County, Georgia, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 61570 (1 of 4). Paralectotypes: (should be 4) USNM 61570 (3 of 4), 125142 [ex USBF 77] (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 44, p. 3240 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446] if figured specimen is identifiable. •Synonym of Notropis maculatus (Hay 1881) -- (Gilbert 1978:30 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Notropis maculatus (Hay 1881). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bolmensis, Leuciscus rutilus forma Malm [A. W.] 1877:560 [ ref. 2881] Lake Bolmen, Småland, Sweden. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

boops, Notropis Gilbert [C. H.] 1884:201 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 423); ref. 1622] Salt Creek, Brown County, Indiana, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 34982. Paralectotypes: (10 + 30, minus 1) CAS-SU 3794 (20), MCZ 35961 [ex USNM 34982] (1), USNM 232410 (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:30 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Burr & Dimmick 1983:52 [ref. 22235]. •Valid as Notropis boops Gilbert 1884 -- (Gilbert 1978:30 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:240 [ref. 22416], Burr & Dimmick 1983 [ref. 22235], Robison & Buchanan 1988:203 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:146 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:54 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:213 [ref. 22809], Stauffer et al. 1995:124 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:87 [ref. 23394], Burr et al. 1996:169 [ref. 41506], Mettee et al. 1996:241 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:50 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:105 [ref. 25838], Ross et al. 2001:196 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:142 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:232 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:276 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Miniellus boops Gilbert 1884 -- (Stout et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Miniellus boops Gilbert 1884. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

boraxobius, Gila Williams [J. E.] & Bond [C. E.] 1980:292, Fig. 1 [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 93 (no. 2); ref. 8645] Borax Lake, Harney County, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 203329. Paratypes: OS 4137 (12), 4138 (orig. 182, now 174); TU 116232 [ex OS 4138] (8); UMMZ 203330 (114, now 107). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:33 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Gila boraxobius Williams & Bond 1980 -- (Page & Burr 1991:78 [ref. 18983], Williams 1995:294 [ref. 22140], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:18 [ref. 28940]). •Valid as Siphateles boraxobius (Williams & Bond 1980) -- (Page & Burr 2011:173 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Siphateles boraxobius (Williams & Bond 1980). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: Oregon (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

borealis, Opsopoeodus Harper [F.] & Nichols [J. T.] 1919:266, Pl. 15 (fig. 2) [Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History v. 41 (art. 2); ref. 15213] Lake Athabaska at Fort Chipewyan, Alberta, Canada. Holotype (unique): NMC [ex Victoria Mem. Mus.] 1048 (lost). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:30-31 [ref. 7042], McAllister 1965:10 [ref. 22019], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis hudsonius (Clinton 1824) or possibly based on a hybrid -- (Gilbert 1978:21, 31 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Notropis hudsonius (Clinton 1824) -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:463 [ref. 24570]). •Synonym of Hudsonius hudsonius (Clinton 1824). Current status: Synonym of Hudsonius hudsonius (Clinton 1824). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

borysthenica, Vimba vimba vimba infra. Velikokhatko [F. D.] 1940:272 [Izvestija Akademii Nauk SSSR = Bulletin de l'Académie des Sciences de l'URSS = Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Serija biologiceskaja. 1940; ref. 13226] Author's name also spelled Velykochatjo and Velikokhat'ko. Not available, infrasubspecific as an infranatio; from Lower Dnieper River, Ukraine. •In the synonymy of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:791 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:86 [ref. 22952]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

borysthenicum, Chondrostoma nasus Berg [L. S.] 1914:373, Figs. 32-33 [ ref. 274] Dnieper River near Neyasit, Ukraine. Syntypes: ZIN 11985 (2). Original not seen. Appeared first as Chondrostoma nasus var. borysthenica in Dybowski as name only and not available (see Kottelat 1997:55 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Lelek 1987:178 [ref. 22962]). •Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:621 [ref. 20661], Elvira 1987:116 [ref. 6743], Bogutskaya 1998:60 [ref. 23589], Parin et al. 2014:71 [ref. 33547]). •Questionably a synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:55 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

borysthenicus, Squalius Kessler [K. F.] 1859:545 [Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou v. 32 (pt 1); ref. 18392] An arm of the Dnieper River at Aleschki, Ukraine. Syntypes: none found at ZIN. Also appeared as new in Kessler 1860:211, Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [ref. 18393]. •Valid as Leuciscus borysthenicus (Kessler 1859) -- (Berg 1949:560 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya 1996:26 [ref. 22945], Bianco et al. 1996:51 [ref. 26724], Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:172 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:738 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:63 [ref. 23589], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:169 [ref. 28369]). •Valid as Squalius borysthenicus Kessler 1859 -- (Sanjur et al. 2003:23 [ref. 28742], Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975], Parin et al. 2014:95 [ref. 33547], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151]). •Valid as Petroleuciscus borysthenicus (Kessler 1859) -- (Bogutskaya 2002:236 [ref. 26837], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:86 [ref. 28183], Freyhof et al. 2006:418 [ref. 28484], Fricke et al. 2007:43 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:220 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:167 [ref. 31251], Coad & Bogutskaya 2010:37 [ref. 30930], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Barbieri et al. 2015:59 [ref. 35029], Khaefi et al. 2016:158 [ref. 34748], Mohammadian-Kalat et al. 2017:487 [ref. 35603], Saygun et al. 2017:188 [ref. 38891], Turan et al. 2018:[10] [ref. 35758], Freyhof et al. 2018:131 [ref. 35889], Özuluğ & Saç 2019:30 [ref. 36599], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Çiçek et al. 2023:400 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[33] [ref. 40328], Kaya et al. 2023:4 [ref. 40658], Çiçek et al. 2024:236 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Petroleuciscus borysthenicus (Kessler 1859). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Black Sea, Sea of Azov and Sea of Marmara watersheds. Habitat: freshwater.

boschungi, Macrhybopsis Gilbert [C. R.] & Mayden [R. L.] in Gilbert, Mayden & Powers 2017:512, Fig. 1B [Zootaxa 4247 (no. 5); ref. 35222] Cahaba River, at U. S. highway 80 bridge, 16 km W of Selma, Dallas County, Alabama. Holotype: UF 175766 [ex UT 44.2312]. Paratypes: ANSP, KU, MCZ, TU, UAIC, UF, UMMZ, USNM, UT. •Valid as Macrhybopsis boschungi Gilbert & Mayden 2017 -- (Echelle et al. 2018:542 [ref. 35765], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Macrhybopsis boschungi Gilbert & Mayden 2017. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: lower Mobile basin, Alabama and northeastern Mississippi (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

boscii, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:313, Pl. 504 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Lake Ponchartraine, Louisiana; Pennsylvania; Charleston, South Carolina; Philadelphia; and New York, U.S.A. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-3900 (4) Pennsylvania, 0000-3906 (2) Philadelphia, 0000-3907 (2) Charleston, 0000-3949 (3) Philadelphia. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:77 [ref. 19574], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814) -- (Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:435 [ref. 24570] as bosci). Current status: Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

boucardi, Leuciscus Günther [A.] 1868:485 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Cuernavaca, Mexico. Syntypes: BMNH 1868.3.3.4-7 (4). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:31 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybopsis boucardi (Günther 1868) -- (Markle et al. 1991:277 [ref. 21027], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:16 [ref. 22290], Schönhuth et al. 2001:360 [ref. 25185], Grose & Wiley 2002:1092 [ref. 26513], Miller 2006:128 [ref. 28615]). •Valid as Notropis boucardi (Günther 1868) -- (Gilbert 1978:31 [ref. 7042], Chernoff & Miller 1986:181 [ref. 6782], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395], Schönhuth & Doadrio 2003:333 [ref. 27194], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Graodus boucardi (Günther 1868) -- (Stout et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:174 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Graodus boucardi (Günther 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Guerrero, México State, Morelos and Puebla, Pacific Slope (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

bowersi, Rhinichthys Goldsborough [E. L.] & Clark [H. W.] 1908:36, Fig. [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 27 (Doc. 631) (for 1907); ref. 12404] Dry Fork at Harman, Randolph County, West Virginia, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 61576. Paratypes: CAS-SU 21035 [not 20015 as published] (1), USNM 126495 [ex USBF 1621 = 5314] (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:38 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395]. Based on a hybrid, but according to Art. 17.2 the name is available. •Valid as Rhinichthys bowersi Goldsborough & Clark 1908 -- (Goodfellow et al. 1984:652 [ref. 25575], Page & Burr 1991:102 [ref. 18983]). •Mention -- (Stauffer et al. 1995:161 [ref. 23376]). •Valid as Pararhinichthys bowersi (Goldsborough & Clark 1908) -- (Stauffer et al. 1997:329 [ref. 22748], Gilbert 1998:51 [ref. 23395], Kilian et al. 2011: 241 [ref. 31604]). •F1 hybrid betweeen Nocomis micropogon and Rhinichthys cataractae -- (Raney 1940:270 [ref. 26092], Poly & Sabaj 1998:1084 [ref. 23633], Scharpf 2005:38 [ref. 28940]). Hybrid. Current status: Synonym. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bowmani, Plargyrus Girard [C. F.] 1856:196 [32] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Sweetwater River, a tributary of Platte River, Nebraska, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): ?ANSP 3236 or USNM 65 (lost). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:31 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:70 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:51-52 [ref. 23395]. On p. 32 of separate. Type apparently lost, ANSP 3236 too small. •Synonym of Notropis cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1964:141 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:31 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brachyurus, Phoxinus Berg [L. S.] 1912:241, Fig. 16 [v. 3 (pt 1); ref. 5874] Chilik River, Ili basin, Kazakhstan. Holotype (?): ZIN 10277 (1). Paratypes: ZIN 10277a (6). •Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1987:141 [ref. 37731]). •Valid as Phoxinus brachyurus Berg 1912 -- (Berg 1949:586 [ref. 20661], Yang & Hwang 1964:24 [ref. 13497], Howes 1985:67 [ref. 5274], Zhu 1995:30 [ref. 25213], Luo in Chen et al. 1998:81 [ref. 23878], Strange & Mayden 2009:495 [ref. 30381], Zhang et al. 2016:54 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Phoxinus brachyurus Berg 1912. Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Distribution: North Asia: Kazakhstan. Habitat: freshwater.

brama, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:326 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] European lakes. Syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.147 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:211 [ref. 13434]. •Valid as Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Herrera 1896:24 [ref. 39336] with author as Fleming, Berg 1949:768 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:8 [ref. 22348], Coad 1995:9 [ref. 23608], Mitrofanov et al. 1988:128 [ref. 37734], Chereshnev 1996:599 [ref. 24659], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Kottelat 1997:43 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:162 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:734 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:55 [ref. 23589], Luo in Chen et al. 1998:95 [ref. 23878], Tadajewska 1998:144 [ref. 24941], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:200 [ref. 26728], Hanel 2003:52 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:75 [ref. 28183], Benejam et al. 2005:273 [ref. 41555], Hanel & Lusk 2005:244 [ref. 28804], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:166 [ref. 28369], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:28 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:155 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Esmaeili et al. 2010:366 [ref. 33391], Bartulović et al. 2011:165 [ref. 31635], Parin et al. 2014:64 [ref. 33547], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:860 [ref. 34062], Barbieri et al. 2015:41 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:31 [ref. 35254], Romanov et al. 2017:820 [ref. 35687], Esmaeili et al. 2018:11 [ref. 36089], Ćaleta et al. 2019:155 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:251 [ref. 37108], Özuluğ & Saç 2019:29 [ref. 36599], Çiçek et al. 2020:249 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:107 [ref. 37983], Kaya et al. 2020:328 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Pozdeev et al. 2022:4 [ref. 39511], Chen et al. 2023:9 [ref. 40668], Çiçek et al. 2023:34 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:381 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[27] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Shumka et al. 2023:36 [ref. 40747] as Abramisbrama, Çiçek et al. 2024:194 [ref. 40789], Fricke et al. 2024:163 [ref. 41622], Artaev et al. 2025:19 [ref. 42057]). Current status: Valid as Abramis brama (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: central and eastern Europe and Caspian Sea basin. Introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

brandtii, Telestes Dybowski [B. N.] 1872:215 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 22; ref. 1170] Lake Khanka and Ussuri River, southeastern Russia [? Valdivostok]. Syntypes: ZMB 7950 [from Dybowski] (1) Khanka. •Valid as Leuciscus brandtii (Dybowski 1872) -- (Berg 1949:569 [ref. 20661], Yang & Hwang 1964:29 [ref. 13497], Kawanabe & Mizuno 1989:266 [ref. 25598], Zhu 1995:31 [ref. 25213]). •Valid as Tribolodon brandtii [sometimes as brandti] (Dybowski 1872) -- (Howes 1985:71 [ref. 5274], Kim 1997:254 [ref. 24032], Nikiforov et al. 1997:330 [ref. 24694], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:742 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:72 [ref. 23589], Luo in Chen et al. 1998:74 [ref. 23878], Sokolovskaya et al. 1998:8 [ref. 24670], Nakabo 2000:265 [ref. 25086], Doi & Shinzawa 2000:241 [ref. 25251], Matsuura et al. 2000:136 [ref. 26000], Pietsch et al. 2001:140 [ref. 25688], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Kim & Park 2002:163 [ref. 25913], Nakabo 2002:265 [ref. 26001], Choi et al. 2003:158, 517 [ref. 26218] as brandti, Kolpakov & Kolpakov 2002:840 [ref. 26577] as brandti, Sakai et al. 2002:1291 [ref. 26628], Alekseyev et al. 2004:53 [ref. 27625], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:97 [ref. 28183], Sakai & Amano 2014:219 [ref. 33610], Zhang et al. 2016:56 [ref. 34477], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:666 [ref. 34853]). •Valid as Pseudaspius brandtii (Dybowski 1872) -- (Dyldin et al. 2020:81 [ref. 37569], Dyldin et al. 2021:23 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:66 [ref. 38158], Zolotava & Kartavtsev 2023:323 [369] [ref. 40485], Dyldin et al. 2023:[25] [ref. 40328], Chen et al. 2024:7 [ref. 41712]). Current status: Valid as Pseudaspius brandtii (Dybowski 1872). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Distribution: East Asia: Northwestern Pacific drainages, costal rivers and lakes. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

braytoni, Notropis Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.] 1896:264 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2443] Río Monterrey (tributary to Rio San Juan), Cadereita [Cadereyta], Nuevo León, Mexico. Syntypes: ?CAS 29301 [ex IU 8628] (1); USNM 96 (2 spec., now 0, one set of pharyngeal arches as # 2695), 39657 (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:31 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]. Replacement name for Moniana nitida Girard 1856, secondarily preoccupied in Notropis by Alburnus nitidus Kirtland 1854. •Valid as Notropis braytoni Jordan & Evermann 1896 -- (Gilbert 1978:31 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:241 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:153 [ref. 18983], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:17 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:132 [ref. 28615], Page & Burr 2011:285 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Alburnops braytoni (Jordan & Evermann 1896) -- (Stout et al. 2022:9 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:164 [ref. 41622]). Replacement Name. Current status: Valid as Alburnops braytoni (Jordan & Evermann 1896). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Bravo/Río Grande basin, Texas (southern U.S.A.) and northern Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.

brazosensis, Notropis Hubbs [C. L.] & Bonham [K.] 1951:97, Pl. 1 (fig. 2), Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [Texas Journal of Science No. 1; ref. 10853] Brazos River at Wellborn Crossing, Brazos County, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 129827. Paratypes: UMMZ ?110594 (7), 129828 (101, now 100), ?129833 (1), 129840 (18), ?138389 (19), 146293 (2), 159368 (75), ?159369-72 (8, 1, 92, 363). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:31 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis shumardi (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert & Bailey 1962:808 [ref. 21335], Gilbert 1978:31 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Paranotropis shumardi (Girard 1856). Current status: Synonym of Paranotropis shumardi (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevicauda, Gila Norris [S. M.], Fischer [J. M.] & Minckley [W. L.] 2003:20, Figs. 1-2 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 14 (no. 1); ref. 26757] Río Basaseachic (= Candameña), 1-2 kilometers above Cascada de Basaseachic, Chihuahua, Mexico. Holotype: UMMZ 240260. Paratypes: ASU 8447 (4), 9936 (4); UMMZ 208179 (86), 21311 [ex UAZ 75-102] (39); UANL 15012 (8); UAZ 75-103 (32); UNAM 13105 (8). •Valid as Gila brevicauda Norris, Fischer & Minckley 2003 -- (Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:18 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:120 [ref. 28615], Minckley & Marsh 2009:120 [ref. 31114], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Ballesteros-Córdova et al. 2020:216 [ref. 37371], Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:172 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Gila brevicauda Norris, Fischer & Minckley 2003. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Mayo River basin, Chihuahua (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

breviceps, Alburnus Heckel [J. J.] & Kner [R.] 1857:134, Fig. 69 [Die Süsswasserfische der Österreichischen Monarchie; ref. 2078] Danube River, Austria. Holotype (unique): NMW 55539. Type catalog: Palandačić et al. 2024:284 [ref. 41191]. •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952], Palandačić et al. 2024:285 [ref. 41191]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevirostris, Leuciscus Mori [T.] 1927:31 [2] [Journal of the Chosen Natural History Society No. 5; ref. 16382] Hun River, tributary of Liao River, southern Manchuria, China. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. On p. 2 of separate. •Synonym of Leuciscus waleckii (Dybowski 1869) -- (Luo in Chen et al. 1998:65 [ref. 23878], Kottelat 2006:39 [ref. 28831], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:661 [ref. 34853]). Current status: Synonym of Leuciscus waleckii (Dybowski 1869). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brevis, Campostoma Haseman [J. D.] 1906:161 [Proceedings of the Indiana Academy Science v. 15 (for 1905); ref. 12378] Wabash River, 3 miles above Wabash, Indiana, U.S.A. Holotype: CAS 58623 [ex IU 11421]. Paratypes: (7) CAS 58624 [ex IU 11422] (6), UMMZ 63037 (1). •Synonym of Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820), subspecies pullum (Agassiz 1854) -- (Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brimleyi, Notropis Bean [B. A.] 1903:913 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 26 (no. 1339); ref. 15007] Cane River, at Cane River Post Office (near Burnsville), Yancey County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 50601. Paratypes: (2, not found). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis coccogenis (Cope 1868) -- (Gilbert 1964:122 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:32 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Coccotis coccogenis (Cope 1868). Current status: Synonym of Coccotis coccogenis (Cope 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brusinai, Leuciscus Katuric [M.] 1894:126, 129 [Prosvieta List za Tsrkvu, Shkolu i Pouku v. 1 (pt. 3, no. 2); ref. 22004] Original not seen. Current status: Uncertain. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

brutius, Leuciscus Costa [O. G.] 1838:Cyprinoides p. 22, Pl. 18 [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Crati River near Cosenza, Italy. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-0198. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-2590 [ex MNHN 0000-0198] (1), MZUF 5673 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:61 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1126 [ref. 20712], Vanni 1991:221 [ref. 20099]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1126 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:65 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). •? Synonym of Squalius squalus (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

bubalinus, Leuciscus Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] 1853:391 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 6; ref. 165] Otter Creek, Arkansas [= tributary to North Fork of Red River, either Kiowa or Tillman County, southwestern Oklahoma], U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 125 (lost, 1 pair pharyngeal arches as #2798). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:32 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Gilbert 1978:32 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Mayden 1989:49 [ref. 12555], Gilbert 1998:52 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

buccata, Ericymba Cope [E. D.] 1865:88 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 17; ref. 907] Kiskiminitas River, western Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 6003 (1), 6004 (1), 197130 (1, dry, ex Univ. of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:71 [ref. 13621] and Gilbert 1998:52-53 [ref. 23395] as holotype (6003) and paratype [both incorrect, and Böhlke does not establish a lectotype]. •Valid as Notropis buccatus (Cope 1865) -- (Bart et al. 1994:5 [ref. 41394], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:443 [ref. 21581], Gilbert 1998:52-53 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:106 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:89 [ref. 27882], Boschung & Mayden 2004:233 [ref. 27995], Pera & Armbruster 2006:423 [ref. 28795], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Ericymba buccata Cope 1865 -- (Lee et al. 1980:156 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:127 [ref. 22186], Dimmick 1987:316 [ref. 11406], Page & Burr 1991:163 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:48 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:163 [ref. 22809], Stauffer et al. 1995:78 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:181 [ref. 25836], Ross et al. 2001:155 [ref. 25978], Page & Burr 2011:295 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Ericymba buccatus Cope 1865. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: eastern-central U.S.A. IUCN (2013): Least Concern. Habitat: freshwater.

buccula, Notropis bairdi Cross [F. B.] 1953:253, Fig. 1 [Texas Journal of Science v. 5 (no. 2); ref. 12689] Brazos River, about 7 miles south of Mineral Wells, at U.S. highway 281 crossing, Palo Pinto County, Texas, U.S.A. Holotype: KU 2642. Paratypes: KU 2318 (orig. 13, now 9), UMMZ 166743 [ex KU 2318] (2), USNM 163279 [ex KU 2318] (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:32 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:53 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Alburnops buccula (Cross 1953) -- (Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Notropis buccula Cross 1953 -- (Gilbert 1978:32 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:242 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:140 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:53 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:107 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:267 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Notropis buccula Cross 1953. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Texas (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

buchanani, Notropis Meek [S. E.] 1896:342 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 15 (art. 7) (for 1895); ref. 14613] Small creek near Poteau, Le Flore County, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Syntypes: (at least 14) USNM 47532 (3), 125161 [ex USBF] (3). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:32 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:53 [ref. 23395]. The Red River specimens are not regarded as types based on Meek's statement on p. 342. •Valid as Notropis buchanani Meek 1896 -- (Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:243 [ref. 22416], McAllister 1990:62 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:153 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:54 [ref. 23239], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:18 [ref. 22290], Etnier & Starnes 1993:214 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Stauffer et al. 1995:126 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:88 [ref. 23394], Mettee et al. 1996:243 [ref. 25836], Eisenhour 1997:65 [ref. 25525], Gilbert 1998:53 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:viii [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:107 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:26 [ref. 26594], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:90 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:144 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:234 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:132 [ref. 28615], Page & Burr 2011:286 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Paranotropis buchanani (Meek 1896) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:74 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:177 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Paranotropis buchanani (Meek 1896). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Mississippi basin (U.S.A.) south to Río Bravo/Rio Grande basin, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (northern Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

bucharensis, Rutilus rutilus form Nikolskij [G. V.] 1933:264 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 102; ref. 19592] Termez, Upper Amu-Darya basin, Uzbekistan. Holotype: ZMMU P-1390. Paratypes: ZMMU P-1781 (4). Type catalog: Svetovidova 1978:257 [ref. 9011], Vasil'eva et al. 2001:23 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:512 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:11 [ref. 22348], Kottelat 1997:82 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

buggenhagii, Cyprinus Bloch [M. E.] 1784:137, Pl. 95 [M. Marcus Elieser Bloch's ..., ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin, Oeconomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands v. 3; ref. 19645] River Pene and related lakes in Swedish Pommern [now Mecklenburg-Vorpommern], Germany. Holotype (unique): ZMB 4106. Type catalog: Paepke 1999:71 [ref. 24282]. Spelled buggenhagen by early authors, including Bonnaterre 1788:201 [ref. 4940]. On p. 116 of Bloch's Ichthyologie, v. 3 [ref. 21381]. •A hybrid between Abramis brama x Rutilus rutilus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952], Paepke 1999:67 [ref. 24282]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bullaris, Cyprinus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1817:120 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 2 (no. 2); ref. 18584] Fishkill and other streams falling into the Hudson River, New York, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:53 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817) -- (Smith 1986:157 [ref. 22186], Gilbert 1998:53 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:514 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Habitat: freshwater.

burchi, Notropis Fowler [H. W.] 1942:4, Figs. 5-6 [Notulae Naturae (Philadelphia) No. 107; ref. 13199] Mill Creek, tributary of St. Marys River, Charlton County, Georgia, U.S.A. Holotype: ANSP 69970. Paratypes: ANSP 69971 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:71 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:53 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis maculatus (Hay 1881) -- (Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:53 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Notropis maculatus (Hay 1881). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

burdigalensis, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:218 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Gironde estuary, France. Lectotype: MNHN 0000-3104. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-2585 [ex MNHN 0000-3104] (5). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:62-63 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1120 [ref. 20712]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1120 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Lelek 1987:207 [ref. 22962] as hurdigalensis). •Valid as Leuciscus burdigalensis Valenciennes 1844 -- (Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:205 [ref. 29996]). Current status: Valid as Leuciscus burdigalensis Valenciennes 1844. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: France. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

burduricus, Pseudophoxinus Küçük [F.], Gülle [I.], Güçlü [S. S.], Çiftçi [Y.] & Erdoğan [Ö.] 2013:32, Figs. 2-3 [ZooKeys No. 320; ref. 32816] Burdur Province, Değirmendere Creek, Karamanlı, Lake Burdur drainage; 37°24'18"N, 29°49'06"E, Turkey. Holotype: IFC-ESUF 0427. Paratypes: IFC-ESFU O428 (17). Plus Non-type material. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus burduricus Küçük, Gülle, Güçlü, Çiftçi & Erdoğan 2013 -- (Ekmekçi et al. 2015:127 [ref. 34001], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Küçük et al. 2016:287 [ref. 34910], Çiçek et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2023:402 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:240 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophoxinus burduricus Küçük, Gülle, Güçlü, Çiftçi & Erdoğan 2013. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Burdur Gölü tributaries, Burdur Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

burtonius, Leuciscus Lesueur [C. A.] in Vaillant 1896:28 [14], Pl. 25 (unedited) [Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (8th Série) v. 8 (no. 1); ref. 13482] Burton Mine [Bertin mines], Missouri, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:53-54 [ref. 23395] with locality comments. On p. 14 of separate. Misspelled burtonianus by Jordan et al. 1930:121 [ref. 6476]. •Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804), subspecies meleagris Agassiz 1854 with question -- (Gilbert 1998:53-54 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

bustamantei, Evarra Navarro [G. L.] 1955:98, Figs. 1-2. [Ciencia (Mexico City) v. 15 (nos 4-5); ref. 12464] Canals near San Gregorio Atlapulco, Xochimilco, Mexico. Holotype: ?ENCB. Paratypes: (54) ?ENCB, UMMZ 172460 (3), USNM (2), CAS-SU (2), FMNH (2, not found). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Evarra bustamantei Navarro 1955 -- (Scharpf 2005:17 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:70 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:171 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Evarra bustamantei Navarro 1955. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Southern North America: channels in Xochimilco, Me City (Mexico) endemic [extinct]. Habitat: freshwater.

cabeda, Leuciscus Risso [A.] 1827:438 [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Lectotype: MNHN B-0846. Type catalog: Bertin 1945:375 [ref. 21554], Bertin & Estève 1948:61 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1124 [ref. 20712]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1124 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Squalius cabeda, subspecies cabeda (Risso 1827) -- (Sanjur et al. 2003:22 [ref. 28742], Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975]). •Synonym of Squalius squalus (Bonaparte 1837) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:275 [ref. 29996]). Current status: Synonym of Squalius squalus (Bonaparte 1837). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

caddonis, Notropis atherinoides Meek [S. E.] 1891:136 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 9 (art. 9) (for 1889); ref. 12399] Little Red River (tributary of White River) at Judsonia, White County, Arkansas, U.S.A. Syntypes: BMNH 1898.12.29.337-340 [ex FMNH] (4). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:24 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque 1818 -- (Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque 1818. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

caerulea, Cheonda Girard [C. F.] 1856:207 [43] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] See Cheonda coerulea. Misspelling. Current status: Synonym of Gila coerulea (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

caerulescens, Chondrostoma Blanchard [C. E.] 1866:416, Fig. 4 [Les poissons des eaux douces de la France; ref. 310] Doubs and Ognon rivers, France. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Elvira 1987:116 [ref. 6743], Kottelat 1997:55 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

caeruleus, Alburnus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1084 [94] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Aleppo, Syria. Syntypes: NMW 16688 (4), 55511-13 (2, 2, 2), 57161 (3); ?RMNH 2656 [ex NMW] (4); SMF 100 [ex NMW] (4). Illustrated by Heckel 1843, Pl. 11 (fig. 3) [ref. 2067]. On p. 94 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Doubtfully valid as Alburnus caeruleus Heckel 1843 -- (Coad 1991:13 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:11 [ref. 23608]). •Valid as Alburnus caeruleus Heckel 1843 -- (Bogutskaya 1997:164 [ref. 23566], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445] Fricke et al. 2007:29 [ref. 29533], Bogutskaya & Coad 2009:170 [ref. 30270], Coad 2009:68 [ref. 30710], Coad 2010:95 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2015:41 [ref. 33691], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:863 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Falahatkar et al. 2015:323 [ref. 35421], Birecikligil et al. 2016:470 [ref. 34308], Esmaeili et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35254], Birecikligil et al. 2017:134 [ref. 35361], Mohammadian-Kalat et al. 2017:499 [ref. 35603], Esmaeili et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36089], Freyhof et al. 2018:581 [ref. 35814], Freyhof et al. 2018:130 [ref. 35889], Al-Moussawi & Afrasiab 2019:34 [ref. 37204], Freyhof & Turan 2019:380 [ref. 36535], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:124 [ref. 37983], Saç 2020:12 [ref. 37616], Çiçek et al. 2023:20 [ref. 40616], Çiçek et al. 2023:388 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:27 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:213 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus caeruleus Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Tigris, Euphrates and Qweik River drainages (Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran). Habitat: freshwater.

caeruleus, Leuciscus Yarrell [W.] 1837:8, Pl. 2 (fig. 2) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London v. 17 (art. 2); ref. 17749] Knowsley Park, England. No types known. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

caeruleus, Photogenis Jordan [D. S.] 1877:338 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 11 (nos 11-12) (art. 29); ref. 2373] Etowah River, Rome, Floyd County, Georgia, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 17883. Paralectotypes: ANSP 19839-41 (3, missing), BMNH 1880.1.21.10 (1), MCZ 24396 (1), MNHN A-1306 (1), USNM 20114 (2). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:66 [ref. 19574], Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:71 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Jordan & Evermann 1896:277 [ref. 2443] and by Gibbs in Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042]. •Valid as Notropis caeruleus (Jordan 1877) -- (Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:244 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Cyprinella caerulea (Jordan 1877) -- (Mayden 1989:85 [ref. 12555], Page & Burr 1991:126 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:45 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:147 [ref. 22809], Mettee et al. 1996:157 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:162 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:13 [ref. 28940], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page & Burr 2011:244 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella caerulea (Jordan 1877). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: southeastern Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

caetobrigus, Squalius Mendes [S. L.], Perea [S.], Sousa [V. C.], Sousa-Santos [C.] & Doadrio [I.] 2024:9, Fig. 5 [Limnetica v. 44 (no. 2); ref. 41732] Grândola Stream, Sado River basin, Grândola, Setúbal, Portugal, 38.169591, -8.565635, elevation 102 meters. Holotype: MNHNCP MB05:003765. Paratypes: MNCN, MNHNCP. •Valid as Squalius caetobrigus Mendes, Perea, Sousa, Sousa-Santos & Doadrio 2024. Current status: Valid as Squalius caetobrigus Mendes, Perea, Sousa, Sousa-Santos & Doadrio 2024. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Sado River basin, Portugal. Habitat: freshwater.

cahabae, Notropis Mayden [R. L.] & Kuhajda [B. R.] 1989:3, Figs. 1a, 2a [Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin No. 9; ref. 20059] Cahaba River, 7.2 kilometersnorth-northeast of Centerville, Bibb County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: UAIC 9119.01. Paratypes: AUM 17153 (1), 17355 (1), 18627 (1); INHS 65086 (3); SIUC 17081 (3); TU 156264 [not 156263] (3); UAIC 7702.07 (3), 7703.05 (3), 8339.05 (14), 8358.08 (5), 8471.06 (8), 8578.02 (358), 9120.01 (1), 9121.01 (7); UF 79940 (3); UMMZ 215338 (3); USNM 305204 (3). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:38 [ref. 20906], Sabaj et al. 1997:261 [ref. 23225], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis cahabae Mayden & Kuhajda 1989 -- (Page & Burr 1991:155 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:54 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:245 [ref. 25836], Eisenhour 1997:65 [ref. 25525], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:235 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:288 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Paranotropis cahabae (Mayden & Kuhajda 1989) -- (Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:74 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Paranotropis cahabae (Mayden & Kuhajda 1989). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Alabama (U.S.A.) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

cahni, Hybopsis Hubbs [C. L.] & Crowe [W. R.] 1956:6 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 578; ref. 12200] Powell River, 3 miles southeast of Harrogate, Claiborne County, Tennessee, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 157708. Paratypes: UMMZ 103462-63 (1, 3), 157709 (4); USNM 70580 (5). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybopsis cahni Hubbs & Crowe 1956 -- (Lee et al. 1980:182 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Erimystax cahni (Hubbs & Crowe 1956) -- (Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:349 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:106 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:165 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:330 [ref. 21581], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395], Simons 2004:354 [ref. 27695], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:16 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:216 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:70 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:69 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Erimystax cahni (Hubbs & Crowe 1956). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Tennessee and Virginia (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

calabazas, Notropis Lyons [J.] & Mercado-Silva [N.] 2004:869, Fig. 2 [Copeia 2004 (no. 4); ref. 28048] Río Calabazas above Mexican highway 69 bridge at Plazuela, 15 kilometers south-southeast of the city of Río Verde, San Luis Potosí, Mexico, 21.791°N, 99.924'W. Holotype: ENCB IPN P5721. Paratypes: ENCB IPN 5722 (5); TU 196422 (3); UNAM-CNPE 3511 (1); UMMZ 242082 (3); UWZM 11693 (1), 11694 (4). •Valid as Notropis calabazas Lyons & Mercado-Silva 2004 -- (Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Domínguez-Domínguez et al. 2009:161 [ref. 30768], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Aztecula calabazas (Lyons & Mercado-Silva 2004) -- (Stout et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:167 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Aztecula calabazas (Lyons & Mercado-Silva 2004). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Calabazas, San Luis Potosí (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

caldera, Rhinichthys nevadensis Moyle [P. B.], Buckmaster [N.] & Su [Y.-X.] 2023:523, Fig. 4B [Zootaxa 5249 (no. 5); ref. 40044] White Mountain Research Center, Northeast Pond, Inyo County, California, 37.360618°N, 118.329370°W. Holotype: WFB 5000. Paratypes: WFB 5001-5009 (9). •Synonym of Rhinichthys nevadensis Gilbert 1893, but a valid subspecies as described. Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys nevadensis Gilbert 1893. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Long Valley volcanic caldera, California, U.S.A. [this subspecies]. Habitat: freshwater.

calientis, Notropis Jordan [D. S.] & Snyder [J. O.] 1899:122, Fig. 4 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 19 [1899]; ref. 2501] Río Verde at Aguascalientes, Mexico. Holotype: CAS-SU 6193. Paratypes: BMNH 1900.9.29.152-157 (6), CAS-SU 6198 (11 or 10). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:34 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybopsis calientis (Jordan & Snyder 1899) -- (Miller 2006:128 [ref. 28615]). •Valid as Notropis calientis Jordan & Snyder 1899 -- (Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042], Chernoff & Miller 1986:182 [ref. 6782], Gilbert 1998:54 [ref. 23395], Schönhuth & Doadrio 2003:333 [ref. 27194], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Lyons & Mercado-Silva 2004:873 [ref. 28048], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Domínguez-Domínguez et al. 2009:161 [ref. 30768], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Aztecula calientis (Jordan & Snyder 1899) -- (Stout et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:167 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Aztecula calientis (Jordan & Snyder 1899). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: southern-central highlands of Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos and Querétaro (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

callarchus, Ceratichthys Hubbs [C. L.] & Black [J. D.] 1947:43, Pl. 1 (fig. 3), Fig. 1B [Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 66; ref. 10851] Castor River, near mouth of Bear Creek, Bollinger County, Missouri, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): UMMZ 139613. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:54-55 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Pimephales tenellus (Girard 1856) -- (Lee et al. 1980:342 [ref. 22416]). •Synonym of Pimephales tenellus (Girard 1856), subspecies parviceps (Hubbs & Black 1947) -- (Gilbert 1998:54-55 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Pimephales tenellus (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

callensis, Leuciscus Guichenot [A.] 1850:94, Pl. 7 (fig. 2) [Histoire naturelle des reptiles et poissons; ref. 1940] La Calle, Algeria. Lectotype: MNHN 1927. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1909.12.9.8 [from Guichenot] (1); MNHN B-2814 (11), MNHN 0000-3136 and B-2815 (5). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:59 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1977 [ref. 20629]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1977:27 [ref. 20629]. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus callensis (Guichenot 1850) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:331 [ref. 6186], Poll & Gosse 1995:169 [ref. 24781], Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055], Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055]). •Valid as Tropidophoxinellus callensis (Guichenot 1850) -- (Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Freyhof et al. 2020:5 [ref. 37614], Baikeche et al. 2021:959 [ref. 39080]). Current status: Valid as Tropidophoxinellus callensis (Guichenot 1850). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: North Africa: Algeria and Tunisia. Habitat: freshwater.

callipteryx, Campostoma Cope [E. D.] 1865:284 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 16; ref. 13927] Flint River at Flint, Genesee County, Michigan, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): UMMZ 213798. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:71 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820), subspecies pullum (Agassiz 1854) -- (Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque 1820). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

callisema, Episema Jordan [D. S.] 1877:363 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 11 (nos 11-12) (art. 29); ref. 2373] South Fork of Ocmulgee River, Flat Rock, DeKalb County, Georgia, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 17864. Paralectotypes: ?BMNH 1880.1.21.20 (1), 1883.12.14.210; MCZ 24384 (1); USNM 20126 (1), 163954 [ex USNM 17864] (3). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:33-34 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395], Gilbert 2009:161 [ref. 30728]. Lectotype selected by Gibbs in Gilbert 1978:33 [ref. 7042]. •Valid as Notropis callisema (Jordan 1877) -- (Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:246 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Cyprinella callisema (Jordan 1877) -- (Mayden 1989:95 [ref. 12555], Page & Burr 1991:127 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:13 [ref. 28940], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page & Burr 2011:246 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella callisema (Jordan 1877). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Georgia (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

callistius, Photogenis Jordan [D. S.] 1877:337 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 11 (nos 11-12) (art. 29); ref. 2373] Tributaries of Etowah and Oostanaula rivers, near Rome, Georgia, U.S.A. Lectotype: MCZ 24363. Paralectotypes: ANSP 19658 (1), 19837-38 (2); BMNH 1880.1.21.67 (1); MNHN A-1289 (1); USNM 17882 (1), 31148 (2), 163965-66 (1, 1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:66 [ref. 19574], Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:71 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395], ilbert 2009:158 [ref. 30728]. Lectotype selected by Gibbs in Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042]. •Valid as Notropis callistius (Jordan 1877) -- (Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:246 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Cyprinella callistia (Jordan 1877) -- (Mayden 1989:90 [ref. 12555], Page & Burr 1991:124 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:46 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:148 [ref. 22809], Mettee et al. 1996:159 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395], Ross et al. 2001:136 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:164 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:13 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:242 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Bennett et al. 2015:54 [ref. 41443], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738] as 'Cyprinella' callistia, Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella callistia (Jordan 1877). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: southeastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

callitaenia, Notropis Bailey [R. M.] & Gibbs [R. H., Jr.] 1956:2, Pl. 1 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 576; ref. 12177] Flint River, about 1 mile south of the outlet of Radium Springs, 5.5 miles south of Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 168938 [ex UMMZ 163922]. Paratypes: ANSP 73864 (20); UMMZ 163922 (76, now 70); USNM 171351 (6). Additional non-type material at CUMV, UF, UMMZ, USNM. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:71 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis callitaenia Bailey & Gibbs 1956 -- (Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:247 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Cyprinella callitaenia (Bailey & Gibbs 1956) -- (Mayden 1989:97 [ref. 12555], Page & Burr 1991:127 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:46 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:161 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:165 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:13 [ref. 28940], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page & Burr 2011:246 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:80 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella callitaenia (Bailey & Gibbs 1956). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Georgia, Alabama and Florida (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

calliura, Cyprinella Jordan [D. S.] 1877:61 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum [v. 1] No. 10; ref. 2374] Black Warrior River, Alabama, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 6865. Paralectotypes: USNM 163951 [ex USNM 6865] (7), 214661 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395] with note on locality. Appeared as name only in Jordan 1877:339 [ref. 2373]. Lectotype selected by Gibbs 1957:192 [ref. 21244]. •Synonym of Notropis venustus (Girard 1856) as intergrades between two subspecies -- (Gibbs 1957:195 [ref. 21244], Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856 -- (Mayden 1989:78 [ref. 12555]). •Synonym of Cyprinella stigmatura (Jordan 1877) -- (Gilbert 1998:55 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella stigmatura (Jordan 1877). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

camura, Cliola Jordan [D. S.] & Meek [S. E.] 1884:474 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 7 (no. 450); ref. 10636] Arkansas River at Ft. Lyon, Colorado, U.S.A. [in error, probably Lyons County, Kansas, U.S.A.]. Lectotype: USNM 15256. Paralectotypes: USNM 163962 [ex USNM 15256] (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:55-56 [ref. 23395] with locality information. Lectotype selected by Gibbs 1961:345 [ref. 21240]. •Valid as Notropis camurus (Jordan & Meek 1884) -- (Gibbs 1961:344 [ref. 21240], Gilbert 1978:35 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:248 [ref. 22416], Dimmick 1987:316 [ref. 11406], Robison & Buchanan 1988:205 [ref. 23393]). •Valid as Cyprinella camura (Jordan & Meek 1884) -- (Mayden 1989:68 [ref. 12555], Page & Burr 1991:122 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:149 [ref. 22809], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Cross & Collins 1995:55 [ref. 23394], Gilbert 1998:55-56 [ref. 23395], Ross et al. 2001:138 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:90 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:13 [ref. 28940], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page & Burr 2011:239 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella camura (Jordan & Meek 1884). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Kentucky to Louisiana, Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas and Oklahoma (central U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

canadensis, Leuciscus Fortin [P.] 1867:70 [Annual report of Pierre Fortin ... , Ottawa 25 (pt 2) (no. 25) (for 1865); ref. 18093] St. Lawrence River, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Holotype: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817) -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:514 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Habitat: freshwater.

candidus, Notropis Suttkus [R. D.] 1980:3, Fig. 1 (upper) [Alabama Museum of Natural History Bulletin No. 5; ref. 8656] Alabama River along right bank at Yellow Jacket Bar, 2 kilometers downriver from Holly Ferry crossing, Wilcox County, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 103415. Paratypes: UF 24181 (20); TU 40313 (25), 40930 (26), 40928 (13), 41414 (35), 47903 (109), 52832 (37), 52854 (23), 57763 (84), 76231 (132), 76253 (203), 80311 (250), 86774 (212), 96458 (139); UAIC 5495.01 (21); UF 24181 [ex TU 80311] (20); UMMZ 200217 (20); USNM 217389 (36). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:38-39 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis candidus Suttkus 1980 -- (Page & Burr 1991:137 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:54 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:247 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395], Ross et al. 2001:199 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:236 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:259 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Alburnops candidus (Suttkus 1980) -- (Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Alburnops candidus (Suttkus 1980). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: Alabama and Mississippi (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

capito, Alburnus Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1086 [96] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Gebergsflüssen Kurdistans. Syntypes: NMW 55505 (4, now 5). On p. 96 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Questionably a synonym of Chalcalburnus mossulensis (Heckel 1843) -- (Coad 1995:15 [ref. 23608]). •Synonym of Alburnus mossulensis Heckel 1843 -- (Bogutskaya 1997:166 [ref. 23566], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:864 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35254]). •Synonym of Alburnus sellal Heckel 1843 -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:129 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:222 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus sellal Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

capito, Cyprinus Scopoli [J. A.] 1786:73 [Deliciae florae et faunae Insubricae; ref. 18712] Lakes of Insubria, northern Italy. No types known. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Cyprinus capito Güldenstädt 1772. •Questionably a synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952]). •Questionably a synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). •? Synonym of Squalius squalus (Bonaparte 1837). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cappadocicus, Squalius Özuluğ [M.] & Freyhof [J.] 2011:119, Figs. 11-13 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 22 (no. 2); ref. 31360] Stream Melendiz at Ihlara, 38°14.15'N, 34°18.71'E, Aksaray Province, Turkey. Holotype: IUSHM 2011-1035. Paratypes: IUSHM 2011-1009 (3), 2011-1010 (27, now 22), 2011-1011 (25). Type catalog: Özuluğ & Saç 2018:47 [ref. 35782]. •Valid as Squalius cappadocicus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011 -- (Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Kelleci et al. 2021:282 [ref. 38359], Çiçek et al. 2023:410 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Çiçek et al. 2024:256 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius cappadocicus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Tuz Gölü tributary, Aksaray Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

caralis, Acanthorutilus anatolicus Battalgil [F.] 1942:288, Fig. 1 [Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul, Série B: Sciences Naturelles v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 13190] Beysehir Lake, Turkey. Holotype: ZMH H1082. Type catalog: Wilkens 1977:157 [ref. 22013], Wilkens & Dohse 1993:410 [ref. 21161] as syntype. •Synonym of Pseudophoxinus anatolicus (Hankó 1925) -- (Bogutskaya 1992:268 [ref. 22066], Bogutskaya 1997:175 [ref. 23566]). •Valid as Pseudophoxinus caralis (Battalgil 1942) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2006:336 [ref. 29055], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:243 [ref. 31039], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:403 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Çiçek et al. 2024:241 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophoxinus caralis (Battalgil 1942). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Beyşehir Gölü and Beyşehir Gölü tributaries, Isparta and Konya provinces (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

cardinalis, Notropis Mayden [R. L.] 1988:156, Fig. 1A-B [Copeia 1988 (no. 1); ref. 6235] Five Mile Creek, south of Kansas state line, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, U.S.A. Holotype: KU 20963. Paratypes: ALA 7842.01 (3), ANSP 153631 (18), INHS 62291 (3), KU 21398 (40), LACM 44208-1 (3), MCZ 64503 (3), SIUC 14002 (3), TU 145026 (3), UF 44767 (3), UMMZ 213785 (3), USNM 280377 (3), UT 44.3620 (3). Type catalog: Bart & Taylor 1993:39 [ref. 20906], Sabaj et al. 1997:261 [ref. 23225], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis cardinalis Mayden 1988 -- (Robison & Buchanan 1988:253 [ref. 23393]). •Valid as Luxilus cardinalis (Mayden 1988) -- (Page & Burr 1991:112 [ref. 18983], Cross & Collins 1995:70 [ref. 23394], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:484 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:116 [ref. 27931], Scharpf 2005:22 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:223 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Luxilus cardinalis (Mayden 1988). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

carianorum, Alburnus Freyhof [J.], Kaya [C.], Bayçelebi [E.], Geiger [M. F.] & Turan [D.] 2018:124 [Zootaxa 4410 (no. 1); ref. 35889] No valid types. Replacement name for Alburnus kurui Mangit & Yerli 2018, secondarily preoccupied in Alburnus, but this name is unavailable because the location of the types is not mentioned. •In the synonymy of Alburnus carianorum Freyhof, Kaya, Bayçelebi, Geiger & Turan 2019 -- (Freyhof et al. 2019:594 [ref. 36482], Çiçek et al. 2023:389 [ref. 40625]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Alburnus carianorum Freyhof, Kaya, Bayçelebi, Geiger & Turan 2019. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

carianorum, Alburnus Freyhof [J.], Kaya [C.], Bayçelebi [E.], Geiger [M. F.] & Turan [D.] 2019:595, Fig. 1 [Zootaxa 4550 (no. 4); ref. 36482] Dalaman River north of Dalaman, Muğla Province, Turkey, 36.815°N, 28.802°E. Holotype: FFR 04677. Paratypes: FFR, FSJF. Type catalog: Kaya et al. 2021:418 [ref. 38688]. New name for Alburnus kurui Mangit & Yerli 2018 and Alburnus carianorum Freyhof, Kaya, Bayçelebi, Geiger & Turan 2018. •Valid as Alburnus carianorum Freyhof, Kaya, Bayçelebi, Geiger & Turan 2018 -- (Çiçek et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36267], Özuluğ et al. 2018:33 [ref. 35953], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:389 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:213 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus carianorum Freyhof, Kaya, Bayçelebi, Geiger & Turan 2019. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: lower Dalaman and Büyük Menderes River drainages, Aegean Sea basin (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

carii, Leuciscus Knauthe [K.] 1893:418 [Zoologischer Anzeiger v. 16 (no. 432); ref. 23076] Proposed for a hybrid, not available. •Hybrid between Leuciscus delineatus x Rutilus rutilus -- (Kottelat 1997:184 [ref. 22952]). Hybrid. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

carinatus, Alburnus (Chalcalburnus) chalcoides Battalgil [F.] 1941:179 [Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul, Série B: Sciences Naturelles v. 6 (nos 1-2); ref. 13194] Lake Manyas, Turkey. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Alburnus mento (Heckel 1836) -- (Mangit & Yerli 2017:1 [ref. 35640] dated 1837). •Synonym of Chalcalburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Kottelat 1997:53 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Bogutskaya 1997:165 [ref. 23566]). •Valid as Alburnus carinatus Battalgil 1941 -- (Freyhof & Kottelat 2007:205 [ref. 29339], Freyhof & Kottelat 2007:214 [ref. 29340], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2007:241 [ref. 29341], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:9 [ref. 36267], Freyhof et al. 2018:130 [ref. 35889], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:389 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:214 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnus carinatus Battalgil 1941. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Manyas Gölü and Uluabat Gölü (Marmara Sea tributaries), Balıkesir and Bursa provinces (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

carinatus, Cyprinus Pallas [P. S.] (ex Güldenstädt) 1814:323 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Don River mouth, and Abrif, about 17 kilometers south-southwest of Taganrog, Rostov Oblast, Russia, Sea of Azov. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Based on Cyprinus vimba (non Linnaeus 1758), vernacular name Rybez, of Güldenstädt 1791:86 [ref. 18175]. Also described in Pallas 1831:323 [ref. 30187]. •Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Lelek 1987:243 [ref. 22962], Uiblein & Winkler 1994:58 [ref. 21823]). •Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:791 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:86 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:180 [ref. 23566], Bogutskaya 1998:73 [ref. 23589], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:171 [ref. 28369]). •Synonym of Abramis vimba (Linnseus 1758) -- (Parin et al. 2014:65 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Vimba vimba (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

carinus, Squalius Özuluğ [M.] & Freyhof [J.] 2011:123, Figs. 14-16 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 22 (no. 2); ref. 31360] Spring Işikli, 38°19.29'N, 29°51.07'E, Denizli Province, Turkey. Holotype: IUSHM 2009-947. Paratypes: IUSHM 2011-1018 (16). Type catalog: Özuluğ & Saç 2018:47 [ref. 35782]. •Valid as Squalius carinus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011 -- (Turan et al. 2013:322 [ref. 32584], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:410 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:256 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius carinus Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Büyük Menderes River system (Aegean Sea tributary), Denizli Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

carletoni, Leuciscus Kendall [W. C.] 1903:357 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 12340] Bill Fish Brook, a tributary of East Branch of Penobscot River, about 1 mile below Matagamon Lake, Penobscot County, Maine, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 50832. Paratypes and additional material: CAS 58627 [ex IU 10892] (11); FMNH 4829 (9); CAS-SU 9834 (9); UMMZ 86846 (3); USNM 50833 (65), 59116 (66), 126826 [ex USBF 1019] (20). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:33 [ref. 12291], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:52 [ref. 12367], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Semotilus margarita (Cope 1867) -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:519 [ref. 24570]). •Synonym of Margariscus margarita (Cope 1867), subspecies nachtriebi (Cox 1896) -- (Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Margariscus margarita (Cope 1867). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Habitat: freshwater.

carolinus, Clinostomus Girard [C. F.] 1856:212 [48] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 26 (20, not found). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395]. On p. 48 of separate. •Synonym of Clinostomus funduloides Girard 1856 -- (Lachner & Deubler 1960:359 [ref. 21967], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Clinostomus funduloides Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

carolitertii, Leuciscus Doadrio [I.] 1988:302, Figs. 1, 2.9, 3.9, 4.7 [Senckenbergiana Biologica v. 68 (nos 4/6); ref. 16235] Cega River, Rebollo, Segovia, Spain, elevation 900 meters. Holotype: MNCN 82050157. Paratypes: MNCN 81081401-34 (34), SMF 21214-15 (2). •Valid as Leuciscus carolitertii Doadrio 1988 -- (Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Coelho et al. 1998:945 [ref. 24127]). •Valid as Squalius carolitertii (Doadrio 1988) -- (Sanjur et al. 2003:21 [ref. 28742], Alves et al. 2002:649 [ref. 28744], Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975], Doadrio et al. 2007:96 [ref. 29250], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:263 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011:107 [ref. 31360], Perea et al. 2020:[7] [ref. 37489]). Current status: Valid as Squalius carolitertii (Doadrio 1988). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Douro and Mondego River basins, Portugal and Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

carpathicus, Phoxinus phoxinus Popescu Gorj [A.] & Dimitriu [M.] 1950:94, Fig. 6 [Buletinul Institutului de Cercetari Piscicole. v. 9; ref. 23004] Lake Roşu, Romainia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:74 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2007:156 [ref. 29201]). Current status: Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Habitat: freshwater.

carpathorossicus, Rutilus rutilus Vladykov [V. D.] 1930:103 [Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France v. 55 (no. 2); ref. 16221] Laborec River, tributary of Bodrog, Slovakia. Lectotype: MNHN 1930-0211. Paralectotypes: NMP P6V 83669 (1), plus others. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:58 [ref. 19574], Mlíkovský et al. 2011:153 [ref. 33498]. Name spelled carpahorossicus in Popescu Gorj & Dumitriu 1950:83 •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) but a valid subspecies -- (Balon & Holčik 1964:193 [ref. 41156], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:71 [ref. 23589]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

carringtonii, Apocope Cope [E. D.] 1872:472 [U. S. Geological Survey Territitories Annual Report v. 5 (pt 4); ref. 923] Warm Springs, Box Elder County, Utah, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:71 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Rhinichthys osculus (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (La Rivers 1994:428 [ref. 23389] as carringtoni, Sigler & Sigler 1996:117 [ref. 25943] as carringtoni, Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395] as carringtoni, Scharpf 2005:39 [ref. 28940]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys osculus (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Western U.S.A. [subspecies carringtonii]. Habitat: freshwater.

caspicus, Leuciscus rutilus var. Yakovlev [V. E.] 1870:103 [3], Fig. 2 [On the new and little-known species of fish found in the mouths of the Volga; ref. 19610] Volga River Delta, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. On p. 3 of separate. Also described in Yakovlev 1873:334 [ref. 19640]. Author also seen as Jakovlev. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Coad 1995:20 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Kazanskii 1928:8 [ref. 14268], Berg 1949:513 [ref. 20661], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:50 [ref. 37731], Bogutskaya 1997:179 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:741 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:70 [ref. 23589], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:87 [ref. 28183], Bogutskaya & Iliadou 2006:294 [ref. 28494], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533]). •Synonym of Rutilus lacustris (Pallas 1814) -- (Levin et al. 2017:44 [ref. 35061], Esmaeili et al. 2018:36 [ref. 36089], Dyldin et al. 2020:87 [ref. 37569], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:144 [ref. 37983]). •Valid as Rutilus caspicus (Yakovlev 1870) -- (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:239 [ref. 29996], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:879 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:56 [ref. 35254], Dyldin et al. 2020:81 [ref. 37569]). Current status: Valid as Rutilus caspicus (Yakovlev 1870). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Caspian Sea drainages. Habitat: freshwater.

caspius, Leuciscus frisii Lönnberg [E.] 1900:16 [Bihang till Kongl. Svenska vetenskaps-akademiens handlingar. Stockholm v. 26, afd. 4 (no. 8); ref. 17561] Volga River delta, Russia. Holotype (unique): NRM. Described as a "race or subspecies." •Questionably in the synonymy of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Kottelat 1997:78 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Bogutskaya 1997:178 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840) -- (Bogutskaya 1998:69 [ref. 23589], Fricke et al. 2007:46 [ref. 29533], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:143 [ref. 37983]) Current status: Synonym of Rutilus frisii (Nordmann 1840). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

castellanus, Squalius Doadrio [I.], Perea [S.] & Alonso [F.] 2007:93, Figs. 1 and 3 [Graellsia, Revista de Zoologia, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid. v. 63 (no. 1); ref. 29250] Gallo River, Ventosa, Guadalajara, Spain. Holotype: MNCN 212727. Paratypes: MNCN 34147-48 (2), 42066-73 (8), 136311-13 (3), 136320-21 (2), 137042-45 (4), 138857 (1). •Valid as Squalius castellanus Doadrio, Perea & Alonso 2007 -- (Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011:107 [ref. 31360], Perea et al. 2020:[7] [ref. 37489]). Current status: Valid as Squalius castellanus Doadrio, Perea & Alonso 2007. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe: Tagus River basin, Spain. Habitat: freshwater.

cataractae, Gobio Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1842:315, Pl. 483 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 16; ref. 1009] Vicinity of Niagara Falls, North America. Holotype (unique): MNHN 0000-3878. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:64 [ref. 19574], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Rhinichthys cataractae (Valenciennes 1842) -- (Lee et al. 1980:353 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:149 [ref. 22186], Peden & Hughes 1988:1846 [ref. 12855], McAllister 1990:64 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:88 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:101 [ref. 18983], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:20 [ref. 22290], Etnier & Starnes 1993:257 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:293 [ref. 21581], Baxter & Stone 1995:106 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:163 [ref. 23376], Chereshnev 1996:600 [ref. 24659], Sigler & Sigler 1996:112 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:56 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:494 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:146 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:32 [ref. 26594], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:135 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:108 [ref. 27882], Scharpf 2005:38 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, Miller 2006:139 [ref. 28615], McPhail 2007:126 [ref. 31199], Page & Burr 2011:207 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:77 [ref. 32708], Kraczkowski & Chernoff 2014:325 [ref. 34840], Page et al. 2023:75 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:178 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Rhinichthys cataractae (Valenciennes 1842). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Northern-central North America, including southern Canada, U.S-A., south to Río Bravo/Rio Grande system, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (northern Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

cataractus, Chilonemus Baird [S. F.] 1851:215 [Outlines of general zoology; ref. 5033] Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:56-57 [ref. 23395]. Description very brief but regarded as available. •Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1998:56-57 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Habitat: freshwater.

catostomops, Dionda Hubbs [C. L.] & Miller [R. R.] 1977:296, Fig. 4D [Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History v. 18 (no. 17); ref. 7060] Río Tamasopo, 9 miles north of Tamasopo, San Luis Potosí State, Mexico, elevation 1512 feet. Holotype: UMMZ 196346. Paratypes: UMMZ 195950 (6), 196347 (57, 1 skel., 3 c&s), 196692-93 (1, 4); USNM 213790 (12). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Dionda catostomops Hubbs & Miller 1977 -- (Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:13 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:15 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:115 [ref. 28615]). •Valid as Tampichthys catostomops (Hubbs & Miller 1977) -- (Schönhuth et al. 2008:745 [ref. 29831], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:179 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Tampichthys catostomops (Hubbs & Miller 1977). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: upper Río Tamasopo and Río Ojo Frio, both in Río Gallinas drainage, San Luis Potosí, Atlantic Slope (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

catostomus, Phenacobius Jordan [D. S.] 1877:332 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 11 (nos 11-12) (art. 29); ref. 2373] Silver Creek, just above its mouth in Etowah River, Floyd County, Georgia, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 17889. Paralectotypes: ANSP 19847 (1), BMNH 1883.12.14.234 (1), MCZ 24385 (1), MNHN A-1307 (1), USNM 31087 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:72 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395], Gilbert 2009:159 [ref. 30728]. Lectotype selected by Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Phenacobius catostomus Jordan 1877 -- (Lee et al. 1980:330 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:98 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:57 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:240 [ref. 22809], Mettee et al. 1996:293 [ref. 25836], Simons & Mayden 1997:195 [ref. 24948], Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:128 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:76 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:260 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:34 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:202 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:76 [ref. 32708], Bagley et al. 2023:315 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:74 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Phenacobius catostomus Jordan 1877. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

caucasicus, Leucaspius delineatus natio Berg [L. S.] 1949:612 [Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries No. 29; ref. 20661] Not available, infrasubspecific; from n. Caucasus and Transcaucasia. •In the synonymy of Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel 1843) -- (Kottelat 1997:63 [ref. 22952], Esmaeili et al. 2017:50 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:30 [ref. 36089]). •According to Coad 1995:18 [ref. 23608], caucasicus is recognized as a southern Caspian Sea basin subspecies of L. delineatus, so the first subsequent author to treat the name as a subspecies would be the author of caucasicus. Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel 1843). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

caudimacula, Alburnus Heckel [J. J.] 1847:264 [Reisen in Europa, Asien und Africa v. 2 (pt 3); ref. 2068] Kara Agatsch River and near the village of Gerè, Iran. Syntypes: NMW 55506 (15), RMNH 2654 [ex NMW] (4). •Synonym of Chalcalburnus mossulensis (Heckel 1843) -- (Coad 1991:16 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:15 [ref. 23608]). •Synonym of Alburnus mossulensis Heckel 1843 -- (Bogutskaya 1997:166 [ref. 23566], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:864 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35254]). •Synonym of Alburnus sellal Heckel 1843 -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:130 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:222 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus sellal Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

caurinus, Cyprinus (Leuciscus) Richardson [J.] 1836:304 [Fauna Boreali-Americana Part 3; ref. 3731] Columbia River, Fort Vancouver, southern Washington, U.S.A. Syntypes: (4) BMNH 1855.9.19.827-828 (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Mylocheilus caurinus (Richardson 1836) -- (Lee et al. 1980:208 [ref. 22416], McAllister 1990:60 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:70 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:424 [ref. 24570], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:128 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Love et al. 2005:27 [ref. 37547], Scharpf 2005:25 [ref. 28940], McPhail 2007:86 [ref. 31199], Page & Burr 2011:162 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Love et al. 2021:45 [ref. 39279], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Mylocheilus caurinus (Richardson 1836). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: northwestern U.S.A. and Canada. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cavedanus, Leuciscus Bonaparte [C. L.] 1838:fasc. 22, punt. 104, Pl. 113 (fig. 3) [Iconografia della fauna italica; ref. 4894] Piccolo Reno stream, Bologna, Italy. Syntypes and/or Bonaparte specimens: ANSP 6313-18 (6), ?MNHN 0000-2623 (1) Rome. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:62 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1124 [ref. 20712], Böhlke 1984:72 [ref. 13621]. See Kottelat 1997:67 [ref. 22952] for note on types. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:65 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). •? Synonym of Squalius squalus (Bonaparte 1837). Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cayuga, Notropis Meek [S. E.] 1889:305 [Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences v. 4 (art. 13) (for 1888); ref. 12390] Cayuga Lake and Fall Creek, Ithaca, Tompkins County, New York, U.S.A. Lectotype: CAS-SU 3790. Paralectotypes: CAS-SU 67156 [ex CAS-SU 3790] (36), 67159 [ex CAS-SU 3790] (1), 69783 [ex AS-SU 3790] (14). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:34 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:34 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis bifrenatus (Cope 1867) -- (Gilbert 1978:35 [ref. 7042], Smith 1986:186 [ref. 22186], Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Notropis bifrenatus (Cope 1867). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

celayensis, Notropis Álvarez [J.] 1958:109, Fig. 1 [Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, México v. 9 (nos 1-4); ref. 11972] Los Positos [area of spings that lie adjacent to tributary of RíoLerma], northwest of Celaya, state of Guanajuato, Mexico. Holotype: ENCB uncat. Paratypes: (56) ENCB uncat. (50), UMMZ 172461 [ex ENCB] (6). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Yuriria alta (Jordan 1880) -- (Miller 1991:226 [ref. 20063], Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395], Miller 2006:142 [ref. 28615]). Current status: Synonym of Yuriria alta (Jordan 1880). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cenisophius, Leucos Bonaparte [C. L.] 1845:7 [Catalogo metodico dei Ciprinidi d'Europa, ...; ref. 13472] Part of former Gaul drained by rivers Saône and Doubs, France. Holotype: ANSP 6430. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:72 [ref. 13621]. Appeared first as name only, not available in Bonaparte 1841:fasc 30, introduction p. 16 [ref. 512]. Minimal description. Type locality from Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

centisquama, Acanthobrama Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1074 [84] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Damascus, Syria [in error, was Asi River and Amik Lake]. Holotype (unique): NMW 55339. Illustrated by Heckel 1843, Pl. 9 (fig. 1) [ref. 2067]. On p. 84 of separate [ref. 2067]. Listed on p. 1033 [43 of separate] under Acanthobrama as Trachibrama centisquama. •Valid as Acanthobrama centisquama Heckel 1843 -- (Goren et al. 1973:296 [ref. 1853], Coad 1984:275 [ref. 5347], Coad 1991:23 [ref. 15702], Bogutskaya 1997:162 [ref. 23566], Fricke et al. 2007:28 [ref. 29533], Küçük et al. 2014:97 [ref. 33414], Freyhof & Özulug 2014:1 [ref. 33504], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2020:249 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:382 [ref. 40625], Saad et al. 2023:26 [ref. 40501], Çiçek et al. 2024:195 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Acanthobrama centisquama Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor and Middle East: Orontes River basin (Turkey and Syria). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cephaloides, Leuciscus Battalgil [F.] 1942:298, Fig. 8 [Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul, Série B: Sciences Naturelles v. 7 (no. 4); ref. 13190] Armutlu, near Mudanya, northwestern Turkey. Syntypes: IUSHM 2009-982 (6). Type catalog: Özuluğ & Saç 2018:47 [ref. 35782]. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Bogutskaya 1997:173 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). •Valid as Squalius cephaloides (Battalgil 1942) -- (Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011:127 [ref. 31360], Turan et al. 2013:322 [ref. 32584], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644]). •Synonym of Squalius cii (Richardson 1857) -- (Bayçelebi et al. 2022:279 [ref. 39463], Çiçek et al. 2024:257 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Squalius cii (Richardson 1857). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Marmara Sea tributary, Bursa Province (Turkey) [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

cephalopsis, Squalius Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1080 [90] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Aleppo, Syria. Syntypes: NMW 49438 (3), 49440 (2). On p. 90 of separate [ref. 2067]. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Coad 1991:18 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:19 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:65 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:172 [ref. 23566], Fricke et al. 2007:41 [ref. 29533]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cephalus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:322 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Northern Europe. Syntypes: NRM 51 (1), ZMUU Linn. coll. 213 (1). Type catalog: Fernholm & Wheeler 1983:212-213 [ref. 20707], Wheeler 1991:163 [ref. 20102]. Kottelat 1997:66 [ref. 22952] "restricted" the name to the species described by Artedi, but the Code does not provide for such restriction in that manner. •Valid as Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:555 [ref. 20661], Bianco & Knezevic 1987:53 [ref. 21912], Mitrofanov et al. 1987:102 [ref. 37731], Bianco 1988:4 [ref. 22381], Bianco 1988:151 [ref. 22383], Coad 1991:18 [ref. 15702], Bogutskaya 1994:617 [ref. 23569], Coad 1995:18 [ref. 23608], Chereshnev 1996:600 [ref. 24659], Coad 1996:71 [ref. 25297], Bianco et al. 1996:50 [ref. 26724], Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:172 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:738 [ref. 24702], Bianco 1997:616 [ref. 26725], Bogutskaya 1998:63 [ref. 23589], Ketmaier et al. 1998:47 [ref. 23809], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Gabrielyan 2001:27 [ref. 25867], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Hanel 2003:48 [ref. 27894], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:169 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:195 [ref. 28804], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:41 [ref. 29533]). •Valid as Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Sanjur et al. 2003:212 [ref. 28742], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:89 [ref. 28183], Kottelat & Economidis 2006:181 [ref. 28769], Doadrio & Carmona 2006:200 [ref. 28975], Doadrio et al. 2007:252 [ref. 29342], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:264 [ref. 29996], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:167 [ref. 31251], Turan et al. 2009:60 [ref. 30540], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Coad 2010:193 [ref. 36620], Esmaeili et al. 2010:371 [ref. 33391], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Zupančič et al. 2010:155 [ref. 31002], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011:107 [ref. 31360], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:880 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Al-Moussawi & Afrasiab 2019:37 [ref. 37204], Ćaleta et al. 2019:166 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Özuluğ & Saç 2019:31 [ref. 36599], Buj et al. 2019:[16] [ref. 37174], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Bayhan 2021:247 [ref. 40683], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Çiçek et al. 2023:411 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[35] [ref. 40328] with question, Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Çiçek et al. 2024:257 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Europe and Middle East. Introduced in Italy. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cephalus, Semotilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:239 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Creeks of Kentucky, etc., U.S.A. No types known. Genus should be Semotilus following generic account. Also in Rafinesque 1820:49 [ref. 3592]. •Synonym of Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill 1818) -- (Gilbert 1998:57 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill 1818). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cerasinus, Hypsilepis cornutus Cope [E. D.] 1868:159 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 19; ref. 7316] Headwaters of Roanoke River, Virginia, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 3833. Paralectotypes: ANSP 3792-99 (8), 3791 (1), 3800-3832 (33). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:35 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:72 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:57-58 [ref. 23395]. Original genus should have been Hypsolepis. Lectotype established by Fowler 1910:284, Pl. 18 (fig. 31) [ref. 19840] but set aside by Opinion 1206 and lectotype designation of Gilbert 1964:137 accepted [specimen now numbered 3833]. •Valid as Notropis cerasinus (Cope 1868) -- (Gilbert 1964:126 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:35 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:249 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Luxilus cerasinus (Cope 1868) -- (Meagher & Dowling 1991:979 [ref. 22441], Page & Burr 1991:111 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:369 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:93 [ref. 23376], Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:89 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:22 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:222 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Luxilus cerasinus (Cope 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Virginia and North Carolina (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

cercostigma, Cyprinella Cope [E. D.] 1868:157 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 19; ref. 7316] Pearl River at Monticello, Lawrence County, Mississippi, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM (4, not found). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:72 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis venustus (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Gibbs 1957:189 [ref. 21244], Gilbert 1978:35 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:321 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:239 [ref. 23393]). •Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856 -- (Mayden 1989:77 [ref. 12555]). •Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856, but a valid subspecies -- (Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395], Ross et al. 2001:150 [ref. 25978], Scharpf 2005:14 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:239 [ref. 31215], Robins et al. 2018:84 [ref. 35886] with 3 subspecies). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Gulf drainages east of the Mississippi River [subspecies cercostigma]. Habitat: freshwater.

ceresii, Chondrostoma La Blanchère [H. de] 1873:689, Fig. [Bulletin mensuel de la Société Zoologique d'Acclimatation (Ser. 2) v. 10; ref. 18443] Mountains in Rouergue, near Entraygues, southern France. Still researching. Current status: Uncertain. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ceyhanensis, Chondrostoma Küçük [F.], Turan [D.], Güçlü [S. S.], Mutlu [A. G.] & Çiftci [Y.] 2017:798, Figs. 4b, 5c, 6b, 7, 8 [Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences v. 17 (no. 4); ref. 35091] Sır Dam Lake, Ceyhan River, Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey, 38°32.239'N, 33°10.887'E. Holotype: IFC-ESUF 03-1555. Paratypes: IFC-ESUF. Chondrostoma is neuter, therefore correction to ceyhanense (R. Fricke, 28 May 2017). •Valid as Chondrostoma ceyhanense Küçük, Turan, Güçlü, Mutlu & Çiftci 2017 -- (Çiçek et al. 2018:10 [ref. 36267] as ceyhanensis, Bayçelebi 2020:756 [ref. 37964] as ceyhanensis, Çiçek et al. 2020:251 [ref. 37644] as ceyhanensis, Çiftci et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37725], Çiçek et al. 2023:395 [ref. 40625], Küçük et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39929], Çiçek et al. 2024:226 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Chondrostoma ceyhanense Küçük, Turan, Güçlü, Mutlu & Çiftci 2017. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Ceyhan, Seyhan and Berdan River basins (Mediterranean tributaries) (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

chaignoni, Leuciscus (Phoxinellus) Vaillant [L. L.] 1904:188 [3] [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 10 (no. 4); ref. 15216] Oued Bezirk, northwestern Tunisia. Holotype: MNHN 1904-0040. Paratypes: BMNH 1904.6.28.4-6 (3); MNHN B-2816 (2), 1904-0041 through 0047 (3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 1, 1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:59 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1977 [ref. 20629]. On p. 3 of separate. •Synonym of Pseudophoxinus callensis (Guichenot 1850) -- (Lévêque & Daget 1984:331 [ref. 6186]). •Valid as Pseudophoxinus chaigoni (Vaillant 1904) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2006:335 [ref. 29055]). •Valid as Tropidophoxinellus chaignoni (Vaillant 1904) -- (Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802]). Current status: Valid as Tropidophoxinellus chaignoni (Vaillant 1904). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Tunesia. Habitat: freshwater.

chalcoides, Cyprinus Güldenstädt [J. A. von] 1772:540, Pl. 16 [Novi Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae v. 16 (for 1771); ref. 5066] Rivers of southern Russia. No types known. •Valid as Chalcalburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Berg 1949:733 [ref. 20661], Coad 1981:9 [ref. 22348], Lelek 1987:175 [ref. 22962], Coad 1991:23 [ref. 15702], Coad 1995:15 [ref. 23608], Coad 1996:65 [ref. 23606], Coad 1996:84 [ref. 25304], Kottelat 1997:53 [ref. 22952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:736 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:59 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Coad & Holčík 1999:184 [ref. 25294], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:168 [ref. 28369], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251]). •Valid as Chalcalburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772), as a valid subspecies chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Mitrofanov et al. 1988:106 [ref. 37734]). •Valid as Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Bogutskaya 1997:165 [ref. 23566], Bogutskaya et al. 2000:62 [ref. 24445], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:79 [ref. 28183], Freyhof & Kottelat 2007:205 [ref. 29339], Fricke et al. 2007:30 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:166 [ref. 29996], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2008:311 [ref. 29389], Coad 2009:63 [ref. 30710], Buj et al. 2010:130 [ref. 30888], Esmaeili et al. 2010:367 [ref. 33391], Mousavi-Sabet et al. 2015:41 [ref. 33691], Elp et al. 2015:182 [ref. 33762], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:863 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:145 [ref. 35151], Falahatkar et al. 2015:323 [ref. 35421], Esmaeili et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35254], Mohammadian-Kalat et al. 2017:500 [ref. 35603], Esmaeili et al. 2018:14 [ref. 36089], Dyldin et al. 2020:80, 105 [ref. 37569], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:125 [ref. 37983], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Çiçek et al. 2023:53 [ref. 40326], Dyldin et al. 2023:[29] [ref. 40328], Çiçek et al. 2024:214 [ref. 40789], Artaev et al. 2025:20 [ref. 42057] as cf. chalcoides). Current status: Valid as Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Black Sea and Caspian Sea basins. Introduced in Anatolia (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

chalybaeus, Hybopsis Cope [E. D.] 1867:383 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 13); ref. 910] Tributary of Schuykill River, near Conshohochen, Montgomery County Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP (not found). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:35 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:72 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Notropis chalybaeus (Cope 1867) -- (Gilbert 1978:35 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:250 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:187 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:206 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:149 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:54 [ref. 23239], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:437 [ref. 21581], Mettee et al. 1996:249 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395], Lyons et al. 2000:26 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:200 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:91 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:145 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:237 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:281 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:103 [ref. 35886]). •Valid as Alburnops chalybaeus (Cope 1867) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:67 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Alburnops chalybaeus (Cope 1867). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: eastern and central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

chalybeius, Squalius Heckel [J. J.] 1852:111, Pl. 12 (figs. 1-4) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 9; ref. 18260] Kamp River near Zwetl monastery, Austria. Syntypes: NMW 49353-54 (1, 1), 49382 (1), 49391 (1). •Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:68 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

chamberlaini, Notropis Evermann [B. W.] in Jordan & Evermann 1898:2800 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2445] Atchafalaya River at Melville, St. Landry Parish, Louisiana, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 48900. Paratypes: CAS-SU 8570 (4); USNM 48901 (4), 125608 [ex USBF 707] (5). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:34 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:35-36 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis shumardi (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert & Bailey 1962:809 [ref. 21335], Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Paranotropis shumardi (Girard 1856). Current status: Synonym of Paranotropis shumardi (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

chapalae, Falcula Jordan [D. S.] & Snyder [J. O.] 1899:124, Fig. 6 [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 19 [1899]; ref. 2501] Laguna de Chapala, near Ocotlan, Jalisco State, Mexico. Holotype (unique): CAS-SU 6152. Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:31 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Yuriria alta (Jordan 1880) -- (Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395]). •Valid as Yuriria chapalae (Jordan & Snyder 1899 ) -- (Nelson et al. 2004:78 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:42 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:142 [ref. 28615], Domínguez-Domínguez et al. 2007:263 [ref. 29756], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39738] as chaplalae, Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:181 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Yuriria chapalae (Jordan & Snyder 1899). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southwestern North America: Lago de Chapala, Jalisco and Michoacán (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

charusini, Alburnus Herzenstein [S. M.] in Zograf & Kavraisky 1889:50 [Izvestiya Obshchestva Lyubitelei Estestvoznaniya, Antropologii i Etnografii v. 61 (no. 1); ref. 20283] Maly Uzen River mouth, Lakes Kamysh-Samarskiye, Zapadno-Kazakhstanskaya Obl., Kazakhstan. Holotype (unique): ZMMU P-1314. Type catalog: Svetovidova 1978:257 [ref. 9011], but she gave P.1812 (4) as questionable syntypes, original says P.1314 with unique holotype; Vasil'eva et al. 2001:17-18[ref. 25714] as charusinii. Species epithet misspelled harusini by authors. •Valid as Alburnus charusini Herzenstein 1889 -- (Berg 1949:749 [ref. 20661]). •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Coad 1995:10 [ref. 23608], Bogutskaya 1997:164 [ref. 23566]). •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies -- (Bogutskaya 1998:56 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Alburnus hohenackeri Kessler 1877 -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:863 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:35 [ref. 35254], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:127 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:218 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus hohenackeri Kessler 1877. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

chi, Lavinia exilicauda Hopkirk [J. D.] 1974:55, Pls. 2-3 [University of California Publications in Zoology v. 96 (for 1973); ref. 2199] Seigler Creek, 1/4 mile above the mouth into Clear Lake, Lake County, California, U.S.A. Holotype: CAS 23566. Paratypes: CAS 23261 (10), 23547 (9), 24032-34 (37, 13, 8). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395]. Appeared first (and unavailable) in Hopkirk 1968:414 [ref. 2198] without distinguishing features. •Synonym of Lavinia exilicauda Baird & Girard 1854, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Lee et al. 1980:199 [ref. 22416], Gilbert 1998:58 [ref. 23395], Scharpf 2005:21 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:158 [ref. 31215]). •Mention -- (Moyle 2002:136 [ref. 26449]). Current status: Synonym of Lavinia exilicauda Baird & Girard 1854. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Clear Lake, California [this subspecies]. Habitat: freshwater.

chickasavensis, Luxilus Hay [O. P.] 1881:506 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 179); ref. 2053] Chickasawha River at Enterprise, Clark County, Mississippi, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 27419. Paralectotypes: USNM 163953 (8). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:58-59 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Gibbs 1957:190 [ref. 21244]. •Synonym of Notropis venustus (Girard 1856), subspecies cercostigma (Cope 1868) -- (Gibbs 1957:189 [ref. 21244], Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856 -- (Mayden 1989:78 [ref. 12555], Ross et al. 2001:150 [ref. 25978]). •Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856, but a valid subspecies -- (Gilbert 1998:58-59 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

chihuahua, Notropis Woolman [A. J.] 1892:260 [American Naturalist v. 26 (no. 303); ref. 12393] Río de los Conchos [Río Chuviscar], below Chihuahua City, Chihuahua, Mexico. Lectotype: USNM 44151. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1894.1.27.48-57 (12); CAS 14213 [ex IU 4868] (19); FMNH 1889 (1); CAS-SU 818 (27); UMMZ 61702 [ex IU 4868] (5); USNM 125186 (1), 219567 [ex USNM 44151] (9). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:34-35 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:60 [ref. 12367], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established (as figured specimen) in caption to Pl. 46, p. 3241 in Jordan & Evermann 1900 [ref. 2446]. •Valid as Notropis chihuahua Woolman 1892 -- (Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:251 [ref. 22416], Burr & Mayden 1981:255 [ref. 32314], Page & Burr 1991:153 [ref. 18983], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:18 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:133 [ref. 28615], Page & Burr 2011:285 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Miniellus chihuahua (Woolman 1892) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:176 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Miniellus chihuahua (Woolman 1892). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Bravo/Rio Grande system, Texas (U.S.A.) and Chihuahua, Coahuila and Durango (northern Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

chiliticus, Hybopsis Cope [E. D.] 1870:462 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 11 (no. 84); ref. 913] Tributary of Yadkin River, Roane (= Rowan) County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 4378. Paralectotypes: ANSP 4379-88 (10). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:72 [ref. 13621] as holotype and paratypes, Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Fowler 1910:286 [ref. 19840]. •Valid as Hydrophlox chiliticus (Cope 1870) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). •Valid as Notropis chiliticus (Cope 1870) -- (Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:252 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:141 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:395 [ref. 21581], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:108 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:269 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). Current status: Valid as Hydrophlox chiliticus (Cope 1870). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: southeastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

chlora, Cliola Jordan [D. S.] 1878:791 [Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories. v. 4 (no. 4, art. 33); ref. 2377] Upper Missouri River system, U.S.A. Syntypes: USNM 20193 (9). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis stramineus (Cope 1865) -- (Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Notropis ludibundus (Girard 1856), subspecies missuriensis (Cope 1871) -- (Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Miniellus stramineus (Cope 1865). Current status: Synonym of Miniellus stramineus (Cope 1865). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

chloristia, Codoma Jordan [D. S.] & Brayton [A. W.] 1878:21 [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 12; ref. 2436] Tributary of Saluda River, Farr's Mills, west of Greenville, Greenville County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Lectotype: MCZ 24380. Paralectotypes: BMNH 1880.1.21.43 (1), INHS (1, lost). Type catalog: Sabaj et al. 1997:286 [ref. 23225], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Gibbs 1963:522 [ref. 21327]. •Synonym of Notropis analostanus (Girard 1859), but a valid subspecies -- (Gibbs 1963:522 [ref. 21327]). •Valid as Notropis chloristius (Jordan & Brayton 1878) -- (Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:253 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Cyprinella chloristia (Jordan & Brayton 1878) -- (Mayden 1989:76 [ref. 12555], Page & Burr 1991:121 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:69 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:13 [ref. 28940], Schönhuth & Mayden 2009:78 [ref. 38584], Page & Burr 2011:238 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Cyprinella chloristia (Jordan & Brayton 1878). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: North Carolina and South Carolina (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

chlorocephalus, Hybopsis Cope [E. D.] 1870:461 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 11 (no. 84); ref. 913] Catawba River tributaries, North Carolina, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 2755. Paralectotypes: ANSP 2756-67 (12), 2768 (1), 2803-2829 (27). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:36 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Fowler 1910:286, Pl. 19 (fig. 35) [ref. 19840]. •Valid as Notropis chlorocephalus (Cope 1870) -- (Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:254 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:141 [ref. 18983], Wood & Mayden 1992 [ref. 19895], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:268 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Hydrophlox chlorocephalus (Cope 1870) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hydrophlox chlorocephalus (Cope 1870). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: North Carolina and South Carolina (eastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

choerocephalus, Oreoleuciscus Warpachowski [N. A.] 1889:72, Pl. 3 (figs. 4, 5a) [Monograph of the new genus of cyprinid fishes (Oreoleuciscus).; ref. 17829] Lake Airik Nor [Lake Airag] , Mongolia. Holotype (unique): ZIN 6414 (head, lost). Name misspelled hoerocephalus once in caption to Pl. 3. •Questionably a synonym of Oreoleuciscus pewzowi (Herzenstein 1883), subspecies altus Warpachowski 1889 -- (Berg 1949:540 [ref. 20661]). •Questionably a synonym of Oreoleuciscus potanini (Kessler 1879) -- (Bogutskaya 2001:23 [ref. 26833], Kottelat 2006:45 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Uncertain as Oreoleuciscus potanini (Kessler 1879). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

chorensis, Phoxinus lagowskii Rendahl [H.] 1928:58 [Arkiv för Zoologi v. 20 A (pt 1) (no. 1); ref. 3702] Ussuri and Sungari systems, from eastern slope of Sichota-Alin range to Japanese seas. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski 1869 -- (Luo in Chen et al. 1998:85 [ref. 23878]). •Synonym of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski 1869, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Yang & Hwang 1964:27 [ref. 13497], Cheng & Zhou 1997:110 [ref. 26385]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris lagowskii (Dybowski 1869) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2008:332 [ref. 30085]). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchocypris lagowskii (Dybowski 1869). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

chowanus, Notropis altipinnis Hubbs [C. L.] & Raney [E. C.] 1948:10 [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 506; ref. 11717] Waqua Creek, a tributary of Nottoway River, near Rawlings, Brunswick County, Virginia, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 94515. Paratypes: CUMV 10569 (65), UMMZ 94516 (5), USNM 101338 (9). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis altipinnis (Cope 1870) -- (Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:59 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Hudsonius altipinnis (Cope 1870). Current status: Synonym of Hudsonius altipinnis (Cope 1870). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

chrosomus, Hybopsis Jordan [D. S.] 1877:333 [Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York v. 11 (nos 11-12) (art. 29); ref. 2373] Tributary of Etowah River, near Rome, Georgia, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 17881. Paralectotypes: ANSP 19843-45 (3); BMNH 1880.1.21.40 (1); MCZ 24373 (1); MNHN A-1292 (3); UF 115514 [ex Butler Univ. 332]; USNM 203857 [ex USNM 127881] (1), 329144 [ex Butler Univ. 332] (48). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:66 [ref. 19574], Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:59-60 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Swift in Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042]. •Valid as Notropis chrosomus (Jordan 1877) -- (Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:255 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:142 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:55 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:215 [ref. 22809], Schmidt & Gold 1995:200 [ref. 22413], Mettee et al. 1996:251 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:59-60 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:108 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:238 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:28 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:270 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Hydrophlox chrosomus (Jordan 1877) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Hydrophlox chrosomus (Jordan 1877). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Alabama, Georgia and southeastern Tennessee (southeastern U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

chrysitis, Dionda Girard [C. F.] 1856:178 [14] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Live Oak Creek, presumed tributary of Rio Pecos, Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 5071-72 (2), MCZ 1678 [ex USNM 37] (1), USNM 37 (1, osteol.). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:60 [ref. 23395]. On p. 14 of separate. •Synonym of Dionda episcopa Girard 1856 -- (authors). •Synonym of Dionda argentosa Girard 1856 -- (Gilbert 1998:60 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Dionda argentosa Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

chrysocephalus, Luxilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:238 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Creek about 6 miles south-southwest of Danville, off state highway 35, Lincoln County, Kentucky, U.S.A. Neotype: UMMZ 174539. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:60 [ref. 23395], Gilbert 2009:159 [ref. 30728]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:48 [ref. 3592]. Neotype designated by Gilbert 1964:160 [ref. 12397]. •Valid as Notropis chrysocephalus (Rafinesque 1820) -- (Gilbert 1964:157 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:256 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:177 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:207 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:62 [ref. 14674], Scott & Crossman 1998:383 [ref. 24570]). •Valid as Luxilus chrysocephalus Rafinesque 1820 -- (Page & Burr 1991:110 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:50 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:182 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:378 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:149 [ref. 25560], Stauffer et al. 1995:95 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:71 [ref. 23394], Mettee et al. 1996:201 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:60 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:90 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:23 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:164 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:78 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:118 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:192 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:22 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, Page & Burr 2011:220 [ref. 31215] with 2 subspecies, Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:92 [ref. 35886], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Luxilus chrysocephalus Rafinesque 1820. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: eastern and central U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

chrysogaster, Agosia Girard [C. F.] 1856:187 [23] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Río Santa Cruz, Sonora, Mexico. Syntypes: MCZ 1957 [ex USNM 81] (1), USNM 81 (orig. 8, now 0, 3 pharyngeal arches as #2684). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:60 [ref. 23395]. On p. 23 of separate. •Valid as Rhinichthys chrysogaster (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1998:60 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:147 [ref. 25838]). •Valid as Agosia chrysogaster Girard 1856 -- (Branson et al. 1960:219 [ref. 41482], Lee et al. 1980:141 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:79 [ref. 18983], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:9 [ref. 22290], Nelson et al. 2004:68 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:10 [ref. 28940], Miller 2006:103 [ref. 28615], Minckley & Marsh 2009:110 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:175 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:68 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:66 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:163 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Agosia chrysogaster Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southwestern North America: Southwestern U.S.A. (New Mexico and Arizona), and Pacific watersheds of Sinaloa and Sonora (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

chrysoprasius, Cyprinus Pallas [P. S.] 1814:318 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Upper reaches of the river Kuchuk-Karasu at Krasna Sloboda village, a tributary of Biyuk-Karasu, a tributary of Salhir, Crimea, 44°58ʹ26ʺN, 34°44ʹ19" [rocky banks of mountainous rivulets of the Crimea Peninsula]. Neotype: ZFMK 93640-59. Neotype designated by Bogutskaya et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40045]. •Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:74 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2007:156 [ref. 29201]). •Valid as Phoxinus chrysoprasius (Pallas 1814) -- (Bogutskaya et al. 2023:10 [ref. 40045], Dyldin et al. 2023:[36] [ref. 40328] with question, Artaev et al. 2024:301 [ref. 40926]). Current status: Valid as Phoxinus chrysoprasius (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Distribution: Southeast Europe: Salhir River drainage (Crimea). Habitat: freshwater.

chrysopterus, Leuciscus DeKay [J. E.] 1842:211, Pl. 30 (fig. 95) [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] Harbor of New York, New York, U.S.A. Syntypes: New York State coll. (whereabouts unknown). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:60 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817) -- (Smith 1986:157 [ref. 22186]). •Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814) -- (Gilbert 1998:60 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

chuanchicus, Squalius Kessler [K. F.] 1876:23 [v. 2 (pt 4); ref. 2595] Huang He River, China. Holotype (unique): ZIN 2483. •Synonym of Genghis mongolicus (Kessler 1876) -- (Howes 1984:290 [ref. 5312]). •Valid as Leuciscus chuanchicus (Kessler 1876) -- (Wu & Wu 1992:270 [ref. 21205], Luo in Chen et al. 1998:68 [ref. 23878], Kottelat 2006:87 [ref. 28831], Zhang et al. 2016:53 [ref. 34477]). Current status: Valid as Leuciscus chuanchicus (Kessler 1876). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: China. Habitat: freshwater.

chub, Cyprinus Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Pennant) 1788:195, Pl. 77 (fig. 323) [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Rivers of Europe. No types known. Not available, described in synonymy of Cyprinus cephalus Linnaeus 1758. Based on 'The Chub' of Pennant 1769:313 [ref. 18527]. •In the synonymy of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:64 [ref. 22952]). •In the synonymy of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

churchilli, Hybognathus Hildebrand [S. F.] 1932:259, Fig. 1 [Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences v. 22 (no. 9); ref. 16375] Near mouth of Cherry Creek, Cheyenne River, Haakon County, South Dakota, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 92248. Paratypes: USNM 92287-88 (4, 3), 125034 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:60-61 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Hybognathus placitus Girard 1856 -- (Gilbert 1998:60-61 [ref. 23395], Scheuer et al. 2003:7 [ref. 26691]). Current status: Synonym of Hybognathus placitus Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cii, Leuciscus Richardson [J.] 1857:375 [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1856 (pt 24) (art. 2); ref. 18632] Gemlek [Gemelik] River, north of Bursa, northwestern Turkey. Lectotype: BMNH 1865.5.2.8-9 (99.5 mm SL specimen). Paralectotypes: BMNH 1856.5.2.8-9 (1 of 2). •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:65 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1997:172 [ref. 23566]). •Valid as Squalius cii (Richardson 1857) -- (Stoumboudi et al. 2006:133 [ref. 28767], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:265 [ref. 29996] as cf. cii, Turan et al. 2009:61 [ref. 30540], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2010:53 [ref. 30905], Özuluğ & Freyhof 2011:130 [ref. 31360], Turan et al. 2013:322 [ref. 32584], Barbieri et al. 2015:67 [ref. 35029] as cf. cii dated 1856, Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Bayçelebi et al. 2022:279 [ref. 39463], Çiçek et al. 2023:411 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:257 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Squalius cii (Richardson 1857). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: southern Marmara Sea basin and (Kara) Menderes River (northwestern Anatolia, Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

cilicicus, Pseudophoxinus Saç [G.], Özuluğ [M.], Geiger [M. F.] & Freyhof [J.] 2019:111, Figs. 3-7 [Zootaxa 4671 (no. 1); ref. 36976] River Seyhan below water regulation doors at Yüreyir, south of Adana, Adana province, Turkey, 36.9757°N, 35.3354°E. Holotype: IUSHM 2018-1405. Paratypes: FSJF, IUSHM. Plus additional non-type material. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus cilicicus Saç, Özuluğ, Geiger & Freyhof 2019 -- (Bayçelebi 2020:756 [ref. 37964], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:403 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:241 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophoxinus cilicicus Saç, Özuluğ, Geiger & Freyhof 2019. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: lower Seyhan and Ceyhan River drainages and Arsuz stream, Mediterranean coast (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

cisalpinus, Leucos Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1038 [48] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] On p. 48 of separate [ref. 2067]. Name only, not available; also later in Bonaparte 1845:6 [ref. 13472] as name in synonymy. •In the synonymy of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:76 [ref. 22952]). •In the synonymy of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 2014). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

cisalpinus, Leucos Heckel [J. J.] 1851:315 [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 7 (pt 2); ref. 18258] Lake Bracciano, Italy. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Taken from Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952] as available by reference to [De] Filippi 1844, but more investigation needed since the name Leucos cisalpinus appeared as a name in synonymy prior to Heckel 1851. •Synonym of Rutilus aula (Bonaparte 1841) -- (Kottelat 1997:77 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Current status: Synonym of Leucos aula (Bonaparte 1841). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ciscoides, Pogonichthys Hopkirk [J. D.] 1974:30, Pl. 1 [University of California Publications in Zoology v. 96 (for 1973); ref. 2199] Clear Lake at Soda Bay, Lake County, California, U.S.A. Holotype: CAS 24026. Paratypes: CAS 20900 (3), 22896 (1), 22899 (1), 22907 (2), 24027-30 (6, 1, 4, 2). Additional material: CAS 18144 (6), 23906 (8), 22885 (1), 22887-88 (2, 2), 22891 (1), 22898 (1), 22900 (2); CAS-SU 33851 (6); UMMZ 197410 [ex CAS 22907] (3), 197411 [ex CAS 24029] (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395]. Appeared first (and unavailable) in Hopkirk 1968:414 [ref. 2198] without distinguishing features. •Valid as Pogonichthys ciscoides Hopkirk 1974 [but presumably extinct] -- (Lee et al. 1980:345 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:67 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395], Moyle 2002:150 [ref. 26449], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:36 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:159 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:77 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:75 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pogonichthys ciscoides Hopkirk 1974. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Western North America: Clear Lake and tributaries, California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

civilis, Hybognathus Cope [E. D.] 1885:167 [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 22 (for 19 Dec. 1884); ref. 18038] Creek from lare spring in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. Syntypes: ANSP 19313-40 (28), 19406-28 (23), 19429-33 (5, missing). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Dionda melanops Girard 1856 -- (Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Dionda melanops Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

clathratus, Squalius Blanchard [C. E.] 1866:398, Fig. 94 [Les poissons des eaux douces de la France; ref. 310] Lot River in Cahors, France. Lectotype: MNHN A-2260. Paralectotypes: MNHN B-2589 [ex MNHN A-2260] (1), A-2261 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:63 [ref. 19574], Almaça 1969:1125 [ref. 20712]. Lectotype selected by Almaça 1969:1125 [ref. 20712]. •Synonym of Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:65 [ref. 22952]). •Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Current status: Synonym of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

clevelandi, Phoxinus (Tigoma) Eigenmann [C. H.] & Eigenmann [R. S.] 1889:149 [12] [West American Scientist v. 6 (no. 49) (for Nov. 1889); ref. 12402] Aetna Springs, Napa County, California, U.S.A. [locality probably erroneous]. Syntypes: BMNH 1891.5.19.196 (1), CAS-SU 630 (1), USNM 41923 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:36 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395]. On p. 12 of separate. •Synonym of Richardsonius egregius (Girard 1858) -- (La Rivers 1994:399 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Richardsonius egregius (Girard 1858). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cleveza, Cyprinus Pallas [P. S.] (ex Güldenstädt) 1814:329 [Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica v. 3; ref. 3351] Solotaja Kossa/Zolotaya Kosa, about 22 kilometers south-southwest of Taganrog, Rostov Oblast, Russia, Sea of Azov. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Based on Cyprinus kleweza of Güldenstädt 1791. Also described in Pallas 1831:329 [ref. 30187]. •Synonym of Abramis sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Berg 1949:781 [ref. 20661], Kottelat 1997:44 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:55 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814) -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:133 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:224 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Ballerus sapa (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

clupeoides, Cyprinus Pallas [P. S.] 1776:704 [Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reiches; ref. 18509] Terek River, Caspian Sea basin, Russia. No types known. Spelled clupoides in Walbaum 1792:32. •Synonym of Chalcalburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Coad 1995:15 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:53 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:59 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772) -- (Bogutskaya 1997:165 [ref. 23566], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:125 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:214 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt 1772). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

coadi, Alburnoides Mousavi-Sabet [H.], Vatandoust [S.] & Doadrio [I.] 2015:308, Figs. 9-11 [Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences v. 13 (no. 4); ref. 34153] Namroud River, Hableroud River drainage, Kavir basin, Tehran Province, Iran, 35°43'N, 52°39'E. Holotype: VMFC-ALK2-H. Paratypes: GUIC, VMFC. •Valid as Alburnoides coadi Mousavi-Sabet, Vatandoust & Doadrio 2015 -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2016:177 [ref. 34375], Esmaeili et al. 2017:32 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36089]). •Synonym of Alburnoides namaki Bogutskaya & Coad 2009 -- (Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:117 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:206 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Alburnoides namaki Bogutskaya & Coad 2009. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cobitis, Tiaroga Girard [C. F.] 1856:204 [40] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Rio San Pedro, a tributary of Rio Gila, Arizona, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 5352 (1, missing), ?MCZ 1960 [ex USNM 155] (1), MNHN 0000-0405 and 0000-0406 [ex USNM 155] (2); USNM 155 (orig. 10, now 1 pharyngeal bone). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395]. On p. 40 of separate. •Valid as Rhinichthys cobitis (Girard 1856) -- (Page & Burr 1991:103 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395], Marsh et al. 2003:666 [ref. 27424], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:38 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:208 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:77 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Tiaroga cobitis Girard 1856 -- (Lee et al. 1980:365 [ref. 22416], Propst & Bestgen 1991 [ref. 21028], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:21 [ref. 22290], Miller 2006:141 [ref. 28615], Minckley & Marsh 2009:172 [ref. 31114], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:180 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Tiaroga cobitis Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southwestern North America: Gila River system, New Mexico and Arizona (western U.S.A.), and Sonora (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

coccogenis, Hypsilepis Cope [E. D.] 1868:160 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 19; ref. 7316] Holston River, Virginia, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 36849. Paralectotypes: ANSP 3561-3650 (90), 5379 (1), 3651-56 (6), 3657-58 (2), 3659 (1), 3660 (1); BMNH 1868.1.10.3 [from Cope] (1); MNHN 0000-4852 (1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1948:65 [ref. 19574], Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395]. Original genus should have been Hypsolepis. Lectotype selected by Jordan & Evermann 1896:285 [ref. 2443] and by Gilbert 1964:123 [ref. 12397]. •Valid as Notropis coccogenis (Cope 1868) -- (Gilbert 1978:37 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:257 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Luxilus coccogenis (Cope 1868) -- (Page & Burr 1991:113 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:51 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:185 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:367 [ref. 21581], Mettee et al. 1996:203 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:90 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:193 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:22 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:224 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Coccotis coccogenis (Cope 1868) -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:313 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Coccotis coccogenis (Cope 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

coerulea, Cheonda Girard [C. F.] 1856:207 [43] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Lost River, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 237 (plus pharyngeal arches as #2790). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:61 [ref. 23395]. On p. 43 of separate. Clearly spelled "oe" in text and index [see "ae" spelling for other species in same work]. •Valid as Klamathella coerulea (Girard 1856) -- (Smith et al. 2002: 211 [ref. 36187], Tan & Armbruster 2018:18 [ref. 36121]). •Valid as Gila coerulea (Girard 1856) -- (Lee et al. 1980:162 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:76 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:61-62 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:74 [ref. 25838], Moyle 2002:128 [ref. 26449], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:18 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Gila coerulea (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: Oregon and California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

colchicum, Chondrostoma Derjugin [K. M.] (ex Kessler) 1899:164 [17], Pl. 9 (figs. 2-3) [Ezhegodnik, Zoologicheskago Muzeya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk v. 4 (1899); ref. 14708] Rion River and Tchoroch River and tributary near Batumi, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: ZIN 5298-99 (2, 3), 11505 (1), 11517 (1). On p. 17 of separate. •Valid as Chondrostoma colchicum Derjugin 1899 -- (Berg 1949:626 [ref. 20661], Elvira 1987:118 [ref. 6743], Elvira 1991:148 [ref. 20036], Bogutskaya 1997:151 [ref. 23277], Bogutskaya 1997:169 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:736 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:60 [ref. 23589], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:83 [ref. 28183], Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Fricke et al. 2007:37 [ref. 29533], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251], Bayçelebi et al. 2015:786 [ref. 41410], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Çiçek et al. 2020:251 [ref. 37644], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Çiçek et al. 2023:395 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[31] [ref. 40328], Küçük et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39929], Çiçek et al. 2024:226 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Chondrostoma colchicum Derjugin 1899. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Black Sea watersheds (Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia). Habitat: freshwater.

colchicus, Phoxinus phoxinus Berg [L. S.] 1910:169 [Zoologicheskago Muzeya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk v. 15; ref. 19593] Bachvis Tzchali [Bachwis-tzchali] River in Ozurgety District, Georgia, Eurasia. Holotype (unique): ZMT 141a. Based on Phoxinus laevis of Kamensky 1901:62-63 [ref. 14761]. See also Reshetnikov et al. 1997:740 [ref. 24702]. •Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758), but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:591 [ref. 20661], Lelek 1987:217 [ref. 22962], Bogutskaya 1997:174-175 [ref. 23566], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:167 [ref. 31251]). •Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:74 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:68 [ref. 23589], Sideleva 2001:51 [ref. 26181], Sideleva 2003:9 [ref. 27815], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:170 [ref. 28369] as colhicus). •Valid as Phoxinus colchicus Berg 1910 -- (Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:93 [ref. 28183], Kottelat 2007:156 [ref. 29201], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:83 [ref. 29996], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:226 [ref. 29996], Bayçelebi et al. 2015:787 [ref. 41410], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:662 [ref. 34853] mention, Çiçek et al. 2016:117 [ref. 35152], Palandačić et al. 2017:3 [ref. 35519], Çiçek et al. 2020:253 [ref. 37644], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Çiçek et al. 2023:416 [ref. 40625], Dyldin et al. 2023:[36] [ref. 40328], Turan et al. 2023:6 [ref. 40351], Bayçelebi et al. 2024:106 [ref. 40795], Çiçek et al. 2024:267 [ref. 40789], Artaev et al. 2024:301 [ref. 40926]). Current status: Valid as Phoxinus colchicus Berg 1910. Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Distribution: Eurasia: Caucasian Black Sea basin (Georgia, Russia and Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

collis, Notropis cummingsae Hubbs [C. L.] & Raney [E. C.] 1951:16, Pl. 1 (fig. 3) [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 535; ref. 12775] Roses Creek, 1.5 miles south of Smyrna on state highway 181, Catawba River system, Burke County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 160557. Paratypes: CUMV 11218 (3), 11269 (9); UMMZ 94553 (1), 94556-57 (1, 17), 160558 (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:62 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis cummingsae Myers 1925 -- (Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:259 [ref. 22416], Gilbert 1998:62 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Pteronotropis cummingsae (Myers 1925). Current status: Synonym of Pteronotropis cummingsae (Myers 1925). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

colobocephala, Alburnus lucidus var. Fatio [V.] 1882:429 [Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse Part 1; ref. 1308] Regarded by Kottelat as infrasubspecific and not available. •Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:46 [ref. 22952]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

columbianus, Rutilus Snyder [J. O.] 1908:92, Fig. 4 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 27 (Doc. 636) (for 1907); ref. 10251] Warm Springs, near Harney Lake, Harney County, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 55595. Paratypes: ANSP 39126-27 (2); CAS-SU 4106 (2), 9816 (23), 28789 (5); UMMZ 139030 (6); USNM 59841 (3), 117490 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:38 [ref. 12291], Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:62 [ref. 23395]. Appeared first as Scofield in Jordan & Evermann 1896:250 [ref. 2442] without description. •Synonym of Gila bicolor (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Gilbert 1998:62 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Scharpf 2005:41 [ref. 28940]). Current status: Synonym of Siphateles bicolor (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Oregon, U.S.A. [subspecies columbianus]. Habitat: freshwater.

comalis, Notropis Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1886:24 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 549) (for 14 Aug. 1886); ref. 10626] Not available, manuscript name mentioned in passing under Notropis deliciosus. •Nomen nudum -- (Gilbert 1978:22 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:62 [ref. 23395]). Nomen Nudum. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae.

comes, Leuciscus Costa [O. G.] 1838:Cyprinoides p. 26, Pl. 18, bis [Fauna del regno di Napoli Part 1; ref. 976] Italy. No types known. •Synonym of Leuciscus muticellus Bonaparte 1837 -- (Kottelat 1997:69 [ref. 22952]). •Valid as Telestes comes (Costa 1838) -- (Bianco & Delmastro 2011:4 [ref. 31648], Bianco 2013:8 [ref. 32897]). Current status: Valid as Telestes comes (Costa 1838). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Apulia and Campania, Italy. Habitat: freshwater.

communis, Leuciscus rutilus var. Yakovlev [V. E.] 1873:334 [Priroda (Moscow) v. 1, book 2, pt 2; ref. 19640] Volga River Delta, Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

communis, Leuciscus rutilus var. Rossikov [K. M.] 1895:No. 53 [Kavkazskoe Sel'skoe Khozyajstvo 54-56; ref. 23013] Terek River, Mosdok. No types known. •Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]) Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

communis, Pogonichthys Girard [C. F.] 1856:188 [24] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Fort Pierre; Fort Union and above Fort Union; Milk River; Yellowstone River; Sweetwater River, a tributary of Platt River, U.S.A. Syntypes: MCZ 35938 (2); UMMZ 56283 (1); USNM 181 [= 20107] (34 spec., 5 pharyngeal arches), 184 (2 arches), 185 (now 0), 186 [= 20300] (orig. 6, now 4), 187 (2 arches), 188 (2 arches), 189 (1 spec, 2 arches). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:62-63 [ref. 23395]. On p. 24 of separate. •Synonym of Platygobio gracilis (Richardson 1836) -- (Gilbert 1998:62-63 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:487 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Platygobio gracilis (Richardson 1836). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

complanata, Moniana Girard [C. F.] 1856:200 [36] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Rio Grande (or tributary), Brownsville, Cameron County, Texas, U.S.A. Syntypes: (3) USNM 94 (orig 3, now 0, 1 pharyngeal arch as # 2694). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:63 [ref. 23395]. On p. 36 of separate. •Synonym of Notropis lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Mayden 1989:50 [ref. 12555], Gilbert 1998:63 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

compressa, Lavinia Ayres [W. O.] 1854:14 [The Pacific [newspaper] v. 3 and 4 (thru no. 6); ref. 157] San Francisco markets, California, U.S.A. [form lower waters of Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers]. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:63 [ref. 23395]. Appeared first as above on 22 Dec.; then in Ayres 1855:21 [ref. 18923]. •Synonym of Lavinia exilicauda Baird & Girard 1854, subspecies exilicauda -- (Gilbert 1998:63 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Lavinia exilicauda Baird & Girard 1854. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

compressus, Cyprinus Hollberg [L.] 1822:66, Fig. [Beskrifning öfver Bohuslänske fiskarne v. 5; ref. 18297] Canals in Götheborg, Sweden. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Based on Cyprinus americanus of Gmelin and Lacepède. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

compressus, Rutilus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1820:240 [Western Review and Miscellaneous Magazine: a monthly publ., devoted to literature and science, Lexington, KY v. 2 (no. 4); ref. 7310] Monongahela, Kenhaway and Potomac rivers, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:63 [ref. 23395]. Also in Rafinesque 1820:51 [ref. 3592]. •Status uncertain, probably a synonym of Notropis cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042]). •Status uncertain, probably a synonym of Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1998:63 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Uncertain as Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

confertus, Hyborhynchus Girard [C. F.] 1856:179 [15] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Hurrah Creek, tributary of Rio Pecos, near Santa Rosa, Guadalupe County New Mexico, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 5611 (1), MCZ 1802 [ex USNM 147] (1), USNM 147 (orig. 10, now 2 pharyngeal arches as #2725). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:63-64 [ref. 23395]. On p. 15 of separate. •Synonym of Pimephales promelas Rafinesque 1820 -- (Gilbert 1998:63-64 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:481 [ref. 24570], Minckley & Marsh 2009:187 [ref. 31114], Fricke et al. 2024:178 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Pimephales promelas Rafinesque 1820. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

conformis, Lavinia Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] in Girard 1854:137 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 1817] Posa Creek, just north of Bakersfield, San Joaquin basin, California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 231 (plus 1 pharyngeal arch as #2785). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:64 [ref. 23395]. Author is S. F. Baird and Girard. •Synonym of Gila crassicauda (Baird & Girard 1854) -- (Gilbert 1998:64 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Gila crassicauda (Baird & Girard 1854). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

conocephala, Gila Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] in Girard 1854:135 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 1817] San Joaquin River, California, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 243 (plus pair pharyngeal arches as #2795). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:64 [ref. 23395]. Author is S. F. Baird and Girard. •Valid as Mylopharodon conocephalus (Baird & Girard 1854) -- (Lee et al. 1980:209 [ref. 22416], Mayden et al. 1991:819 [ref. 19123], Page & Burr 1991:69 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:64 [ref. 23395], Moyle 2002:151 [ref. 26449], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:25 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:161 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Mylopharodon conocephalus (Baird & Girard 1854). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

conspersa, Gila Garman [S.] 1881:91 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 8 (no. 3); ref. 1530] Río Nazas, probably state of Coahuila, Mexico. Syntypes: MCZ 24879-80 (9, 1); UMMZ 86635 [ex MCZ 24879] (3); USNM [ex MCZ 24879] (3). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:64 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Gila conspersa Garman 1881 -- (Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:15 [ref. 22290], Gilbert 1998:64 [ref. 23395], Norris et al. 2003:24 [ref. 26757], Nelson et al. 2004:70 [ref. 27807], Miller 2006:120 [ref. 28615], Scharpf 2005:18 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Ballesteros-Córdova et al. 2020:216 [ref. 37371], Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:172 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Gila conspersa Garman 1881. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Southern North America: endorheic Nazas-Aguanaval basin, Coahuila, Durango and Zacatecas (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

cooglei, Notropis Hildebrand [S. F.] & Towers [I. L.] 1928:118, Fig. 3 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 43 (pt 2, 1927); ref. 15897] Pelucia Creek, south of Greenwood, Leflore County, Mississippi, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 88379. Paratypes: (214) UMMZ 167162-66 [ex USNM] (8, 10, 8, 4, 4); USNM 127019-24 (29, 1, 46, 26, 63 or 62, 22). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:64-65 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Notropis venustus (Girard 1856) -- (Gibbs 1957:180 [ref. 21244], Gilbert 1978:38 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856 -- (Mayden 1989:78 [ref. 12555], Gilbert 1998:64-65 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cooperi, Cheonda Girard [C. F.] 1856:207 [43] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Fort Vancouver, Columbia River, Vancouver, southern Washington, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 238. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:65 [ref. 23395]. On p. 43 of separate. •Hybrid between Mylocheilus caurinus x Richardsonius balteatus balteatus -- (Gilbert 1998:65 [ref. 23395]). Hybrid. Current status: Synonym. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

copei, Squalius Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1881:461 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 175); ref. 10606] Tributary of Bear River at Evanston, Uinta County, Wyoming, U.S.A. Syntypes: (numerous) BMNH 1881.3.14.224 [ex USNM 27409] (1), USNM 27409 (orig. 8, now 2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:65 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Gila copei Jordan & Gilbert 1881 -- (Lee et al. 1980:163 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:76 [ref. 18983], Baxter & Stone 1995:70 [ref. 23374], Sigler & Sigler 1996:76 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:65 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:75 [ref. 25838]). •Valid as Snyderichthys copei (Jordan & Gilbert 1881) -- (Simons & Mayden 1997:194 [ref. 24948], Nelson et al. 2004:78 [ref. 27807]). •Valid as Lepidomeda copei (Jordan & Gilbert 1881) -- (Scharpf 2005:22 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:180 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:71 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Lepidomeda copei (Jordan & Gilbert 1881). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Distribution: North America: Wyoming, Idaho and Utah (western U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

copii, Leuciscus Günther [A.] 1868:255 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] St. Josephs River and its tributary Dawagiac River, Michigan, U.S.A. Syntypes: ANSP 2577 (1) Flint R., BMNH 1868.1.10.24 (3) Walker Creek, MCZ 4688 (2) St. Josephs River and Dowagiac Creek, MNHN 0000-4688 (1) Dowagiac Creek. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:38-39 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:65 [ref. 23395]. Replacement name for Alburnellus jaculus Cope 1867, preoccupied by Cyprinus jaculus Jurine 1825 when both are in Alburnellus. •Synonym of Notropis rubellus (Agassiz 1850) -- (Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:65 [ref. 23395], Wood et al. 2002:39 [ref. 26600]). Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Notropis rubellus (Agassiz 1850). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cordilla, Leuciscus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Savi) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1844:291 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 17; ref. 1010] Italy. No types known. •Questionably a synonym of Alburnus albidus (Costa 1838) -- (Kottelat 1997:45 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Uncertain as Alburnus albidus (Costa 1838). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

coriacea, Moapa Hubbs [C. L.] & Miller [R. R.] 1948:8, Fig. 1B; Pl. 1 (fig. 1) [Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan No. 507; ref. 2258] Home Ranch, one of the sources of Moapa River [Muddy River], Clark County, Nevada, U.S.A. Holotype: UMMZ 143186. Paratypes: CAS-SU 18474 [ex UMMZ 124822] (7); UMMZ 124822 (267, now 257), 133545 (10, now 0); USNM 112067 [ex UMMZ 133545] (10). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Moapa coriacea Hubbs & Miller 1948 -- (Lee et al. 1980:207 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:79 [ref. 18983], La Rivers 1994:436 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395], Fuller et al. 1999:95 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:24 [ref. 28940], Minckley & Marsh 2009:156 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:175 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Gila coriacea (Hubbs & Miller 1948) -- (Smith et al. 2002: 211 [ref. 36187], Tan & Armbruster 2018:18 [ref. 36121], Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Gila coriacea (Hubbs & Miller 1948). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: North America: southeastern Nevada (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

cornutus, Cyprinus Mitchill [S. L.] 1817:289 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 1; ref. 17776] Wallkill [Walkill] River, 3 miles southwest of New Paltz, Ulster County, New York, U.S.A. Neotype: UMMZ 174540. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395]. Also appeared in Mitchill 1818:324 [ref. 30214]. Neotype designated by Gilbert 1964:142 [ref. 12397]. •Synonym of Luxilus chrysocephalus Rafinesque 1820 -- (Ross et al. 2001:166 [ref. 25978]). •Valid as Notropis cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1964:140 [ref. 12397], Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:258 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:178 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:62 [ref. 14674]). •Valid as Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Meagher & Dowling 1991:979 [ref. 22441], Page & Burr 1991:110 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:376 [ref. 21581], Baxter & Stone 1995:80 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:97 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:72 [ref. 23394], Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:448 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:91 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:23 [ref. 26594], Nelson et al. 2004:72 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:79 [ref. 27882], Scharpf 2005:22 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, Kottelat 2006:87 [ref. 28831], Page & Burr 2011:221 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:72 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:72 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: U.S.A. and Canada. Habitat: freshwater.

corporalis, Cyprinus Mitchill [S. L.] 1817:289 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 1; ref. 17776] Wallkill [Walkill] River, New York, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395]. Also appeared in Mitchill 1818:324 [ref. 30124]. •Synonym of Semotilus atromaculatus (Mitchill 1818) -- (Ross et al. 2001:235 [ref. 25978]). •Valid as Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817) -- (Lee et al. 1980:362 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:155 [ref. 22186], McAllister 1990:66 [ref. 14674], Page & Burr 1991:88 [ref. 18983], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:306 [ref. 21581], Stauffer et al. 1995:170 [ref. 23376], Chereshnev 1996:601 [ref. 24659], Simons & Mayden 1997:188 [ref. 24948], Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:511 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:155 [ref. 25838], Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:40 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:188 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:78 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:76 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Plagopterinae. Distribution: North America: U.S.A. and Canada. Habitat: freshwater.

coskuncelebii, Alburnoides Turan [D.], Kaya [C.], Aksu [İ.], Bayçelebi [E.] & Bektaş [Y.] 2019:204 [4], Figs. 2-3 [Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters v. 29 (no. 3) IEF-1107; ref. 37022] Stream Aksu at Gölköy, Düzce Province, Turkey, 40°45'49"N, 30°57'43"E. Holotype: FFR 07007. Paratypes: FFR 07005 (73). Type catalog: Kaya et al. 2021:413 [ref. 38688]. •Valid as Alburnoides coskuncelebii Turan, Kaya, Aksu, Bayçelebi & Bektaş 2019 -- (Kaya 2020:421 [ref. 37444], Çiçek et al. 2020:250 [ref. 37644], Çiçek et al. 2023:383 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2024:201 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Alburnoides coskuncelebii Turan, Kaya, Aksu, Bayçelebi & Bektaş 2019. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Büyük Melen River basin and coastal streams Çayağzı in Düzce province and Alaplı in Zonguldak province, southwestern Black Sea watershed (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater.

coskuncelebii, Alburnoides Turan [D.], Kaya [C.], Aksu [İ.], Bayçelebi [E.] & Bektaş [Y.] in Bektaş, Aksu, Kaya, Bayçelebi, Atasaral, Ekmekçi & Turan 2019:[1] [Mitochondrial DNA Part A v. 30 (no. 7); ref. 36964] Büyük Melen Stream, western Anatolia, Turkey. No types known. Name only, not available. •In the synonymy of Alburnoides coskuncelebii Turan, Kaya, Aksu, Bayçelebi & Bektaş 2019 -- (Çiçek et al. 2023:383 [ref. 40625]). Nomen Nudum. Current status: Synonym of Alburnoides coskuncelebii Turan, Kaya, Aksu, Bayçelebi & Bektaş 2019. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

costatus, Leuciscus Fowler [H. W.] 1899:180 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 51; ref. 17572] Tan lan Ho River, tributary of Shu lan Ho, about 30 miles northeast of Lama-miau or Dolon-nor, Pechili Province, China. Syntypes: ANSP 16383-85 (3), 16386 (1, c&s). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:73 [ref. 13621]. •Synonym of Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski 1869, subspecies oxycephalus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant 1874) -- (Berg 1949:583 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya 1998:67 [ref. 23589]). •Valid as Rhynchocypris costata (Fowler 1899) -- (Howes 1985:60 [ref. 5274] as costatus). •Synonym of Phoxinus oxycephalus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant 1874) -- (Luo in Chen et al. 1998:86 [ref. 23878]). •See also Reshetnikov et al. 1997:740 [ref. 24702]. •Synonym of Rhynchocypris lagowskii (Dybowski 1869) -- (Ocock et al. 2006:44 [ref. 28933]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant 1874 ) -- (Kottelat 2006:88 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant 1874). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

couchi, Dionda Girard [C. F.] 1856:178 [14] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Río San Juan, Guajuco, Monterey and Cadereita, Nuevo Leon State, Mexico. Syntypes: ANSP 5069 (1), MCZ 1780 [ex USNM 40] (1); USNM 40 (orig. 4, should be 3, now 0), 41 (orig. 5, now 4, plus 1 pair pharyngeal arches as #2654), 42 (orig. 1, now 0, 1 pair pharyngeal arches as #2655). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:74 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395]. On p. 14 of separate. Mayden et al. 1992 [ref. 29832] as first revisors selected Dionda melanops as the appropriate name for this taxon; D. couchi is a junior subjective synonym. •Synonym of Dionda episcopa Girard 1856 -- (Lee et al. 1980:154 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Dionda couchi Girard 1856 -- (Miller 2006:115 [ref. 28615]). •Synonym of Dionda melanops Girard 1856 -- (Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395], Schönhuth et al. 2008:738 [ref. 29831], Fricke et al. 2024:171 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Dionda melanops Girard 1856. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

couchi, Moniana Girard [C. F.] 1856:201 [37] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Río San Juan, near China, Nuevo León State, Mexico. Syntypes: MCZ 1795 (2); USNM 103 ? = 20227 (34 spec., 2 pharyngeal bones). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395]. On p. 37 of separate. •Synonym of Notropis lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Mayden 1989:50 [ref. 12555], Gilbert 1998:66 [ref. 23395], Fricke et al. 2024:169 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Synonym of Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

couesii, Apocope Yarrow [H. C.] in Cope & Yarrow 1875:648, Pl. 27 (figs. 2-2a) [Engineer Department, United States Army, Report upon the Geographical and Geological Explorations and Surveys west of the one hundredth Meridian v. 5 (Zoology) Chapter 6; ref. 968] Near Camp Apache [Fort Apache], 33°47'26"N, 109°59'17"W, southern Navajo County, Arizona, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:66-67 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Rhinichthys osculus (Girard 1856), subspecies osculus -- (Gilbert 1998:67 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Rhinichthys osculus (Girard 1856) -- (Minckley & Marsh 2009:172 [ref. 31114]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys osculus (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

crameri, Hybopsis Snyder [J. O.] 1908:181, Fig. 5 [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 27 (Doc. 638) (for 1907); ref. 10252] Willamette River, Oregon City, Clackamas County, Oregon, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 61574. Paratypes: CAS-SU 9863 (orig. 10, now 9), not CAS-SU 24274 (1); UMMZ ?154376 (16), 139020 [ex CAS-SU 9863] (1); USNM 58083 (11), 58088 (1), 58138 (9), 58168 (10), 61575 (2), 124977 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:32 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1998:67 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Hybopsis crameri Snyder 1908 -- (Lee et al. 1980:183 [ref. 22416]). •Valid as Oregonichthys crameri (Snyder 1908) -- (Markle et al. 1991:281 [ref. 21027], Page & Burr 1991:83 [ref. 18983], Gilbert 1998:67 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:76 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:34 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:177 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:76 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:74 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Oregonichthys crameri (Snyder 1908). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Western North America: Oregon (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

crassa, Leuciscus rutilus var. Fatio [V.] 1882:499 [Faune des Vertébrés de la Suisse Part 1; ref. 1308] Treated by Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952] as infrasubspecific and not available; from Lake Léman and Lake Lucerne. •In the synonymy of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:81 [ref. 22952]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

crassa, Tigoma Girard [C. F.] 1856:207 [43] [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1810] Sacramento River, near Fort Reading [Redding], Shasta County, California, U.S.A. Holotype: USNM 216 (plus pharyngeal arches as #2777). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:67 [ref. 23395]. On p. 43 of separate. •Synonym of Gila crassicauda (Baird & Girard 1854) -- (Gilbert 1998:67 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Gila crassicauda (Baird & Girard 1854). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

crassicauda, Lavinia Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] in Girard 1854:137 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 1817] San Francisco; San Joaquin River, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: ?ANSP 4197 (1) San Joaquin R., USNM 235 (2, plus pair pharyngeal arches as #2772) San Joaquin. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:74 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:67-68 [ref. 23395]. Author is S. F. Baird and Girard. •Valid as Gila crassicauda (Baird & Girard 1854) [but apparently extinct] -- (Lee et al. 1980:164 [ref. 22416], Gilbert 1998:67-68 [ref. 23395], Moyle 2002:127 [ref. 26449], Nelson et al. 2004:71 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:18 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:165 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Gila crassicauda (Baird & Girard 1854). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: California (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

crassilabrum, Phenacobius Minckley [W. L.] & Craddock [J. E.] 1962:369, Figs. 1a, 3a [Copeia 1962 (no. 2); ref. 6261] Elk River (tributary to Watauga River), Carter County, Tennessee, U.S.A., 36°18'N, 81°57'53"W. Holotype: UMMZ 179151. Paratypes: UMMZ 157418 (23), 157434 (29, 1 c&s). Additional material: UMMZ (10 lots). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Phenacobius crassilabrum Minckley & Craddock 1962 -- (Lee et al. 1980:331 [ref. 22416], Burkhead & Jenkins 1991:359 [ref. 21804], Page & Burr 1991:97 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:240 [ref. 22809], Jenkins et al. in Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:342 [ref. 21581], Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:76 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:34 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:202 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:76 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:74 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Phenacobius crassilabrum Minckley & Craddock 1962. Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

crassus, Acanthorutilus Ladiges [W.] 1960:134, Fig. 6 [Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut v. 58; ref. 9361] Insuyu stream, near Cihanbeyli, Lake Tuz basin, Turkey. Holotype: ZMH H1149. Paratypes: ZMH H1150 (2). Type catalog: Wilkens 1977:157 [ref. 22013]. •Valid as Pseudophoxinus crassus (Ladiges 1960) -- (Bogutskaya 1992:269 [ref. 22066], Bogutskaya 1997:157 [ref. 23277], Bogutskaya 1997:177 [ref. 23566], Hrbek et al. 2004:305 [ref. 27955], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2006:258 [ref. 28846], Bogutskaya et al. 2006:336 [ref. 29055], Küçük 2007:1 [ref. 29115], Fricke et al. 2007:44 [ref. 29533], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:317 [ref. 30686], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:243 [ref. 31039], Perea et al. 2010:4 [ref. 31802], Çiçek et al. 2015:147 [ref. 35151], Küçük et al. 2016:287 [ref. 34910], Çiçek et al. 2018:12 [ref. 36267], Çiçek et al. 2020:252 [ref. 37644], Kelleci et al. 2021:282 [ref. 38359], Çiçek et al. 2023:403 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Çiçek et al. 2024:242 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Pseudophoxinus crassus (Ladiges 1960). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Asia Minor: Tuz Gölü tributary, Konya Province (Turkey). Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

craverii, Leuciscus De Filippi [F.] in Tortonese 1940:140 [Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Università di Torino. (Ser. 3) v. 48 (no. 111); ref. 21559] Not available, manuscript name and specimens mentioned in a type catalog. Nomen Nudum. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

croaticus, Phoxinellus Steindachner [F.] 1866:594 [1], Pl. 1 [Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften v. 52 (1. Abth.); ref. 18758] Rivers in Croatia (several localities). Syntypes: (many) ?MCZ 4007 (1); MSNG 9076 (3); NMW 51064 (9), 51115-16 (2, 1), 51063 (5), 51167 (45); ZMB 6000 (1). Type catalog: Tortonese 1961:187 [ref. 10343]. On p. 1 of separate. Also in Steindachner 1866:5 [ref. 18757]. •Valid as Paraphoxinus croaticus (Steindachner 1865) -- (Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079]). •Valid as Phoxinellus croaticus Steindachner 1866 -- (Kottelat 1997:73 [ref. 22952], Zupancic & Bogutskaya 2002:415 [ref. 26818], Bogutskaya & Zupančič 2003:373 [ref. 27407]). •Valid as Telestes croaticus (Steindachner 1866) -- (Freyhof et al. 2006:418 [ref. 28484], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:282 [ref. 29996], Zupančič 2008:51 [ref. 29926], Freyhof & Özuluğ 2010:317 [ref. 30686], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Marčić et al. 2011:421 [ref. 31443], Perea et al. 2010:15 [ref. 31802], Bogutskaya et al. 2012:54, 70 [ref. 32007], Ćaleta et al. 2015:100 [ref. 34877], Ćaleta et al. 2019:168 [ref. 37026]). Current status: Valid as Telestes croaticus (Steindachner 1866). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Southeastern Europe: Jadova and Ričica River drainages (Croatia). Habitat: freshwater.

croceus, Leuciscus Storer [D. H.] 1845:48 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 2 (1845-1848); ref. 18835] Florence, Alabama, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395] •Status uncertain, most likely a synonym of Notropis longirostris (Hay 1881) -- (Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042]). •Status uncertain, most likely Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804), subspecies abtusus Agassiz 1854 [of which croceus is earlier] -- (Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395]). •Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804) -- (Boschung & Mayden 2004:279 [ref. 27995]). Current status: Synonym of Rhinichthys atratulus (Hermann 1804). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

crocophthalmus, Scardinius Walecki [A.] 1863:364 [Biblioteka Warszawska, Wiadomosci Z Nauk [Science News] v. 4; ref. 22954] Apparently an unneeded new name for Cyprinus erythrophthalmus Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:83 [ref. 22952]). Current status: Synonym of Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

crucifer, Phoxinus Gratzianov [V. I.] 1907:123, 128 [Trudy Otdela Ichtiologii Imperatorskago Russkago Obshchestva Akklimatizacii Zivotnych' i Rastenii. v. 4; ref. 1871] Vicinity of Troitskosavsk city, Selenga River basin, Lake Baikal basin, Russia. Syntypes: ZMMU P-1673 (3), P-1681 (2), P-2727 (2). Type catalog: Vasil'eva et al. 2001:22-23 [ref. 25714]. •Synonym of Eupallasella percnurus (Pallis 1814) -- (Kottelat 2006:31 [ref. 28831]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris percnurus (Pallas 1814). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchocypris percnurus (Pallas 1814). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.

cruoreus, Squalius Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1881:460 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 175); ref. 10606] Provo River, tributary to Utah Lake, Provo, Utah County, Utah, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 30806. Paralectotypes: (numerous) BMNH 1883.12.14.203 [ex USNM 30805] (1), USNM 27408 (orig. 6, now 4). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype selected by Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395]. •Synonym of Gila atraria (Girard 1856) -- (La Rivers 1994:395 [ref. 23389], Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Gila atraria (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Habitat: freshwater.

crysoleucas, Cyprinus Mitchill [S. L.] 1814:23 [Report, in part, of Samuel L. Mitchill; ref. 3030] Vicinity of New York City, New York, U.S.A. No types known. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395]. Also in Mitchill 1815:459 [ref. 13292]. •Valid as Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814) -- (Lee et al. 1980:219 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:132 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:196 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:60 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:83 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:66 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:53 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:199 [ref. 22809], La Rivers 1994:421 [ref. 23389], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:280 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:149 [ref. 25560], Baxter & Stone 1995:88 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:116 [ref. 23376], Cross & Collins 1995:82 [ref. 23394], Mettee et al. 1996:227 [ref. 25836], Murdy et al. 1997:86 [ref. 23144], Sigler & Sigler 1996:96 [ref. 25943], Gilbert 1998:68 [ref. 23395], Scott & Crossman 1998:434 [ref. 24570], Briolay et al. 1998:101 [ref. 25586], Fuller et al. 1999:100 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:25 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:184 [ref. 25978], Moyle 2002:164 [ref. 26449], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:129 [ref. 27816], Nelson et al. 2004:73 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:85 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:134 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:215 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:26 [ref. 28940] with subspecies, Minckley & Marsh 2009:183 [ref. 31114], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Page & Burr 2011:157 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:73 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:100 [ref. 35886], Bagley et al. 2023:314 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:73 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:176 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: North America: Atlantic and Gulf Coast drainages (Canada and U.S.A.). Introduced in Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater.

csikii, Phoxinus Hankó [B.] 1922:1, Pl. 1 (figs. 1-3) [A Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Balkán-Kutatásainak tudományos eredményei. v. 1; ref. 16373] Rožaje [Rozaj], on the Ibar River, tributary to the Zapadna Morava river, a tributary of the Danube, Montenegro, 42°50′39″N, 20°10′00″E. Neotype: NMW 98673 [ex 51266:2]. Original types MNH (2), destroyed by fire in 1956. Neotype designated by Palandačić et al. 2017:3 [ref. 35648]. •Synonym of Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Kottelat 1997:74 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2007:156 [ref. 29201]). •Valid as Phoxinus csikii Hankó 1922 -- (Palandačić et al. 2017:14 [ref. 35519], Palandačić et al. 2017:3 [ref. 35648], Denys & Manne 2019:199 [ref. 36790], Bogutskaya et al. 2019:8 [ref. 37234], Denys et al. 2020:213 [ref. 37846], Palandačić et al. 2022:[4] [ref. 39189], Palandačić et al. 2024:12 [ref. 41087]). Current status: Valid as Phoxinus csikii Hankó 1922. Leuciscidae: Phoxininae. Distribution: Europe: Danube River system: from the Balkans to Germany, and the upper Rhine basin west to Lake Geneva; introduced in the lower Rhine, Germany, The Netherlands, France, and northern Italy. Habitat: freshwater.

cubanicum, Chondrostoma colchicum See Chondrostoma colchicum kubanicum. Misspelling. Current status: Synonym of Chondrostoma kubanicum Berg 1914. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae.

cultratus, Cyprinus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:326 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Helgeån River. Holotype (unique): ZMUU Linn. Coll. 224 (poor condition). Type catalog and locality: Wheeler 1991:162 [ref. 20102]. •Valid as Pelecus cultratus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Berg 1949:810 [ref. 20661], Lelek 1987:213 [ref. 22962], Coad 1981:11 [ref. 22348], Lelek 1987:213 [ref. 22962], Mitrofanov et al. 1988:181 [ref. 37734], Coad 1995:19 [ref. 23608], Kottelat 1997:72 [ref. 22952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:739 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:66 [ref. 23589], Coad 1998:102 [ref. 23869], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Hanel 2003:52 [ref. 27894], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:98 [ref. 28183], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:170 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:254 [ref. 28804], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:219 [ref. 29996], Perea et al. 2010:16 [ref. 31802], Esmaeili et al. 2010:370 [ref. 33391], Parin et al. 2014:85 [ref. 33547], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:876 [ref. 34062], Esmaeili et al. 2017:53 [ref. 35254], Esmaeili et al. 2018:33 [ref. 36089], Ćaleta et al. 2019:162 [ref. 37026], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:139 [ref. 37983], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Çiçek et al. 2023:36 [ref. 40326], Dyldin et al. 2023:[33] [ref. 40328], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Çiçek et al. 2024:236 [ref. 40789], Artaev et al. 2025:23 [ref. 42057]). Current status: Valid as Pelecus cultratus (Linnaeus 1758). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cumberlandensis, Phoxinus Starnes [W. C.] & Starnes [L. B.] 1978:509, Figs. 1-4 [Copeia 1978 (no. 3); ref. 8875] Brownies Creek along Kentucky highway 987 at Cubage, Bell County, Kentucky, U.S.A. Holotype: TU 103312. Paratypes: ANSP 138365 (13); FMNH 83832 (16); TU 103313-15 (11, 6, 1), 1103316 (2, c&s), 103317 (3); UF 22211 (18); UMMZ 201152 (10); USNM 217810 (25); UT 44.1366 (5). Additional material: UL, UMMZ, W. C. Starnes coll. Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:74 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:65 [ref. 12367], Bart & Taylor 1993:44 [ref. 20906], Gilbert 1998:68-69 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Phoxinus cumberlandensis Starnes & Starnes 1978 -- (Lee et al. 1980:335 [ref. 22416], Howes 1985:71 [ref. 5274], Page & Burr 1991:86 [ref. 18983], Etnier & Starnes 1993:244 [ref. 22809], Gilbert 1998:68-69 [ref. 23395], Skelton 2001:123 [ref. 25125], Nelson et al. 2004:76 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:34 [ref. 28940]). •Valid as Chrosomus cumberlandensis (Starnes & Starnes 1978) -- (Strange & Mayden 2009:495 [ref. 30381], Page & Burr 2011:184 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:69 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:68 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Chrosomus cumberlandensis (Starnes & Starnes 1978). Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: North America: Kentucky and Tennessee (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

cumingii, Ceratichthys Günther [A.] 1868:177 [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 7; ref. 1990] Given as California, U.S.A.; actual is southern Mexico. Syntypes: BMNH 1856.4.9.10 (2). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395]. Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042] selected boucardi over cumingii, both described in the same publication; some subsequent authors have not accepted this action. •Synonym of Notropis boucardi (Günther 1868) -- (Gilbert 1978:39 [ref. 7042], Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395]). •Valid as Hybopsis cumingii (Günther 1868) -- (Miller 2006:129 [ref. 28615]). •Synonym of Hybopsis boucardi (Günther 1868) -- (Markle et al. 1991:277 [ref. 21027]). •Valid as Notropis cumingii (Günther 1868) -- (Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:29 [ref. 28940], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708]). •Valid as Graodus cumingii (Günther 1868) -- (Stout et al. 2022:15 [ref. 39738]; Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505], Fricke et al. 2024:174 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Graodus cumingii (Günther 1868). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Southern North America: Río Atoyac, Río Verde basin, Oaxaca, Pacific Slope (Mexico) endemic. Habitat: freshwater.

cummingsi, Notropis Myers [G. S.] 1925:1, Fig. 1 [American Museum Novitates No. 168; ref. 12394] Upper Burnt Mill Creek, Wilmington, New Hanover County, North Carolina, U.S.A. Holotype: AMNH 8391 (apparently lost). Paratypes: ANSP 53943 (1); BMNH 1925.10.19.5 (1); CAS-SU 24327 (1); UMMZ 66514 (4); USNM 87396 (2), 94145 (2), 94242 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:35 [ref. 12291], Gilbert 1978:39-40 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:74 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395]. Named after a women so name most desirably would have been cummingsae. But that is not a mandatory change. However, it appears that the spelling cummingsae has achieved prevailing use and the name cummingsae should be continued. •Valid as Notropis cummingsae Myers 1925 -- (Gilbert 1978:40 [ref. 7042], Lee et al. 1980:259 [ref. 22416], Page & Burr 1991:150 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:55 [ref. 23239], Mettee et al. 1996:253 [ref. 25836], Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395], Nelson et al. 2004:74 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:239 [ref. 27995], Scharpf 2005:29 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:281 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:74 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:105 [ref. 35886]). •Valid as Pteronotropis cummingsae Myers 1925 -- (Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Bagley et al. 2023:315 [ref. 41241], Page et al. 2023:75 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Pteronotropis cummingsae (Myers 1925). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: southeastern U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

cupida, Acanthobrama Heckel [J. J.] 1843:1077 [87] [Ichthyologie [von Syrien]. In Russegger v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 2066] Kueik River at Aleppo, Syria. Syntypes: NMW 55340-43 (1, 1, 1). On p. 87 of separate [ref. 2067]. Listed on p. 1033 [43 of separate] under Acanthobrama as Trachibrama cupida. •Synonym of Acanthobrama marmid Heckel 1843 -- (Goren et al. 1973:296 [ref. 1853], Coad 1995:10 [ref. 23608], Bogutskaya 1997:163 [ref. 23566], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:108 [ref. 37983], Çiçek et al. 2024:197 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Synonym of Acanthobrama marmid Heckel 1843. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cyaneus, Hypsilepis cornutus Cope [E. D.] 1868:160 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 19; ref. 7316] Montreal River, Keweenaw Point on Lake Superior, Keweenaw County, Michigan, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 3950. Paralectotypes: ANSP 3951-59 (9). Type catalog: Gilbert 1978:40 [ref. 7042], Böhlke 1984:74 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395]. Original genus should have been Hypsolepis. Lectotype established by Fowler 1910:284 [ref. 19840] and 1918:31 [ref. 11665]. •Synonym of Notropis cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1978:40 [ref. 7042]). •Synonym of Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817) -- (Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Luxilus cornutus (Mitchill 1817). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cyanocephalus, Lythrurus Copeland [H. E.] in Jordan 1877:70 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 29 (pt 1); ref. 2372] Root River, Racine County, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Lectotype: USNM 17857. Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Jordan & Evermann 1896:300 [ref. 2443]; also designated by Snelson & Pflieger 1975:235 [ref. 12387]. Description stated to be from Copeland's notes, with a few additional characters taken from the types which are now in my [Jordan's] possession. •Synonym of Notropis umbratilis (Girard 1856) -- (Gilbert 1978:40 [ref. 7042], Snelson & Pflieger 1975:235 [ref. 12387], Smith 1986:183 [ref. 22186]). •Synonym of Notropis umbratilis (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Lee et al. 1980:318 [ref. 22416], Robison 1985:130 [ref. 17269], Robison & Buchanan 1988:238 [ref. 23393], Scott & Crossman 1998:472 [ref. 24570]). •Synonym of Lythrurus umbratilis (Girard 1856), but a valid subspecies -- (Stauffer et al. 1995:101 [ref. 23376], Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395], Scharpf 2005:23 [ref. 28940], Page & Burr 2011:225 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Lythrurus umbratilis (Girard 1856). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North-centreal U.S.A. [subspecies cyanocephalus]. Habitat: freshwater.

cyclotis, Ceratichthys Cope [E. D.] 1865:277 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 16; ref. 13927] Michigan, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 2113. Paralectotypes: ANSP 2114-16 (3), 2117 (1); UMMZ 213800-04 (3, 12, 4, 2, 2); NMW 52347 (3). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:74 [ref. 13621], Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395]. Lectotype established by Fowler 1918:34 [ref. 11665]; see also Böhlke 1984:74. •Synonym of Nocomis biguttatus (Kirtland 1840) -- (Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395]). Current status: Synonym of Nocomis biguttatus (Kirtland 1840). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cypha, Gila Miller [R. R.] 1946:410, Fig. 1 [Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences v. 36 (no. 12); ref. 13129] Near Phantom Ranch, western end of Grand Canyon, Arizona, U.S.A. (presumably from Colorado River, at mouth of Bright Angel Creek). Holotype: USNM 131839. Other specimens: USNM 15349 (1, head only), 20083 (1). Type catalog: Gilbert 1998:69-70 [ref. 23395]. •Valid as Gila cypha Miller 1946 -- (Lee et al. 1980:165 [ref. 22416], Suttkus & Clemmer 1977 [ref. 21045], Page & Burr 1991:74 [ref. 18983], McElroy & Douglas 1995:636 [ref. 22405], Simons & Mayden 1997:195 [ref. 24948], Sigler & Sigler 1996:79 [ref. 25943], Tyus 1998:190 [ref. 24138], Gilbert 1998:69 [ref. 23395], Douglas et al. 2001:389 [ref. 25233], Norris et al. 2003:24 [ref. 26757], Nelson et al. 2004:71 [ref. 27807], Scharpf 2005:18 [ref. 28940], Minckley & Marsh 2009:121 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:168 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:71 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:70 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Gila cypha Miller 1946. Leuciscidae: Laviniinae. Distribution: Western North America: western U.S.A. Habitat: freshwater.

cyri, Chondrostoma Kessler [K. F.] 1877:137, Pl. 5 (fig. 21) [The Aralo-Caspian Expedition; ref. 2597] Kura River, Tbilisi, Georgia, Eurasia. Syntypes: (8) BMNH 1897.7.5.27 [ex St. Petersberg Univ.] (1), ZIN 10919 (2). •Synonym of Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum Kessler 1877 -- (Elvira 1991:148 [ref. 20036], Coad 1995:16 [ref. 23608], Fricke et al. 2007:38 [ref. 29533]). •Synonym of Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum Kessler 1877, but a valid subspecies -- (Elvira 1987:122 [ref. 6743], Bogutskaya 1997:170 [ref. 23566], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:736 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:60-61 [ref. 23589]). •Valid as Chondrostoma cyri Kessler 1877 -- (Berg 1949:631 [ref. 20661], Gabrielyan 2001:27 [ref. 25867], Robalo et al. 2007:370 [ref. 28878], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:166 [ref. 31251], Perea et al. 2010:14 [ref. 31802], Esmaeili et al. 2010:368 [ref. 33391], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:869 [ref. 34062], Çiçek et al. 2015:146 [ref. 35151], Esmaeili et al. 2017:43 [ref. 35254], Eagderi et al. 2017:130 [ref. 35624], Esmaeili et al. 2018:24 [ref. 36089], Çiçek et al. 2020:251 [ref. 37644], Çiftci et al. 2020:214 [ref. 37725], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:135 [ref. 37983], Kaya et al. 2020:336 [ref. 37582], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Çiçek et al. 2023:396 [ref. 40625], Küçük et al. 2023:3 [ref. 39929], Çiçek et al. 2024:227 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Chondrostoma cyri Kessler 1877. Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Distribution: Eurasia: Kura-Aras River basin, Caspian Sea basin. Habitat: freshwater.

czekanowskii, Phoxinus Dybowski [B. N.] 1869:953 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 19; ref. 1169] Onon and Ingoda rivers, Upper Amur River basin, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. Spelled crebanowskii in Table. For remarks on systematics see Kottelat 2006:48 [ref. 28831]. •Valid, tentatively in genus Lagowskiella -- (Howes 1985:63 [ref. 5274]). •Valid as Phoxinus czekanowskii Dybowski 1869 -- (Berg 1949:579 [ref. 20661], Yang & Hwang 1964:25 [ref. 13497], Zhu 1995:30 [ref. 25213], Chereshnev 1996:600 [ref. 24659], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:739 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya 1998:67 [ref. 23589], Luo in Chen et al. 1998:87 [ref. 23878], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178], Chereshnev et al. 2001:44 [ref. 26736], Wang et al. 2001:84 [ref. 26566], Shedko & Shedko 2003:321 [ref. 27966], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:93 [ref. 28183]). •Valid as Rhynchocypris czekanowskii (Dybowski 1869) -- (Kottelat 2006:47 [ref. 28831], Ocock et al. 2006:44 [ref. 28933], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:234 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:332 [ref. 30085], Parin et al. 2014:88 [ref. 33547], Zhang et al. 2016:55 [ref. 34477], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:663 [ref. 34853], Romanov et al. 2017:822 [ref. 35687], Zuev et al. 2019:370 [ref. 36772], Dyldin et al. 2021:24 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:66 [ref. 38158], Dyldin et al. 2023:[26] [ref. 40328]). Current status: Valid as Rhynchocypris czekanowskii (Dybowski 1869). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Distribution: North Asia and East Asia: Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

czernayi, Owsianka Dybowski [B. N.] 1862:283, 284 [Archiv für die Naturkunde Liv-, Ehst- und Kurlands. Zweiter Serie. Biologische Naturkunde. Dorpat v. 3; ref. 1168] Dnieper, Dniestr, Don, Weichsel [Vistula] and Düna [Dvina] rivers, Poland, Ukranine, Russia and Latvia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel 1843) -- (Kottelat 1997:63 [ref. 22952], Bogutskaya 1998:62 [ref. 23589], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:139 [ref. 37983]). Current status: Synonym of Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel 1843). Leuciscidae: Leuciscinae. Habitat: freshwater.

czerskii, Phoxinus czekanowskii Berg [L. S.] 1912:225, Pl. 1 (figs. 6, 6a) [v. 3 (pt 1); ref. 5874] Odarka River, Lake Khanka basin, Russia. Syntypes: ZIN 15571 (6+14), 15572 (4), 15573 (6+), 15574 (6+), 15621 (6+). •Synonym of Phoxinus czekanowskii Dybowski 1869, but a valid subspecies as described -- (Berg 1949:580 [ref. 20661], Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:18 [ref. 22798], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:740 [ref. 24702], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:43 [ref. 26178]). •Synonym of Phoxinus czekanowskii Dybowski 1869 -- (Bogutskaya 1998:67 [ref. 23589]). •Synonym of Rhynchocypris czekanowskii (Dybowski 1869) -- (Kottelat 2006:48 [ref. 28831], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:332 [ref. 30085], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:663 [ref. 34853] with question). Current status: Synonym of Rhynchocypris czekanowskii (Dybowski 1869). Leuciscidae: Pseudaspininae. Habitat: freshwater.